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Biomedical subjects

A Gaucher

Publications and source records attributed to A Gaucher.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

HLA antigens and toxic reactions to sodium aurothiopropanol sulphonate and D-penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

One hundred and forty-one patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with aurothiopropanol sulphonate or D-penicillamine, or both were examined for HLA antigens to investigate the genetic influence on the occurrence of different adverse reactions during therapy. All 13 patients possessing HLA-DR3 had toxic reactions. The relative risk for DR3 positives of developing skin eruptions or proteinuria was calculated to be 10.5 times and seven times respectively that of DR3 negatives. The incidence of DR7 antigen in 94 patients with toxic reactions was significantly decreased (11% compared with 28% in controls) suggesting a protective role for this antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Bone angioscintigraphy].

Classical bone scintigraphy can be completed by a dynamic study of the blood supply of a previously defined anatomical region. Our protocol consists of the recording of early images in the histogram mode, centred on the selected pathological region and on the symmetrical region which acts as a control. One film is taken every 3 seconds for 3 minutes following an intravenous injection of 20 mci of Tc99m MDP into a cubital fossa vein. More limited symmetrical zones of interest are visualised on the image obtained by summation of all of the information obtained during the second minute following the arterial passage of the radioactive bolus. The curve reflecting the variation in activity for each zone of interest over these three minutes can therefore be obtained. The first part of the curve, until the first slope change, corresponds to the arterial phase (blood flow), the second part, which includes a brief venous phase, corresponds to the vasculo-tissue phase (blood pool). The value of these bone image, which allow a very detailed analysis of the topography and intensity of the uptake, is above all diagnostic, while the early, vascular images and the resulting curves are essentially of pathophysiological interest. Bone angioscintigraphy is a triple examination and one of its best applications is in reflex sympathetic dystrophy. It is able to distinguish very objectively between "hot" and "cold" forms and it can indicate the most appropriate treatment for each case and follow the effects of treatment. The other indications for bone angioscintigraphy also include Paget's disease, especially the monitoring of treatment, osteomyelitis, sarcomas and osteonecrosis.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Thymulin (FTS-Zn) induced in vitro modulation of T cell subsets markers on lymphocytes from rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Perturbations in T cells and T cell subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes were looked for, using monoclonal antibodies, in nine patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and four patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). All SLE patients were in an acute phase of their disease, but had not yet received steroids. Seven of the nine RA patients presented an active illness, recently diagnosed in five cases, and received no steroids nor D-penicillamin. T cell subsets alterations responsible for abnormal values of the OKT4 +/OKT8 + immunoregulatory ratio, were improved by in vitro incubation of the lymphocytes with synthetic thymulin in eight out of nine RA patients. No significant modification occured for SLE patients' lymphocytes. These results support the possible beneficial role of thymulin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Human articular cartilage and fibrocartilage: a study with high-angle x-ray diffraction.

High-angle x-ray diffraction was applied to the study of four meniscal fibrocartilages and 11 articular cartilages from patients suffering from various articular disorders. In eight samples microcrystals were seen, apatite most frequently, CaHPO4 in two instances, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) in one. These results confirm the association of various crystals in a single joint, and favour their heterogenous partition on collagen fibres.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Experimental synovitis induced by aluminium phosphate in rabbits. Comparison of the changes produced in synovial tissue and in articular cartilage by aluminium phosphate, carrageenin, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, and natural diamond powder.

The goal of this experimental study was to examine the effect on articular tissue of tribasic aluminium phosphate (crystalline and amorphous forms) after intraarticular injection in rabbit and to compare it with that of various phlogistic compounds such as carrageenin, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and diamond powder, as a control. Synovium and cartilage were studied with light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive micro-analysis (EDM). Crystalline and amorphous aluminium phosphate could induce a synovitis with articular effusion in rabbits. With TEM, lysosomal inclusions of phagocytosed material were observed. Through SEM coupled with EDM, aluminium associated with phosphate was found in cellular elements.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed1984

Aluminum in the joint tissues of chronic renal failure patients treated with regular hemodialysis and aluminum compounds.

We studied the concentrations of aluminum in the articular tissues of 5 hemodialysed patients treated with aluminum compounds. Aluminum crosses the synovial barrier, is found in synovial fluid (SF) and accumulates in the joint structures (synovial membrane and joint cartilage). The concentrations found in synovial tissue were 2.7 to 10 times control values, in SF 2.5 to 8 times the control concentrations and in cartilage 2.6 times the control concentrations. Transmission electron microscopy showed localization of aluminum in the lysosomal structures and wavelength dispersive microprobe analysis showed aluminum in cellular components associated with phosphate. The possible toxicity of aluminum to joints merits further investigations.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1983

[Passage of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents across the synovial membrane].

The therapeutic effectiveness of non-steroid anti-inflammatory (NSAI) drugs is partly determined by their passage across the synovial membrane. The synovium can be compared to a double barrier the permeability of which to NSAI drugs depends on the degree of inflammation of the joint and on the pharmacokinetic properties of the drugs (lipophilia, pka, protein-binding). A few hours after one single systemic dose, concentrations in the synovial fluid are higher than in serum. During chronic administration, concentrations of NSAI drugs with a short half-life vary less in synovial fluid than in serum. During steady state, free fractions of NSAI drugs with prolonged half-life may be similar in both compartments.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Value of the assay of bone aluminum by pulse polarography].

Pulse polarography has been applied to the determination of aluminium in bone. The sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility of the method are described. The results of bone aluminium concentrations in controls and in haemodialysed patients treated with aluminium compounds are discussed. Pulse polarography permits very precise measurements of aluminium impregnating bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Diffusion of oxyphenbutazone into synovial fluid, synovial tissue, joint cartilage and cerebrospinal fluid.

The diffusion of oxyphenbutazone into synovial and cerebrospinal fluids and synovium and joint cartilage was investigated in 25 patients receiving short-term treatment. In the synovial fluid, the mean oxyphenbutazone concentration, was 57.1 +/- 13.4% of the plasma level, due to its excellent diffusion into the joint cavity. In synovial tissue, the oxyphenbutazone level was higher in patients with severe inflammation than in those with no or little inflammation. Penetration into joint cartilage is less than into synovial tissue. In cerebrospinal fluid the concentration was close to the level of free plasma oxyphenbutazone. The findings show increased diffusion of oxyphenbutazone towards its site of action in inflammation.

Adult↗