Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Grau

Publications and source records attributed to A Grau.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Immunohistochemistry: theoretical potentials and practical application].

Immunhistochemical methods are increasingly used and their application in surgical pathology is obvious. Nine different immunohistochemical techniques are compared in this review article. The peroxidase anti-peroxidase method of Sternberger et al. (1970), the avidin biotin complex method of Hsu et al. (1981) and the labeled avidin biotin technique of Guesdon et al. (1979) are to be preferred. Two step methods using labeled antibodies such as alkaline phosphatase or peroxidase-labeled second antibodies are less sensitive. However, two-step methods using alkaline phosphatase-labeled antibodies offer the advantage of double staining procedures since alkaline phosphatase reacts with different azo dyes and results in a wide spectrum of colours in the final reaction product. At present, the major problems of immunohistochemistry in daily work are the selection of the fixative and of appropriate controls. Though both problems remain unresolved, immunohistochemical methods should be used for special problems in surgical pathology.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

Investigations concerning the correlation between liver cell proliferation, production of alpha-fetoprotein, and DNA-synthesis of lymphocytes in the spleen of NMRI-mice. An autoradiographic and immunohistochemical study.

To obtain more information concerning the correlation between liver cell proliferation, production of alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) and DNA-synthesis of lymphocytes in the central and peripheral parts of periarteriolar lymphatic sheaths ( PALS ) of the spleen, these parameters were monitored in intervals of 12h after CCl4-poisoning of NMRI-mice using autoradiographic and immunohistochemical methods. The results indicate that synthesis of AFP is not linked closely to proliferation of hepatocytes because in contrast to DNA-synthesis the production of AFP was only detectable in a very small subpopulation of liver parenchymal cells reaching a peak before the majority of hepatocytes was found to enter the S-phase of the cell cycle. Beyond this, in vivo no general suppressive effect of AFP on proliferation of lymphocytes in preferably T-dependent areas of the spleen could be detected since the 3H-TdR-labeling index in these compartments increased, reaching a peak 48h after the maximum of hepatocytes producing AFP had occurred.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and cell proliferation in regenerating livers of NMRI mice after partial hepatectomy. An immunohistochemical and autoradiographic study with 3H-thymidine.

To get more information concerning the relation between cell proliferation and the synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), liver regeneration and AFP production was followed simultaneously in short intervals in NMRI mice after two-thirds hepatectomy using autoradiographic and immunohistochemical methods. The results indicate that AFP synthesis is not linked closely to cell proliferation in the sense that each proliferating hepatocyte synthesizes AFP during a definite phase of the cell cycle. However, AFP production, as measured by the index of anti-AFP positive hepatocytes, occurs in a very small population of parenchymal cells when the bulk of the hepatocytes has just passed the S-phase and is considered to be in the G2-, M or early G1-phase of the cell cycle when the cells are still in an undifferentiate state.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Value of the measurement of gases in the diagnosis of pleural effusion (author's transl)].

Determination of pH and measurement of pCO2 and pO2 have been systematically included in the study of 183 patients with pleural effusion. According to selective etiologic criteria the effusions were divided into four categories: those of cardiac origin (42), non-specific infectious (14), tuberculous (22) and neoplastic (20). A pH inferior to 6.30 seemed to be characteristic of non-tuberculous pleural effusion, and in these circumstances an associated pCO2 greater than 135 mm Hg and pO2 less than 21 mm Hg were noticed. Results in tuberculous and neoplastic cases were similar, pO2 being the only differential datum (pO2 less than 49 mm Hg and pO2 greater than 52 mm Hg, respectively). Overall results are compared to those obtained in the subgroup of pleural effusions of cardiac origin. Determination of pH, pO2 and pCO2 in pleural effusions may help to identified the etiology of this condition, specially when associated to analysis of other parameters of the aspirated fluid.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1980

[Congenital hepatorenal polycystic disease with unusual long survival (author's transl)].

The authors report a case of hepatorenal polycystic disease discovered in the course of a routine physical examination. The patient was asymptomatic and the progression of the disease was extremely low. The existence of the disorder, however, was confirmed in the autopsy. Although hepatorenal polycystic disease is a relatively common clinical finding, the rareness of this condition in patients of advanced age and its occasionally asymptomatic form are pointed out. Clinical and prognostic characteristics of the two types of the disease (infantile and adult) are mentioned too. Physical examination and pyelography are the most import exploratory methods; other procedures such as echography, scanning and peritoneoscopy are complementary techniques. Lastly, the need to establish an early diagnosis in order to avoid unappropiated surgical maneuvers is stressed.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Tuberculous pleural effusion and pleural effusion secondary to non-specific bacterial infection: biochemical differential diagnosis (author's transl)].

The authors study 14 different analytical parameters in the pleural fluid in order to recognize differential biological criteria, helping to establish an etiologic diagnosis in patients with suggestive clinical symptoms and biological data of an infectious process. In a group of 38 patients with bacterial exudative pleural effusion (22 of tuberculous origin and 16 secondary to non-specific bacterial infection), the following parameters were analyzed: total proteins, acid glucoprotein, X1, antytripsin, CDH, acid phosphatase, amylase, cholinest, copper, iron, pCO2, pO2 pH, glucose, and cholesterol. The results of amylase, copper, pCO2, pO2 and pH determinations in the pleural fluid show statistical significant differences between the tuberculous cases and the patients with non-specific infections. Lastly, the authors mention the minimal biological criteria necessary to confirm the tuberculous or non-specific bacterial etiology of a pleural fluid, stressing the value of the levels of cholinesterase, copper, pO2 and pH as differential data.

Copper↗
PubMed1979

[Liver disease associated with hypernephroma. A case report (author's transl)].

The observation of a non-metastatic reactive hepatopathy associated with a hypernephroma in a 39-year-old man who had had fever for 4 months led to a review of the literature and an analysis of basically three aspects of the disorder: a) The various manifestations of carcinoma of the kidney, which include a large number of paraneoplastic clinical symptoms (polycythemia, anemia, prolonged fever, hypercalcemia, hypertension, nefropathy, loss of salt, peripheral neuropathy, and amyloidosis); b) an alteracion of hepatic function known since 1961 which is characterized by an abnormal retention of sulfobromophthalein, increase of alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin decrease, dysproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, and alpha2-globulin increase. It may or may not be accompanied by enlargement of the liver. c) Criteria of operability of the primary tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗