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Biomedical subjects

A Goto

Publications and source records attributed to A Goto.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Role of serotonin type 2 receptors in regulation of aldosterone production.

It is well recognized that serotonin stimulates aldosterone production by the adrenal glands. To investigate the possible roles of serotonin type 1 and 2 receptors in the regulation of aldosterone production, we examined the effects of cyproheptadine (a serotonin antagonist that inhibits both type 1 and 2 receptors) and ketanserin (a serotonin type 2 selective antagonist) on aldosterone and cAMP production in collagenase dispersed rat adrenal capsular cells. Serotonin, ranging in concentration from 10(-9) to 10(-3) M, significantly increased aldosterone production in a dose-dependent fashion after 2 h of incubation at 37 degrees C. Cyproheptadine and ketanserin showed comparable inhibitory effects on basal aldosterone production. These serotonin antagonists preferentially inhibited serotonin-induced aldosterone production. Serotonin significantly increased cAMP production at a dose of 10(-6) M. Both cyproheptadine and ketanserin significantly decreased basal cAMP production at doses of 10(-5) M. These serotonin antagonists preferentially inhibited serotonin-stimulated cAMP production. These results suggest that adrenal serotonin type 2 receptors may be coupled with adenylate cyclase activity and that these receptors are involved in the regulation of aldosterone production. Whether serotonin plays an important role in the regulation of aldosterone secretion in vivo remains to be elucidated.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1985

Left ventricular aneurysm and the prediction of left ventricular enlargement studied by two-dimensional echocardiography: quantitative assessment of aneurysm size in relation to clinical course.

A retrospective study was performed to elucidate the process of left ventricular aneurysm formation and its influence on left ventricular enlargement based on serial two-dimensional echocardiographic observations from 150 consecutive patients with first acute anterior myocardial infarction. Echocardiograms were available and interpretable through the entire period of observation in 68 patients. Because of early death in 13 patients, echocardiograms of 55 patients, 22 with and 33 without aneurysm, were analyzed from 1 to 28 days after infarction. Patients with aneurysms were separated into two groups with large (group 1, 11 patients) and small aneurysms (group 2, 11 patients) on the basis of ratios of aneurysm to overall left ventricular circumferential length [Lcf-LV(RAO)] and area [Area-LV(RAO)], i.e., Lcf(An/LV)-RAO and Area(An/LV)-RAO, respectively, in the right anterior oblique equivalent view at the time of aneurysm formation, with reference to Forrester's subset. Group 1 consisted of patients with Lcf(An/LV)-RAO of 0.4 or greater or Area(An/LV)RAO of 0.3 or greater while group 2 included patients with Lcf(An/LV)-RAO less than 0.4 or Area(An/LV)-RAO less than 0.3. In the test for time trend in these groups with a one-way analysis of variance, Lcf-LV in RAO equivalent and apical four-chamber views and Area-LV in apical four-chamber view effectively separated group 1 from groups 2 and 3 (without aneurysm) with significance (p less than .005, p less than .01, and p less than .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1985

[A clinicopathological study of 11 patients with Paget's disease of the vulva].

A clinicopathological analysis of 11 patients with Paget's disease of the vulva was reported. A close association of this disease with cancer was strongly suggested in the histological examination. Nine of 11 patients had wide primary lesion; 4 patients had coexisting undifferentiated carcinoma (one patient with in situ sweat gland carcinoma) and one patient had squamous cell carcinoma in other lesion of the vulva. Five patients had downward growth of the tumor from the epidermis proper. There were, thus, only two patients who had Paget's cells confined within the epidermis. Three patients died of generalized metastasis of carcinoma and two patients had vulvar recurrence. The results of staining for PAS, PAS diastase resistant reaction, alcian blue, mucicarmin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were all positive in specimens with similar stainings to coexisting undifferentiated carcinoma of the vulva and metastasized lesions. CEA staining was positive in cytoplasm of Paget's cells and basal cells widely in the epidermis. It could be considered that the Paget's cells of the vulva originated multifocally from primitive stratum germinativum, which gave rise to the surface epithelium as well as all of the dermal appendages.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Effect, toxicity and tissue concentration in the clinical use of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)].

The tissue cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) concentration was measured in autopsies treated with CDDP therapy for gynecological malignancies. These cases consisted of 10 of ovarian tumor and one of choriocarcinoma. Total CDDP doses administered were from 55mg to 560mg and among them three cases were treated with more than 500mg (525mg, 555mg in ovarian cancer and 560mg in choriocarcinoma). We found moderate renal impairment with this drug by serum functional test and histopathology, although these changes did not correspond with the total doses. In liver, kidney and residual tumor measured for CDDP, the tissue concentration was highest in liver. When total doses administered were compared with the tissue concentration in liver, kidney, residual tumor and the decrease in creatinine clearance value, there were statistically significant differences only in residual tumor at p less than 0.01.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical experience of norfloxacin (Baccidal) in the urological field].

The clinical effectiveness of a new synthetic pyridoncarboxylic acid derivative, norfloxacin (NFLX: Baccidal) was studied in the urological field. NFLX was given clinically to 50 patients with urogenital tract infections; 40 cases were acute simple cystitis and 10 cases were complicated UTI satisfied the criteria of the UTI committee. Thirty two bacterial strains were isolated from the group of acute simple cystitis and 10 bacterial strains were isolated from the group of complicated UTI. Susceptibility of NFLX by the method of distribution and disk sensitivity was 97% in the former group and 89% in the latter group. The overall clinical efficacy rate estimated by the criteria of the UTI committee in 32 cases with acute simple cystitis was 97% and in 10 cases with complicated UTI was 60%. The incidence of side effect was 8.0% (4/50). All of these side effects which were nausea, abdominal fullness and headache may be attributable to the administration of NFLX. No abnormal laboratory findings were observed except for elevation in GOT and GPT values in 1 case (4.0%), which returned to normal after NFLX treatment. Therefore NFLX is suggested to be a clinically useful and safe drug in the treatment of UTI.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Magnetic microcapsules for targeted delivery of anticancer drugs.

To achieve targeted distribution of anticancer drugs with sustained activity, ferromagnetic ethylcellulose microcapsules containing an anticancer drug, mitomycin C (FM-MMC-mc), were prepared by a method based on phase separation principles. Two prototypes of FM-MMC-mc were made: one with the drug as the core and zinc ferrite on its capsular surface (outer type); the other with both the drug and zinc ferrite as the core (inner type). Both preparations provided a sustained-release property and a sensitive response to conventional magnetic force, although certain differences in the release rate of drug, magnetic responsiveness, and particle size were found between the two dosage forms. Animal studies showed that the magnetic microcapsules could be magnetically controlled in the artery and urinary bladder. VX2 tumors in the rabbit hind limb and urinary bladder were successfully treated with magnetic control of FM-MMC-mc. Pharmacokinetic study revealed that the targeting of the microcapsules markedly enhanced the drug absorption into the surrounding tissues for a prolonged period of time. The results indicate the feasibility and effectiveness of the magnetic microcapsules as a targeted drug delivery system.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Congenital heart anomalies in the trisomy 18 syndrome, with reference to congenital polyvalvular disease.

Congenital polyvalvular disease (CPVD) is seen in trisomy 18 and other aneuploidy syndromes. However, its extent and nature have not been studied. Gross pathologic and histologic aspects of the heart were studied in 15 autopsied cases of trisomy 18. All had CPVD; other congenital defects included membranous ventricular septal defect (87%), patent ductus arteriosus (73%), and high takeoff of the right coronary ostium (80%). With a scoring system, histologic findings of the valves of all trisomy 18 cases were compared with those of 30 normal hearts of comparable age in order to determine the degree of morphologic abnormality. This included the presence of blood cysts, derangement of the spongiosa and fibrosa, vascular degeneration of the spongiosa, and defective elastic fibers. There were distinct differences between the changes seen in CPVD with trisomy 18 syndrome and those seen in the normal individuals. The most severe changes were present in the tricuspid and mitral valves with derangement of the spongiosa and fibrosa and defective elastic fibers. The valve tissue had a similar histologic appearance and structure to that of low birth weight infants (gestational age, 25 weeks). The valvular changes observed therefore are of fetal type and represent errors in tissue differentiation occurring as last as the third trimester.

Chromosomes, Human, 16-18↗
PubMed1983

Growth inhibition of transplantable murine colon adenocarcinoma 38 by indomethacin.

The anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin was tested for antitumor activity against transplantable mouse colon adenocarcinoma 38 (colon 38). Groups of BDF1 mice (C57BL/6 X DBA/2) were given intraperitoneal injections of this drug beginning on the 6th day after subcutaneous implantation of the tumor and continued for 4 to 8 days. In other groups of mice, identical treatment was delayed until the 16th day after implantation of the tumor. The higher antitumor activity against colon 38 was obtained with earlier initiation of treatment, indicated by decreased growth of the tumor and increased life span of the host. The later initiation of the treatment produced less antitumor activity. The antitumor activity was, however, less than that of 5-fluorouracil, which was used as a positive control drug. The two drugs in combination produced few advantages over 5-fluorouracil alone using the dose schedule designed in the present experiment. Indomethacin treatment significantly reduced prostaglandin E and F levels in the tumor tissue, but 5-fluorouracil did not. It seems likely that the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis by indomethacin underlies the antitumor effect of this drug on colon 38.

Adenocarcinoma↗