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Biomedical subjects

A Fox

Publications and source records attributed to A Fox.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Light microscopy of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type II (MPGN with homologous extraglomerular lesions).

A light microscopic study of MPGN identifies three morphologic patterns with homologous extraglomerular lesions. These correspond to reported variants or patterns of MPGN II (Dense Deposit Disease) by electron microscopy. Endomembranous, subendothelial, and holomembranous patterns are described, all with homologous lesions of extraglomerular basement membranes. The holomembranous pattern is morphologically the most unique and may represent a different disease or a subset of MPGN II. The findings are consistent with the definition of MPGN I and II as mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis and MPGN II as a nephropathic lesion not limited to the glomerular capillary basement membrane (MPGN with homologous extraglomerular lesions).

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of 54 traumatic carotid-cavernous fistulas.

A series of 54 traumatic carotid-cavernous fistulas has been treated with detachable balloon catheters. The balloon was introduced through one of three different approaches: the endarterial route; the venous route through the jugular vein, the inferior petrosal sinus, and the cavernous sinus; or surgical exposure of the cavernous sinus; with occlusion of the fistula by a detachable balloon directly positioned in the cavernous sinus. Full follow-up review demonstrated that the carotid blood flow was preserved in 59% of cases. The most frequent complication was a transient oculomotor nerve palsy, which occurred in 20% of cases. In three cases where both the fistula and the carotid artery were originally occluded by the balloon, the superior portion of the fistula was later found not to be completely occluded, and these patients had intracranial ligation of the supraclinoid portion of the carotid artery. Three patients had hemiparesis, transient in two cases and permanent in the other. The results show that the fistula was totally occluded in 53 cases; in the one exception the patient became asymptomatic but had a minimal angiographic leak.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Neonatal heart rate reactivity following variable decelerations during labor.

The instantaneous heart rate of 65 healthy neonates was continuously monitored during labor and the first 30 minutes of neonatal life. It was found that infants who had moderate or severe variable decelerations in utero had a significantly delayed neonatal heart rate (NHR) reactivity without any evidence of perinatal asphyxia. The NHR pattern of infants with and without variable decelerations is described and possible mechanisms which could explain the delayed NHR reactivity are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Muramic acid detection in mammalian tissues by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Muramic acid is a component of the peptidoglycan moiety of cell walls of all bacteria and blue-green algae and is not found elsewhere in nature. A gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for muramic acid in tissue is described. The application of the method to the detection of muramic acid in tissues of rats with streptococcal cell wall-induced polyarthritis is demonstrated. Because the method has the potential to measure total bacterial biomass in tissue, it should prove to be an important assay in elucidating the etiological role of bacterial debris in chronic inflammatory diseases in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of the effects of theophylline, prednisolone and sleep withdrawal on airway obstruction and urinary cyclic AMP/cyclic GMP excretion of asthmatic children with and without nocturnal asthma.

Asthmatic children suffering from nocturnal asthmatic paroxysms showed not only a reduced peak exspiratory flow rate (PEER) but also a diminished excretion of cyclic AMP (cAMP) at night. In contrast, in asthmatic children without nocturnal asthmatic attacks, neither in PEFR nor in cAMP excretion did a circadian rhythm occur. Prednisolone, theophylline, and sleep withdrawal were able to reestablish normal airway function and cAMP excretion in those patients with nocturnal bronchoconstriction. Cyclic GMP (cGMP), which has been suggested as a mediator for cholinergic mechanisms, shows the exact opposite behavior of that of cAMP. In children suffering from nocturnal asthmatic attacks, cGMP increases during the night, whereas under sleep withdrawal it decreases. Hence we propose that a reduced responsiveness of beta-adrenergic receptors as well as an increased cholinergic activity are due to nocturnal asthmatic attacks. Therapeutic interventions taking the form of increasing cAMP or decreasing cGMP levels may thus be most helpful in treating nocturnal asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Neonatal survival after traumatic fetal subdural hematoma.

A case is presented of neonatal survival after traumatic fetal subdural hematoma. An unusual fetal heart rate pattern was detected on antenatal monitoring and led to immediate termination of the pregnancy by cesarean section. The fetal heart rate pattern may be secondary to fetal cerebral dysfunction, and its early recognition may result in increased survival when trauma occurs in utero.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1979

The concentration of tobramycin in bronchial secretions.

Fifteen noninfected patients received three consecutive doses of tobramycin (1.7 mg/kg intramuscularly). Serum and bronchial secretions were obtained during bronchoscopy. Microbiologic assay demonstrated that bronchial secretions containing tobramycin produced inappropriately small zone sizes when compared with serum. Also, it was shown that bronchial secretions frequently do achieve therapeutic concentrations of tobramycin at this dosage level and route of administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

High pressure liquid chromatographic determination of arprinocid in feed.

Arprinocid [9 - (2 - chloro - 6 - fluorophenylmethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine] is determined in feed by high pressure liquid chromatography with a silica column and ultraviolet detection. The drug is extracted from the feed into chloroform in the presence of pH 7 phosphate buffer, transferred to 0.1N HCl, and separated from interfering substances by partitioning with hexane. The acidic solution is neutralized, and the analyte is extracted into chloroform for injection into the chromatograph. This procedure has been applied to feeds containing 0.0030--0.0090% arprinocid with a precision of less than 5% relative standard deviation at the 0.0060% formulated concentration level. The results of this chromatographic procedure also correlate with those from a colorimetric analysis.

Adenine↗
PubMed1977

Is persisting antigen responsible for the chronicity of experimental allergic arthritis?

Animals were injected intra-articularly with antigen after prior immunization with that antigen in Freund's incomplete adjuvant in order to precipitate immune complexes in the surfaces of menisci, ligaments, and cartilage. On reimmunization with antigen in Freund's complete adjuvant 10 weeks later, generally an arthritis limited to the intercondylar fossa developed; but on intra-articular injection of antigen a second time a widespread arthritis developed in that joint. Thus immune deviation had not occurred and animals were in an immunological condition such as to be capable of developing widespread arthritis given the correct intra-articular stimulus. It is concluded that antigen, persisting as immune complexes, plays no part in maintaining widespread monarthritis, presumably owing to its inability to participate in a delayed hypersensitivity reaction as a result of sequestration.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effect of excising Freund's adjuvant granuloma on subsequent development of experimental allergic arthritis.

Rabbits were immunized with antigen in Freund's complete adjuvant. Several weeks later the granuloma which developed was excised one day before joint challenge with antigen. The subsequent development of experimental allergic arthritis (EAA) was not affected, which argues against the chronicity of the disease being maintained by continuous recruitment of mycobacterial debris to EAA joints.

Animals↗