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Biomedical subjects

A Grau

Publications and source records attributed to A Grau.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Protective effect of methylprednisolone sodium succinate on the ultrastructure and resting tension of hypoxic heart muscle.

Experiments were undertaken to further investigate the protective effect of methylprednisolone sodium succinate on hypoxic heart muscle. Hypoxia was induced in isolated Langendorff perfused rat and rabbit hearts by gassing the perfusate with 95% N2 + 5% CO2. The hypoxia-induced damage was quantitated in terms of an altered ultrastructure and increased resting tension. When added at the start of the hypoxic episode 6 X 10(-5) mol.litre-1 methylprednisolone sodium succinate protected the fine ultrastructure of the heart, and delayed the increase in resting tension. This protective effect could not be accounted for in terms of the sodium succinate moiety.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists and the release of creatine phosphokinase from hypoxic heart muscle.

The ability of several beta-adrenoceptor antagonists with partial agonist activity (dl-oxprenolol, dl-acebutolol and dl-practolol) to attenuate the release of CPK that occurs during hypoxia (pO2 less than 0.8 kPa [6 MMHg]) has been studied and compared with the protection provided by dl-propranolol. dl-propranolol attenuated the hypoxic-induced release of CPK. The activity resided in the l isomer. dl-oxprenolol, acebutolol, and practolol were either less effective than propranolol in preventing CPK release, or they exacerbated the release. The protective effect of dl-propranolol extended to the hypoxic hyperthyroid heart but not to hearts that were perfused under aerobic (pO2 greater than 80 kPa [600 mmHg]) Ca2+-free conditions.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1976

A protective effect of verapamil on hypoxic heart muscle.

Hypoxic-induced damage of rabbit heart muscle has been quantitated in terms of the release of intracellular enzymes (including creating phosphokinase, CPK) into the extracellular space, a gain in tissue Na+ and Ca2+, a loss of tissue K+, the depletion of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphate (CP) reserves, and ultrastructural damage. This ultrastructural damage incolves the disruption of the plasmalemma, swelling and distortion of the mitochondria, disruption of the myofilaments, and the development of contraction bands. In isolated Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts perfused under either aerobie (pO2 greater than 80.0 kPa [600 mm Hg]) or hypoxie (pO2 less than 0.80 kPa [6 mmHg]) conditions, and either with or without glucose substrate, 0.5-1.0 mg/litre dl verapamil reduced the amount of ultrastructural damage caused by hypoxie perfusion. Verapamil (0.5-1.0 mg/litre) also reduced the rate at which the hypoxie muscle gained Na+ and lost K+; it reduced the rate at which the endogenous stores of ATP and CP were depleted and, provided that the extracellular phase contained Ca2+, it decreased the rate at which CPK appeared in the coronary effluent. Verapamil failed to prevent the hypoxie muscle from gaining Ca2+. These results are discussed in terms of a possible protective effect of dl verapamil on hypoxie heart muscle.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1976

[Staphylogenic food poisoning in a children's home (author's transl)].

Disease affected a group of 56 children in a children's convalescent home. In the samples taken from the stomach as well as in the samples of the vomit brought up by the affected children, in which the remains of porridge oats were recognizable, cluster cocci were identified in the microscopic preparations. The latter were classified by culture growing and lysotypy into various staphylococcal phagotypes. These staphylococci were identified as enterotoxin A and enterotoxin C2 formers. Stains of staphylococci isolated from swabs taken from the throat, nose and hands of the persons engaged in the preparation of the porridge oats were of the same staphylococcal phage groups. Consequently it would appear that these persons contaminated the oats. The oats had been left overnight at about 2.5 centigrade and were served to 58 children at 7.45 in the morning. Around 9.30 the first cases presented. By about 12.00 their number had risen to 56. However, 24 hours later 41 children were again free from complaints despite the initial shock-like nature of the life-endangering conditions (vomiting, diarrhoea, circulatory disorders).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacological protection of hypoxic heart.

The ability of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, with and without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, and of verapamil to protect the heart against hypoxia-induced damage was investigated. Damage was quantitated in terms of a raised end-diastolic resting tension and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) release. The results indicate that both the d and the l isomers act differently, the isomers preventing CPK release and the d isomers preventing the increase in resting tension.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Infection, atherosclerosis and acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease].

The established risk factors for ischemic stroke do not sufficiently explain all clinical and epidemiological features of the disease, such as the winter peak of stroke incidence, the decline of stroke during this century and the time point of cerebral ischemia. A role of infectious disease as stroke risk factor may partly explain above features. Several case-control studies with both hospital and population control groups showed that acute infection within the preceding week and mainly respiratory infection of both viral and bacterial origin increase the risk of cerebral ischemia independent from other risk factors (odds ratio 2.9-14.5). Infection as a risk factor appears to be most important in young age groups. Infection may cause a procoagulant state and thus, trigger thrombosis and cerebral ischemia. There is increasing evidence for chronic infection as stroke risk factor. A case-control study indicated chronic and recurrent bronchitis to increase stroke risk. Two case-control and one cohort study showed that chronic dental infection, mainly parodontitis, is a risk factor for stroke. There are conflicting results on chronic infection with cytomegalovirus and insufficient evidence for a role of Helicobacter pylorii infection in pathogenesis of stroke. Seroepidemiological studies and analyses of carotid plaques indicate a role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in ischemic stroke. However, causality can not yet be inferred from present results. Acute and chronic infectious diseases are treatable and partly preventable conditions. Their recognition as stroke risk factors could therefore be important for stroke prevention.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Limitations of CAT scan in the diagnosis of myelolipoma of the adrenal gland].

The suprarenal myelolipoma is a myeloid tissue and fat tissue tumor. It can undergo degenerative processes of haemorrhage, necrosis and calcification. The diagnostic key is based on the finding of fat tissue in the inside of a suprarenal mass. A CAT would be the method allowing a more accurate diagnosis. Its limitations came from the presence of myelolipomas with abundant myeloid tissue, or which have suffered major degenerative processes in which it is difficult to identify the fat tissue, and in large retroperitoneal masses in which it is impossible to recognize their suprarenal origin.

Adipose Tissue↗