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Biomedical subjects

A Gaucher

Publications and source records attributed to A Gaucher.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Antigenic markers of immunocompetent cells in rheumatoid synovial membrane].

Immunologic characteristics of cells present in rheumatoid synovium from 15 patients were analyzed either "in situ" on frozen sections or after elution. Monoclonal antibodies directed against T cell subpopulation antigens and anti-Ia-like were used. T cells bearing the phenotype T3+, T4+, Ia+ are numerous, and they appeared gathered in lymphoid follicles and in perivascular areas. They are in close relationship with large Ia+ cells probably macrophagic in nature. Numerous dendritic cells as well as intimal cells are also Ia+. Some ratios T8+/T4+ cells are higher than results previously reported. This discrepancy could be related to drugs received by the patients before surgery.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1982

[T-lymphocyte subpopulations in chronic inflammatory rheumatism].

Monoclonal antibodies to a series of human lymphocytes subpopulations antigens (OKT) specific of the peripheral T cells (OKT3), of the inducer population (OKT4) of the suppressor cytotoxic population (OKT 5, OKT8), and anti-Ia (OKI1) were used to study blood lymphocytes from 50 patients with active or inactive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and from 23 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In RA patients, there is a significant decrease of the total T cell population (T3 +) with higher percentages of helper (T4 +) T cells than in controls. In active forms of the disease, there also is a decrease in the suppressor cytotoxic (T5 + and T8 +) subset with a significant increase of the immunoregulating ratios T4 +/T5 + or T4 +/T8 +. Elevated levels of Ia + lymphocytes are found in all RA patients. Corticosteroid treatment seems to erase these abnormalities. On the contrary in AS patients, no significant modification of the T cell populations was evidenced.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

[Scintigraphic study of reflex algodystrophy].

Isotope investigation of reflex sympathetic dystrophy is not limited to an evaluation of bony up-take, it also includes examination of the early dynamic scintigraphy of the vessels. The late views of bone scans reflect, above all, the bone's affinity for phosphate complexes i.e. the degree of osteoblast activity. Generally, dystrophies, independent of their site, show increased locoregional uptake, often quite intense, which appears early in the course of the disease. This supports histopathological findings. There are several advantages in using the bone scan in the investigation of reflex dystrophy: early diagnosis before the development of radiological signs, precise evaluation of the local extension of the dystrophic process and detection of the incidence of multifocal forms, follow-up of the course of the disease, definition of new clinical forms: patchy algodystrophy partial, decalcifying dystrophy, sub-radiological dystrophy, the aetiology in certain sites (especially the hip). Early dynamic scans that dystrophy is accompanied by an increase in the vascular compartment and decreased circulatory flow, a sign of the local stage of the disease. There is also an increase of the interstitial compartment, greater than that of the vascular compartment, explaining the presence of edema. The pathophysiological information gained from dynamic studies is matched by the therapeutic information: evaluation, or even prediction, of the effect of a given drug (cortisone, calcitonin).

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1982

Inflammatory effect of aluminium phosphate on rat paws.

The aim of this experiment was to determine the inflammatory effect of aluminium phosphate on the rat paw and to compare it with those of carrageenan, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and natural diamond powder. At the probability threshold of the various tests used there was a significant increase in volume of the treated paw relative to the control paw for all the substances at all times, except for the two concentrations of diamond (effect no longer significant from 30 min on), of calcium phosphate (not significant from 2 h), and of aluminium phosphate (not significant from 24 h). The effects were not significantly different between diamond and calcium phosphate (both concentrations). The effects of aluminium phosphate were significantly different from those of the two until at least 2 h after the injection ; there was no significant difference between the two doses of this substance. The kinetics of the effects produced by carrageenan differed from the kinetics of the other materials, its effects were not significantly different from those produced by aluminium phosphate until 2 h and later. The inflammatory effect that we have demonstrated in this study is added information suggesting that in addition to apatite, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate, and sodium monourate, aluminium compounds can play a role in the unexpected appearance of inflammatory manifestations in haemodialysed patients with chronic renal insufficiency treated with aluminium gels.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed1982

[Measurement of aluminium in bone by pulse polarography (author's transl)].

Pulse polarography has been applied to the determination of aluminium in bone. The sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility of the method are described. The results of bone aluminium concentrations in controls and in haemodialysed patients treated with aluminium compounds are discuted. Pulse polarography permits very precise measurements of aluminium impregnating bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Protein binding of salicylates in rheumatoid arthritis].

Protein binding of salicylates was determined in 16 control subjects and 27 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Results obtained after separation of the free and bound fractions by dialysis to equilibrium and measured by spectrofluorometry were analyzed using a new mathematical model. In correlation with the decrease in plasma albumin concentrations, a decrease was found in the protein binding of salicylates in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This phenomenon was less marked in therapeutic zones and was related to the degree of severity of the inflammatory syndrome. The binding capacity per albumin molecule at saturation was decreased in patients suffering from advanced forms, suggesting that the changes seen were not due solely to quantitative variations in serum albumin levels. This study confirms the value of the determination of free salicylate levels in patients suffering from inflammatory rheumatic disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Apatites in heterotopic calcifications.

Calcified material obtained from three patients suffering from calcifications of the shoulder tendon sheath and from a subcutaneous with calcinosis was studied. A panel of different techniques was applied to this study: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectrometry, scanning and transmission wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron microdiffraction. These calcifications, made of carbonate containing apatite, are heterogeneous and composed of at least two separate phases the crystallinity of which appear different.

Apatites↗
PubMed1981

[Bone scintigraphy: diagnostic value and indications (author's transl)].

Bone scintigraphy is of considerable help in the diagnosis and follow-up of osteo-articular diseases. It also makes it possible to globally assess skeletal damage in cases with multiple bone lesions and to detect bone complications of diseases and therapies. To these advantages must now be added its contribution to the aetiological diagnosis of some arthropathies with subradiological lesions.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1981

Evidence of a generalized metabolic defect in patients with hereditary chondrocalcinosis. Increased inorganic pyrophosphate in cultured fibroblasts and lymphoblasts.

A gene in the heterozygous state appears responsible for a 2-fold increase in pyrophosphate content of both fibroblasts and lymphoblasts cultured from patients who have dominantly inherited chondrocalcinosis. Cells from unaffected family members of this large kindred showed a pyrophosphate content in the same range as was found in unaffected, unrelated controls. Similar cells from individuals homozygous for the gene would be useful in delineating the precise biochemical abnormality responsible for the increased pyrophosphate content.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Aseptic loosening of cemented total arthroplasties of the hip in relation to positioning of the prosthesis. New utilization of the Tschuprow-Cramer statistical test.

A statistical study of 1200 McKee-Farrar cemented total prostheses of the hip demonstrated the importance of a horizontal position of the cup and a valgus position of the prosthetic stem, in avoiding aseptic loosening of the prosthetic parts. A new test (the Cramer test) showed that a statistical bond exists between the position of the prosthesis and the occurrence of aseptic loosening.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1980

Radionuclide imaging in hip abnormalities.

The uptake of Tc-99m-diphosphonate was studied topographically and quantitatively on 258 diseased hips. For many diseased hips, bone scintigraphy provides items of information that complement the clinical, radiological, and biological data, with which it should always be compared. The localization, extent, and intensity of the uptake differ greatly according to the hip disorder studied, and depend not only on the cause of the lesion but also on its stage of evolution. Bone scintigraphy can shed light on the etiologic diagnosis of a painful hip at the beginning of its evolution, before definite roentgenographic signs appear, thanks to some very precise characteristics of the uptake, this is the case for transient osteoporosis of the hip, aseptic osteonecrosis, Legg-Perthes disease, early arthritis of the hip joint, and stress fractures of the femoral neck or of the pubic rami.

Adult↗