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Biomedical subjects

A Galindo

Publications and source records attributed to A Galindo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Micro-iontophoretic studies on neurones in the cuneate nucleus.

1. Cuneate cells in anaesthetized cats were strongly excited by L-glutamate, and somewhat less by D-glutamate; cells which receive afferents from hair receptors were particularly sensitive.2. Glutamate could be used to demonstrate post-synaptic inhibitory inputs from the dorsal column, the medial lemniscus and the frontal cortex.3. Many cuneate cells were also strongly excited by adenosinetriphosphate (ATP); this was probably due to the chelating action of ATP, as citric acid was also quite effective.4. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) readily blocked all forms of spontaneous and evoked activity, except antidromic invasion of cuneothalamic neurones; cells which receive proprioceptive afferents were particularly sensitive to GABA. Glycine had a comparable effect.5. Acetylcholine (ACh), catecholamines, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and an extract containing substance P mostly had only weak depressant actions. Cholinergic and mono-aminergic mechanisms are probably not very significant in the cuneate.6. These results are consistent with the possibility that glutamate and GABA (or glycine), or some closely related compounds, are the main excitatory and inhibitory transmitters in the cuneate nucleus.7. If ATP is released from afferent nerve endings, it could also play a significant role in excitation.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporary mechanical support with the BVS 5000 assist device during treatment of acute myocarditis.

BACKGROUND: Ventricular support with the BVS 5000 (Abiomed) has been used as temporary circulatory assist for the failing heart. Our purpose is to summarize four cases illustrating the role of mechanical unloading in acute myocarditis. METHODS: Four patients aged 16- to 33-year old presented with congestive heart failure 4 to 20 days after a flu-like syndrome. All patients were in severe cardiogenic shock +/- renal and liver dysfunction. Ejection fraction ranged from 5% to 26%. Indications for ventricular assist were failure of maximal medical treatment with > or = two inotropes +/- intra-aortic balloon pump. Myocardial biopsy revealed acute myocarditis in three patients and severe edema in one despite a characteristic clinical course. Two patients received immunotherapy with OKT3. Biventricular assist was used in three patients and left ventricular assist only was used in one. Mean support time was 8.3 days (7 to 11). RESULTS: All patients had recovery of myocardial function and were discharged from the hospital in good condition. CONCLUSION: The BVS 5000 device provides a safe, simple, and effective method to support the circulation during acute myocarditis. We hypothesize that this may facilitate myocardial recovery by decompressing the distended ventricle. Ventricular assist devices should be used early in the presence of hemodynamic deterioration on maximal medical therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electrocorticographic seizure activity during enflurane anesthesia.

In electrocorticographic recordings obtained during enflurane anesthesia, abnormal electrical activity was elicited with light and moderate levels of enflurane anesthesia and suppressed at a level of deep surgical anesthesia; Paco2 was constant at 34 +/- 2 torr throughout. Enflurane may prove to be of value in determining foci of abnormal electrical activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of anesthetic solutions used in lumbar and caudal peridural anesthesia.

Clinical observations on peridural anesthesia were made in 466 patients. The spread of various concentrations of anesthetics injected into the lumbar and caudal peridural space were followed by plotting analgesia-time profiles. Onset of anesthesia and the volume required to provide one dermatome of anesthesia varied little among different anesthetics given in different concentrations. The sequence of appearance of analgesia was also similar, with longer times being required to block larger roots. Quality of anesthesia was judged by the penetration of anesthestic solutions into the largest spinal nerve root (S1); rate of penetration depended on the type of drug and concentration. No drug concentration combination included all the ideal characteristics for block: minimal mass of anesthetic, maximum spread, long duration (minutes of anesthesia per milligram of drugs per segment), low incidence of failure, and fast stabilization time. However, depending on the surgical needs and the characteristics of the patients, some drugs and concentrations may be preferred. Stabilization and onset were slower and drug requirements larger for caudal than for lumbar peridural anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stereotactic target identification for neurosurgery of Parkinson disease].

INTRODUCTION: The use of applied neurophysiological methods to improve the stereotactic localization of devices in the deep human brain is a high and systematic technology in Parkinson's neurosurgery today. The available standard equipment for clinical neurophysiology practice may constitute the basic set for high tech functional neurosurgery. Free run and event related multiunit recording, naturalistic and electrical evoked potentials, and deep brain microstimulation responses are the basic methodological set to neurophysiological target localization. DEVELOPMENT AND CONCLUSIONS: This article is concerned with the topic: set out a high technology using low cost equipment. So our 41 cases experienced in pallidal and thalamic nucleolisis and thalamus and subthalamus DBS results suggest that the proposed equipment and methods are the required to assure accuracy and safety for target location.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Applied neurophysiology in the deep brain stimulation treatment of multiple sclerosis tremor].

INTRODUCTION: Many patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) develop tremors that may involve one or both lower and/or upper extremities, head and/or voice. In the last few years, chronic high frequency deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermedious (Vim) thalamic nucleus (Vim-DBS, deep brain stimulation) seems to be gradually replacing Vim-thalamotomy in surgical treatment of tremor. The thalamotomy is a destructive procedure of the whole neural components, whereas Vim-DBS has shown to be a selective neurophysiological procedure to block a specific group of neural components, in particular large, fast and low threshold ones. MS is a disease of uncertain etiology characterized by demyelinating plaques in central nervous system. The neurophysiological intraoperative targeting applied to this pathology identifies demyelinated plaques and the functional state of Vim, reduces pitfalls and increases accuracy. Methods included spontaneous and induced multiunit activity recording, semimicroelectrode and tetraelectrode thalamic evoked potentials recording and micro/macro stimulation techniques.

Adult↗