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Biomedical subjects

A Gulsvik

Publications and source records attributed to A Gulsvik.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Notification of tuberculosis in the south-west health region of Norway: incidence and trends.

A survey of tuberculosis notification from the south-west health region of Norway showed a decrease from 17.7 cases of tuberculosis per 100,000 population during 1969-1973 to 12.3 cases per 100,000 during 1979-1983. The notification rate linearly increased with age from the age of 20 years on a logarithmic scale. The downward trend in notification was less marked in the last 5-year period compared with the first 5-year period probably due to changes in notification procedures in 1976, an epidemic of tuberculosis in the health region and on oil platforms in the North Sea in 1980 and an increased immigration of people from areas with high incidence of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the extrathoracic lymph nodes was during 1979-1983 the most frequent location of non-respiratory tuberculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

New syringes for arterial blood sampling.

Two new syringes for arterial blood sampling were compared. Fifty syringes of each type were randomly tested in awake patients and no significant differences were found regarding time taken to collect samples, or the pain experienced by the patient. Air bubbles were found in, and blood leaked, from the Pulsator syringes significantly more often than from the Radiometer B 129 syringes (p less than 0.005).

Arteries↗
PubMed1986

High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy as initial treatment in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. A pilot study.

Ten patients with fibrosing alveolitis were treated in a simple random design initially with either a high dose of methylprednisolone (5 patients) or a conventional dose of prednisolone (5 patients) followed by a maintenance dose of 30 mg prednisolone daily. The patients were followed for 6 weeks. No significant (p greater than 0.05) differences were observed between patients with high and low initial dose of glucocorticosteroids, as regards forced vital capacity, transfer factor for carbon monoxide or symptom scores after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment. After 6 weeks the dyspnoea score and the 67Ga uptake decreased, on average, by 74 and 85%, respectively, while forced vital capacity and transfer factor increased by 15 and 29%.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of mediastinal and peripheral pulmonary masses guided by real-time sonography.

The value of fine needle aspiration biopsy guided by real-time ultrasonography was assessed in 45 patients referred with an intrathoracic mass adjacent to the chest wall. The mass, as determined by chest x-ray examination, was visualized sonographically and subsequently biopsied in 42 patients. Puncture specimen was diagnostic in 34 patients (81 percent), including nine of 12 patients (75 percent) with previous failure of biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance. The success rate was similar in pulmonary and mediastinal masses, 18 of 23 and 16 of 19 patients, respectively. A diagnostic biopsy was obtained in 26 of 31 patients with a malignant mass. No complications were observed except for a minimal pneumothorax in one patient. Thus, real-time sonographic guidance is a safe, easy, and reliable method in biopsy of pulmonary and mediastinal masses adjacent to the chest wall and may also succeed in patients where fluoroscopically guided biopsy has failed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Bronchial challenge: interpretation of readings.

Bronchial reactivity as tested in vivo reflects to some extent the responsiveness of smooth muscle in the lower airways. The in vivo reactivity is often presented in terms of PC20 (provocation concentration leading to a 20% fall of FEV1), an index that is supposed to provide condensed information of the general dose/response relationship by a continuous variable. However, expressing the fall in relative terms is not strictly logical, as the random experimental error of FEV1 shows a homoschedastic distribution. Furthermore, PC20 becomes mathematically unstable in cases with a slight response and can be determined with reasonable precision only when the observed fall is close to 20% or more. When a small number of highly differing dose levels are used in clinical challenge testing, the results should rather be presented as the maximum, absolute change of FEV1 obtained at a specified dosage.

Asthma↗
PubMed1986

Smoking and giving of patient information by chest physicians.

A survey of the 115 members of the Norwegian Thoracic Society with a response rate of 94% yielded 17% smokers. Almost half of the smokers were cigar smokers only. Smoking was less prevalent among the younger physicians. All 83 physicians who answered the questionnaire recorded the smoking habits of their patients, and 99% of the doctors gave information to patients on the health hazards of smoking. However, only 22% of the physicians devoted more than 5 min to this work at each consultation. Physicians who were ex-smokers repeated questions on smoking habits and more often gave patients advice on drug treatment than non-smoking physicians.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Prevalence of bronchial asthma and respiratory symptoms in schoolchildren in Oslo.

During the school year 1980-81 a survey questionnaire was carried out among schoolchildren aged 7 to 15 years in Oslo. The survey population comprised 39,162 children attending compulsory primary school. The questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of 1772 children in 81 classes, forms 1 to 9, and the response rate was 95%. The prevalence of physician-diagnosis of current and cumulative asthma was 1.6% and 3.1%, respectively. Of those with current asthma 68% used asthma drugs regularly. Occasional wheezing and attacks of breathlessness were reported by 9% and 4%, respectively. Wheezing and breathlessness on exposure to pollen (4.5%), animals (3.1%) and exercise (5.5%) was reported more frequently than physician-diagnosis of asthma. The cumulative prevalence of either hay fever, eczema, urticaria or asthma was 17%. More boys than girls under the age of 12 had a physician-diagnosis of asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Recurrent diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage with minor kidney lesions.

This case report concerns a 14-year-old boy with a 3 month history of dyspnea and iron deficiency anemia. On admission he had hemoptysis and bilateral pulmonary shadows. Transbronchial lung biopsies showed linear deposits of IgG and C3 in the alveolar basement membrane, but no anti-GBM antibodies were observed in serum or kidney biopsy. The ratio of the T cell subpopulations T4/T8 in peripheral blood was in the early stage, 5 and, thus, elevated. The patient was given prednisolone 1 to 0.25 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide 2 mg/kg with temporary cessation of pulmonary bleeding. Hemoptysis recurred and plasma exchange was performed with success.

Adolescent↗