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Biomedical subjects

A Fournier

Publications and source records attributed to A Fournier.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Anti-hypertensive effect of acebutolol: its relation to sympathetic nervous system responsiveness and to plasma renin and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activities.

1. Acebutolol, a beta1-receptor blocker, has, at a daily dose of 800 mg, a mild but significant anti-hypertensive effect in moderate sustained essential hypertension with normal or low plasma renin activity. 2. Prediction of its anti-hypertensive effect is better based on the evaluation of the sympathetic nervous system responsiveness to head-up tilt than on the evaluation of plasma renin activity or dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. 3. The anti-hypertensive effect of acebutolol is better explained on the basis of inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system activity than on the basis of suppression of plasma renin activity. 4. A positive correlation between plasma renin activity and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in patients on diuretics suggests the common dependence of these two variables on sympathetic overactivity.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1976

[Anatomical and histological approach to the radioraphic appearance of the breast (author's transl)].

The authors present first correlations between histology, anatomy and serial radiography of the breast, in order to establish a new understanding of the mammographic picture, with respect to the tridimensional histological structures. Several essential points are considered: - Mammographic pictures only show fibrous, connecting and fatty tissues. The epithelium of the galactophores is not shown, because of its low radio-opacity. Mammographic densities are due above all to fibrous connecting tissue, which has a high percentage of water. Benign or malignant breast tumors present with a proliferation of epithelium and connecting tissue, but only connecting tissue, more or less hydrated is shown on the mammographic picture. Many mammographic patterns are related to various superimposed fibrous strands, appearing as pseudotumoral opacities. The benign or malignant tumoral opacities are hidden or modified by multiple superimposed adjacent structures. - The mammographic patterns is related to the degree of hydratation and components of the connecting tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[In-situ intestinal loop study of the carbohydrate and phosphate modulation of calcium absorption].

Absorption of 45Ca from a 10 or 20 mM CaCl2 solution given into rat by injection in jejunal or ileal loops in situ is lowered by sodium phosphate and enhanced by L-xylose. Curves relative to the magnitude of absorption depending of doses of phosphate (5 to 50 mM) or carbohydrate (10 to 150 mM) are similar to those which account for the effect of activators or inhibitors upon the activity of enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Study at the level of the jejunal mucosa of the effects of various carbohydrate compounds on the activity of various enzymes localized in brush borders. Augmentation of phosphatase activity].

On rat jejunum the effects of sorbitol or NaH2PO4 on the activity of various enzymes localized in brush borders was investigated: glycosidases, amino-peptidase, alkaline phosphatase. The activity of phosphatase varies under the influence of these compounds (and others carbohydrates) in the same sense and the same extact than they induce variations of Ca absorption.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

[Effect of phosphate upon calcium intestinal absorption (author's transl)].

Adult rats receive 5 to 50 mM CaCl2 solutions in which glycerophosphate or sodium diacid phosphate may be added in variable quantity. These solutions are administered by gavage or in situ ligatured jejunal loop. The inhibition of calcium absorption dependent on simultaneously administered phosphate doses is well characterized: high for the lowest concentration, the inhibiting effect of phosphate doses decreases more and more reaching a limit from which phosphate supplementation has no effect. These observations discarding an intervention of phosphate by calcium insolubilization seem to demonstrate that the control supplied by phosphates on calcium absorption is of enzymatic character. Facts related to the respective effects of calcium and phosphates on the action of alkaline phosphatases lead to discuss a possible intervention of these enzymes upon calcium transfer.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

[Calcium absorption by the rat from various milks in relation to their total phosphorus and lactose contents].

The absorption of calcium corresponds to a strictly determined mechanism inhibited by phosphates and activited by carbohydrates. We investigate in what extent the absorption of milk calcium from various species has the same proceeding. 4 months old rats are given orally solutions of CaCl2 alone or in combination with sodium dihydrogen phosphate or lactose or these both compounds. We compare calcium absorption of these solutions to that of milk from woman, cow or sow, or to dilutions of these two latter milks. All these fluids are dosed so that they correspond each other by their respective content in total calcium, total phosphorus and lactose. Each solution contains 45Ca. Blood samples 1,30, 4, 6 and 24 hours after ingestion allow establishing the variations of plasma radioactivity. Rats are sacrified after 24 hours. In certain cases, samples from digestive tube contents and feces provide a coefficient of calcium absorption. The osseous retention is obtained from femur radioactivity. In breif, we may consider that milks from cow and sow provide calcium the absorption of which is settled after their respective content of total phosphorus and lactose. Opposed effects of these inhibitors and activators of calcium absorption compensate so that calcium from these milks is just a little better utilized by adult rat than calcium from an isocalcic solution of CaCl2. Calcium from woman milk, rich in carbohydrates, poor in total phosphorus is better absorbed than that from the two latters, however less than we might expect from its high lactose content. We may wonder that calcium utilization from cow milk is as moderate as that of a solution of CaCl2. But skeleton mineralization which may be fulfilled by milk is made better because of that: it is not chloride but calcium phosphate which ensures this mineralization, a phosphate which alone would impair this mineralization without the compensative role of lactose.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Endocellular pathogenic bacteria in the monogenean Euzetrema knoepffleri].

Intracellular bacteria (Rickettsia) are found in the Monogenean Euzetrema knoepffleri, vesicular endoparasite of the Amphibian Euproctus montanus (Urodela). In some conditions, they cause cytoplasmic damage in the host tissues, which demonstrates their pathogenicity. These bacteria are present during all the stages of the life-cycle of E. knoepffleri. Their transmission from one generation to the next occurs through the gametes.

Amphibians↗
PubMed1975

[Hypokalemic quadriplegia revealing Fanconi syndrome and myeloma].

The authors report a case of multiple myeloma presenting in an unusual fashion as a hypokalaemic quadriparesis secondary to a renal proximal tubulopathy. The tubular functional disturbance appeared to be related to the presence of kappa-type light chains. Electron microscopical study demonstrated in the cells of the concoluted tubules abnormalities which apparently constitute the anatomical substratum of this abnormality. Study of tubular function revealed glycosuria, proximal type tubular acidosis and altered reabsorption of phophorus and uric acid.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1975

[The eyespots of the oncomiracidium of Euzetrema knoepffleri (Monogenea): ultrastructure and evolution during the life-cycle (author's transl)].

Euzetrema knoepffleri (Monogenea, Monopisthocotylea) is a parasite of the urinary bladder of Euproctus montanus (Amphibia, Urodela). The eyespots of the oncomiracidium of E. knoepffleri are rhabdomeric; each anterior pigmented cell has one rhabdomere, each posterior pigmented cell has two rhabdomeres. This pattern is quite similar to that of the eyespot of another Monopisthocotylea, Entobdella soleae but the lack of cristalline lens in E. knoepffleri appears as a new feature of the Monopisthocotylea. The symmetry of the pigmented structures seems to be effectively connected with the swimming mode of the larva. Moreover, the ultrastructural differences between the two species Euzetrema knoepffleri and Entobdella soleae may be in relation with their different behaviour concerning light. After the fixation of the larva on its host, the comparative study of the evolution of the eyespots, shows the disappearance of the cristalline lens in Entobdella, and the loss of rhabdomeric structures in Euzetrema. These differences seem related with the nature of the microbiotope of the adult: Entobdella soleae is a skin parasite, Euzetrema knoepffleri a reno-vesical one.

Animals↗