Immunological unresponsiveness by deoxyspergualin therapy in mice undergoing lethal graft-vs-host disease, and successful adoptive transfer of unresponsiveness.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
A Fujii
Publications and source records attributed to A Fujii.
[Immunohistochemical studies on a new antigens associated with squamous cell cancer in oncogenesis of uterine cervical cancer].
We examined the localization of squamous cell cancer associated antigens (SCCAA) in dysplasia, cancer in situ (CIS) and microinvasive SCC of the uterine cervix, since detection of SCCAA in these subjects is highly effective for early diagnosis. Anti-squamous cell cancer associated antibody (Anti SCCAAb IgG) was prepared by immunizing rabbits with specific components at around PI 6.1 that were originally purified from SCC of maxillary sinus. In this study, the following results were obtained by the immunoperoxidase method. (1) Eleven out of 15(73%) cases of dysplasia, 20 out of 26(77%) cases of CIS, 21 out of 24(88%) cases of Stage I, 13 out of 14(93%) cases of Stage II and 9 out of 10(90%) cases of Stage III-IV in the clinical stages of SCC showed positive staining, while controls of unrelated SCC were almost negative. (2) The SCCAA positive ratio was 2 out of 2 cases of small cell nonkeratinized type, 86% in large cell nonkeratinized type and 94% in Keratinized type of SCC. (3) The SCCAA was demonstrated on all the layers of stratified squamous epithelium in a lesion of CIS and some layers migrated to adjacent nonneoplastic lesion with lateral invasion in middle layer. These results suggest that the demonstration of SCCAA may be useful in diagnosing the malignant transformation of squamous epithelium in the early stage of SCC.
Antigens, Neoplasm↗
[Combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, vincristine, cis-platinum, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and bleomycin: MVP-CAB for disseminated urological cancer].
Twenty-eight evaluable patients with disseminated measurable malignancies of the genitourinary organs except testicular cancer were treated with MVP-CAB, between May 1985 and June 1988. Chemotherapy was given at 3 to 4 week intervals, as follows. On day 1, methotrexate 20 mg/m2, vincristine 0.6 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2, adriamycin 20 mg/m2, and bleomycin 30 mg/body were administered. On day 2, cis-platinum 50 mg/m2, on day 1 to 3, prednisolone 20 mg/body were also administered. The administration of bleomycin and adriamycin were limited to 90 mg/body and 400 mg/m2. The median age was 59 years. The median follow-up duration was 11 months. The primary lesions were urothelial tract cancer (19 patients), malignant lymphoma (1 patient), renal cell adenocarcinoma, penile cancer, prostatic adenocarcinoma, and leiomyosarcoma (2 patients each). CR was observed in 2 patients, and PR in 11 patients with urothelial tract cancer. The overall response rate was 68% (13/19). The response rates in primary and metastatic lesions were 56% (5/9) in primary, 73% (8/11) in lymph node, 71% (5/7) in lung, 67% (2/3) in liver, and 20% (1/5) in bone. The median duration of survival in the responders was 13.5 months, and in the non-responders was 5 months. The 1 year survival rate by Kaplan-Meier method was 70% in responders. On the other hand, the longest survival time in non-responders was 9 months. Marked improvement of survival time was noted in the responders. PR was observed in 1 patient with malignant lymphoma, prostatic adenocarcinoma, and leiomyosarcoma in each. The main toxic effect of MVP-CAB was bone marrow suppression. Leucopenia (WBC less than 4,000/mm3) was noted in 24 patients (86%), and 16 patients (57%) had a WBC count nadir below 2,000/mm3. Thrombocytopenia (plt less than 10 x 10(4)/mm3) was noted in 10 patients (36%). However, there were no deaths due to the bone marrow suppression.
Adult↗
Cephalexin concentrations in human serum, gingiva, and mandibular bone following a single oral administration.
1. Cephalexin concentrations in human serum, gingiva, and mandibular bone after a single oral administration of cephalexin (500 mg) were measured by the paper disc method. 2. The peak times of serum, gingiva, and mandibular bone were approximately 90, 120 and 120 min, respectively. 3. The peak concentrations of serum, gingiva, and mandibular bone were 10.58 micrograms/ml, 5.57 micrograms/g and 2.12 micrograms/g, respectively. 4. The concentration ratio of gingiva/serum and mandibular bone/serum peak time of serum were 0.47 and 0.18, respectively. 5. Cephalexin concentrations in gingiva and mandibular bond did not exceed the MIC80s for clinically isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus spp., alpha-Streptococci and Peptostreptococcus spp.
Adolescent↗
Insulin sensitivity in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia.
Insulin sensitivity was studied using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique in 5 female patients with anorexia nervosa and 4 females with bulimia. The results were compared with those of 15 male patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Euglycemic insulin clamp is performed for 2 h using the Biostator, during which time insulin was infused at a rate of 0.77 mU kg-1 min-1. Fasting plasma glucose and immunoreactive insulin tended to be lower in patients with anorexia nervosa than in those with bulimia (69.8 +/- 6.7 vs 75.9 +/- 7.7 mg/dl, and 5.9 +/- 2.0 vs 9.8 +/- 3.4 U/ml). The mean metabolic clearance rate (MCR) was 9.2 +/- 3.9 ml kg-1 min-1 for patients with anorexia nervosa, 5.1 +/- 2.2 ml kg-1 min-1 for patients with bulimia, and 3.8 +/- 0.3 ml kg-1 min-1 for patients with diabetes mellitus. However, one anorectic had a significantly high MCR. One anorectic and 3 bulimics had a significantly low MCR. These results suggest that insulin sensitivity varied in patients with anorexia nervosa, whereas it tended to decrease in some patients with bulimia but not to the same degree as in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Adult↗
Augmentation of wound healing by royal jelly (RJ) in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
Chronically diabetic rats prepared by a single i.v. injection of streptozotocin were used to study whether royal jelly (RJ) possesses a hypoglycemic reaction and whether it can augment wound healing. Oral RJ administration of 10, 100 and 1000 mg/kg/day did not show any insulin-like activity (the hypoglycemic reaction). RJ, however, showed some anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing exudation and collagen formation in granulation tissue formation in the cotton pellet method. RJ also shortened the healing period of desquamated skin lesions. Thus, RJ possesses an anti-inflammatory action and is able to augment wound healing, but does not have an insulin-like action in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
Animals↗
A clinicopathological study of so-called denture fibroma.
We investigated 60 cases of so-called denture fibroma, most of which occurred in women in their 50s to 70s. The most commonly affected areas were the upper alveolar ridge and the bottom of the alveolabial sulcus, and most of the prostheses responsible were complete dentures. Elevated and tumor-like lesions were most frequent. Histopathologically, about 60% of the lesions were of the fibromatous type. Degeneration and inflammation of the salivary glands were identified in one third of cases.
Adult↗
[Clinical and pathological study on 47 cases of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors].
47 cases including 24 renal pelvic tumors, 20 ureteral tumors and 3 renal pelvic and ureteral tumors treated in our hospital from January, 1980 to December, 1987, were studied clinico-histopathologically. The patients ranged in age from 38 to 81 years (average 65 years) the sex ratio was 3:1 with male predominance over female. Tumor occurred on the right side in 19 cases, on the left side in 27 cases and bilaterally in 1 case. The most frequent sign was hematuria which was observed in 40 cases (85%). The interval from the onset of initial symptoms to the first visit was within one month in 9 cases (19.1%). The major findings of excretory urograms were filling defect in 21 cases (47.1%) and non-visualizing kidney in 15 cases (33.8%). Positive urinary cytology was obtained in 21 cases (44.7%). Operative therapy as performed in 45 cases, namely, nephroureterectomy and partial cystectomy in 30 cases (66.7%) and nephroureterectomy in 9 cases (20%). Histopathologically, all cases but two cases of squamous cell carcinoma and to cases of mixed type carcinoma are transitional cell carcinoma. Subsequent bladder tumors were found in 8 cases (17.7%). The overall survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years were 80.2%, 41.1% and 41.1%, respectively by Kaplan-Meier method. In this series, the interval from the onset of initial symptoms, the grade and stage of tumor and metastasis of lymph nodes were to be considered in developing prognosis.
Adult↗
[Preoperative adjuvant therapy for urinary bladder cancer--preoperative intra-arterial anticancer drugs infusion using artificial liver, and preoperative radiotherapy].
One hundred patients with carcinoma of the urinary bladder were treated with preoperative intra-arterial anticancer drug infusion in combination with an active carbon-based artificial liver or preoperative radiotherapy (400 rad X 5 days, total 2000 rad) in order to alleviate systemic side effects after preoperative adjuvant therapy and to perform radical cystectomy as soon as possible. Five-year survival was 69.8% in the artificial liver combined preoperative intra-arterial anticancer drug infusion group, and that of the no-pretreatment group and the preoperative irradiated group was 48.6% and 45.8%, respectively. In particular, the CDDP treated group had a higher 5-year survival of 77.4% than did the without CDDP treated group. This was attributable mostly to improved prognosis of T2, whereas either of these preoperative adjuvant therapies failed to ameliorate the prognosis of T3 or T4 stage patients. Therefore, systemic preoperative anticancer chemotherapies such as M-VAC are necessary to destroy "micrometastases" and to improve the prognosis of highly advanced bladder cancer.
Adult↗
Deoxyspergualin directly suppresses antibody formation in vivo and in vitro.
The effect of deoxyspergualin (DSG, NKT-01) on humoral immunity was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. DSG inhibited the primary and secondary responses to T cell-dependent antigens and the response to T cell-independent antigens in thymic and athymic mice. However, natural antibodies in non-sensitized mice were affected less by the administration of DSG. The agent produced a dose-dependent inhibition of B cell proliferation and antibody production to lipopolysaccharide in vitro. Suppression of secondary antibody response was also shown, whenever antigen stimulation was not given, antibody production was not affected. These results suggest that DSG affects the proliferative stage of B lymphocytes in such a way as to inhibit their growth and antibody production.
Animals↗
[The crystallinity of hypomineralized rat enamel caused by fluoride administration].
It has been well known that there are extreme amounts of inter-crystalline spaces and large amounts of enamel matrix in fluorosed human enamel. Our previous study discussed the fact that amelogenins in developing fetal enamel matrix protein may have a role in regulating or controlling enamel crystal growth. These results positively suggest that amelogenins degradation may be associated with the etiology of fluorosed enamel. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the crystallinity of fluorosed enamel of rats and the molecular weight of enamel matrix protein. The crystallinity of fluorosed enamel of rats, caused by the ingestion of fluoride containing water was evaluated with the microbeam x-ray diffraction analysis and the molecular weight of enamel matrix protein was examined by SDS-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The results obtained in the study are summarized as follows. 1) The plasma fluoride level of rats increased linearly with the fluoride concentration in the drinking water. 2) The microradiographs of maturing incisor enamel of the group with 100 ppmF- and 200 ppmF- injected showed diffused radiolucent zone from the subsurface toward the dento-enamel junction. The disturbances in enamel mineralization were most apparent in the 200 ppmF- group. 3) The crystallinity of the radiolucent zone of the fluorosed enamel decreased in both the a and c-axis directions, and particularly decreased more in the a-axis compared with the control. 4) The pattern of the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the enamel protein in the mature stage showed higher remaining molecular weight of amelogenins in rats in the 100 ppmF- and 200 ppmF- group. These results suggest that in hypomineralized enamel caused by long-term administration of fluoride containing water, the degradation of amelogenin protein was disturbed, and consequently the crystallinity of enamel apatite decreased.
Amelogenin↗
[Influence of sucrose administration on blood insulin level, and number of insulin receptor and affinity on isolated hepatocytes].
In order to investigate the process to form diabetic-like condition by giving continuously excessive amount of sucrose, rats were maintained with purified water (Purified Water Group, PWG) and 10% sucrose solution (Sucrose Group, SG), as drinking solution, ad libitum for 5 months, and were subjected to the following experiments: 1) Serum glucose (BG) and insulin level (IRI) in sucrose tolerance test (STT) were measured periodically up to 24 hours after administration. 2) The number and affinity of insulin receptor on isolated hepatocytes from the rats of PWG and SG were also investigated. At the termination of the experiment, 5 months after the initiation, the BG and IRI levels in SG were significantly higher compared to those of PWG. In STT, SG showed reduced glucose tolerance and also high blood insulin level. The number of insulin receptor of isolated hepatocytes of SG was approximately 23% lower than that of PWG and the affinity of SG was slightly lower than that of PWG. These results suggest that continuous high BG and IRI levels are indicated in the rats given large amount of sucrose continuously. The number of insulin receptor of such rat was also reduced by down regulation, resulting in an insulin-resistance. These cause further high blood glucose level and abnormality in metabolism, to result in a prediabetic impaired glucose tolerance.
Animals↗
[Clinical study of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for 1000 patients with renal and ureteral stones].
Using a Dornier HM3 lithotripter, we treated 1,000 patients with renal and ureteral stones from April, 1986 to July, 1989. They consisted of 612 solitary stones (pelvic stones, 152; calyceal stones, 167; ureteral stones, 293), 265 multiple stones and 123 staghorn calculi (complete, 48; partial, 75). The overall rate of the auxiliary procedure was 59.3% (pre-operative, 47.9%; post-operative, 11.4%). Pre-operative procedure included 430 catheterizations, 26 percutaneous nephrostomies (PNSs) and 23 pyelograms . Post-operative procedure included 69 transurethral lithotripsy , 21 PNSs, 26 percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PNLs), 6 meatotomy , 5 chemolysis and 1 open surgery. 484 (68.3%) in 709 good follow-up cases were stone-free at the time of 3 months since the first extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Complications were pain (34.8%), fever (4.3%), pain & fever (8.5%), subcapsular hematoma (0.1%) and ureteral obstruction (0.1%). Thus, ESWL is considered to be a useful means for renal and ureteral stones and in the case of large stone the combination therapy with PNL is more effective than ESWL-monotherapy.
Adult↗
[A case of bilateral renal metastases from non Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma].
A patient with bilateral renal metastases from non Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma originating in the aortocaval abdominal lymph nodes was treated with chemotherapy. Initially, methotrexate (20 mg/m2), vincristine (0.6 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2), adriamycin (20 mg/m2), and bleomycin (30 mg/m2) were given on day 1, cisplatinum (50 mg/m2) was given on day 2, and prednisolone (20 mg/body) was given from day 1 to 3 (MVP-CAB regimen). Since the patient was 74 years old and had slight renal dysfunction, for the first and second courses of this therapy, methotrexate and cisplatinum were administered at 60% of the usual dose and the other 4 anticancer agents at 70% of the usual dose. Only prednisolone was given at the full dose. From the third course the 6 anticancer agents were used at 70% of the normal dose. Administration was performed every 4 weeks until the third course, and every 8 weeks after the fourth course (total number of cycles of MVP-CAB: 8 cycles). A marked improvement of the general state and a reduction of the tumor size were noted following treatment. Since regrowth of the residual tumor occurred, as second line chemotherapy cytosine arabinoside (100 mg/m2) on day 1, ifosfamide (1 g/m2) on day 1 to 2, etoposide (100 mg/m2) plus prednisolone (20 mg/body) on day 1 to 3 were administered (AraC-VIP regimen). The timing of administration was similar to that of the MVP-CAB regimen. More than 50% tumor reduction was obtained with this regimen. The total survival time since the beginning of chemotherapy is 2 years to date.
Aged↗
Simultaneous occurrence of medullary and follicular carcinoma in the same thyroid lobe.
A rare case of the simultaneous development of medullary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland in a 51-year-old Japanese woman is examined. A preoperative diagnosis was made by needle aspiration cytology. Neoplastic cells of the medullary carcinoma were positive for calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen, whereas the tumor cells of the follicular carcinoma were negative for these substances. This case presents evidence that, in rare cases, two malignant epithelial neoplasms of different origins can occur in the same lobe of the thyroid.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Deleterious effect of sodium fluoride on gastrointestinal tract.
1. The effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on gastrointestinal tracts of rats was investigated. 2. Blood flow rate in rat stomach mucosa was only 30% of the initial rate during 30-60 min after a single oral dose (300 mg/kg) of NaF. 3. The addition of NaF (final NaF concentration: 50 and 100 ppm) in vitro gave the reduction of 10 and 28%, respectively, of initial free calcium ion levels in rat blood. 4. These results indicate that oral ingestion of excess amount of NaF caused dilatation of blood vessel and greatly decreased blood flow rate to accumulate the circulating blood in the mucosa of gastrointestinal tract to cause redness.
Animals↗
Josamycin concentrations in human dental granuloma after a single oral administration of josamycin.
1. Josamycin concentrations in human serum and dental granuloma after a single oral administration of josamycin (600 mg) were assayed by an agar diffusion (paper disc) method. 2. The mean peak josamycin concentrations in serum and dental granuloma occurred at an identical time, approximately 90 min, and were 0.88 micrograms/ml and 1.61 micrograms/g, respectively. 3. The mean concentration ratio of dental granuloma to serum at the peak time was 2.24. 4. Josamycin concentration in dental granuloma at the peak time exceeded MIC80 for clinically isolated strains of Streptococcus group A, Peptostreptococcus spp., and Bacteroides spp.
Administration, Oral↗
A study on the toxicity of antineoplastic drugs (bleomycin, peplomycin and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) by simultaneous administration (Part 1).
In order to clarify the toxicity of the antineoplastic drugs, bleomycin (BLM), peplomycin (PEP) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), which are commonly used to treat head and neck cancer by simultaneous administration, the semiacute toxicity of each of these drugs in rats was studied as an initial step. Body-weight change, general behavior, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), serum biochemistry (s-GOT, s-GPT, BUN, GLU, ALB, TP), A/G ratio, relative organ weight and histopathological features were determined. BLM and PEP given by ip administration once a week produced severe diarrhea, decreased diet consumption, emaciation, piloerection and loss of hair, enhancements of RBC and WBC, several changes in serum biochemistry, proliferation and mitosis of epithelial cells in the forestomach and occasional granular and vacuolar degeneration in the liver. CDDP administered in the same manner produced a significant decrease of WBC, several changes in serum biochemistry parameters especially BUN, an increased focal-segmental mesangial matrix in the glomeruli and vacuolar degeneration of epithelial cells of the convoluted tubule of the kidney.
Animals↗