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Biomedical subjects

A Flatmark

Publications and source records attributed to A Flatmark.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Influence of blood transfusions on kidney transplant and uremic patient survival.

The influence of blood transfusions on kidney graft survival in 167 first cadaveric transplants and 85 first living related transplants is presented. Blood transfusions had no effect upon kidney graft survival in the patients transplanted with kidneys from living related donors. A significantly better graft survival was observed in the transfused group of patients transplanted with cadaveric kidneys. This beneficial effect was most pronounced in men. When patient survival was analyzed, however, a possible beneficial effect of blood transfusions was almost nulled out when patients dying while waiting for a transplant were included. The majority of these latter patients had been transfused and many had formed HLA antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Antilymphocyte globulin in cadaveric renal transplantation--a controlled trial.

In a prospective, controlled study, 40 patients receiving a cadaveric renal transplant (first grafts) were randomized into two groups. Twenty patients were given antilymphocyte globulin (Behringwerke AHLG) in a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for a total no. of 25 times in combination with a standard regimen of prednisone and azathioprine. Graft survival and graft function were similar in the two groups both at 18 and 30 months post transplantation. No serious side effects of the ALG treatment were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Protectomy in ulcerative colitis. Results in 143 patients.

Secondary protectomy caused only one death in 59 patients while 10 deaths in the other 84 patients could be ascribed to simultaneous procedures such as colectomy. The perineal would was closed round a drainage tube. Healing was unrelated to age, primary or later protectomy, and corticosteroid medication. Mean healing time was significantly shorter in females (5.5 months) than in males (6.7 months). Only 50% of the patients reported healing in 6 months, and 20% still had an open wound at follow-up. These facts suggest that the present method should be altered. Healing seemed to follow an exponential curve, a trend which could be broken by revision, which was successful in 14 of 25 cases. Non-absorbable material, probably originating from ligatures on the superior hemorrhoidal vessels, was the apparent cause of sinus in 5 cases at least. Low as opposed to high ligation gives a long vascular pedicle, which may descend with its ligatures. This may explain the slower healing after protectomy for ulcerative colitis than for cancer.

Abscess↗
PubMed1976

Ileostomy in ulcerative colitis. Results in 149 patients.

The operative mortality among 144 patients treated with proctocolectomy and ileostomy for ulcerative colitis was 7.6%. Half the patients had fulminating colitis. Only 4 patients died during the follow-up period. Intestinal obstruction needing laparatomy occurred in 8.6%. Ileostomy revisions have been carried out in 13%, and significantly more often in females than males owing to a higher frequency of stoma retraction. Other ileostomy problems (leakage, skin soreness, excoriation) were experienced by nearly half the patients. These problems were episodic in the majority and could usually be remedied by instruction and new devices. Less than 7% used colostomy bags. In the remainder the changing interval appeared to be a measure of ileostomy success. The average length of the ileostomy spout was significantly longer in males without ileostomy problems (5.8 cm) than in males having leakage (3.7 cm). This difference was not apparent in females. Working and sexual impairment was rare. The success of an ileostomy depends on proper management, i.e., access to expert advice, instruction, training, follow-up, and adequate supplies of appliances. A stoma therapist on the staff is therefore extremely valuable.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Colon perforation in renal transplant patients.

Six patients with spontaneous colonic perforation after cadaveric kidney transplantation are described. Five perforations occurred in a diverticulum of the sigmoid colon, while one was at the suture line after a colotomy performed 5 months previously. Four patients died. Clinical diagnosis was difficult, but on x-ray examination free air in the abdominal cavity was found in 3 patients. Explorative laparotomy should be performed promptly when the diagnosis is suspected. All patients above the age of 4o should be screened with a barium enema prior to transplantation.

Colonic Diseases↗
PubMed1976

The importance of perfusate content of free fatty acids for dog kidney preservation.

Forty-eight-hour preservation of dog kidneys utilizing continuous hypothermic perfusion was carried out in two groups of dogs. In the first group an albumin electrolyte solution with a high content of free fatty acids was used as perfusate. In the second group the perfusate contained the same components as the first solution except that the fatty acids had been removed from the albumin before use. After preservation, the kidneys were reimplanted, and contralateral nephrectomy was immediately performed. The renal function was measured by serial creatinine determinations. The postoperative renal function was significantly better in the group perfused with fatty-acid-rich perfusate. The results suggest that the level of free fatty acids in the perfusion solution is of importance for kidney preservation.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Lung complications during immunosuppressive treatment in renal transplant recipients.

Pulmonary complications among 77 renal transplant recipients have been analysed. In the immediate postoperative period complications occurred with the same frequency as after other operations. Later on, usually within 6 months, pneumonia caused by bacteria, Pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus and fungi occurred. The lung changes may indicate the underlying infecting organisms. Mortality from pneumonia was 14% (11/77) including two patients with lung aspiration following emergency surgery. Pulmonary complications were significantly higher in men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Controlled trial of antilymphocyte globulin in cadaveric transplantation.

Since January 1974, alternate cadaveric renal transplants were treated with antilymphocyte globulin (Behringwerke) om addotopm to prednisone and azathioprine. Thirty patients were treated in this way. 53% of patients receiving ALG had a functioning graft at six months as opposed to 40% in the control group. This difference is not significant. All other parameters were approximately equal in the two groups. No serious side effects of ALG treatment were observed.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1976

Nephrotic syndrome in ulcerative colitis.

Complicating disorders in various organs outside the intestinal tract are common in ulcerative colitis. This report deals with the occurrence of nephrotic syndrome in two patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis. In the patient studied in most detail, 2 episodes have taken place, the first developing into uremia. After colectomy had been performed, rapid improvement of renal function took place. The morphological changes in kidney biopsies were compatible with the presence of focal glomerular sclerosis. Activity in the complement system and a favorable response to steroid treatment indicate that humoral immune mechanisms are of pathogenetic importance with regard to the renal disease in these two patients. To our knowledge nephrotic syndrome has not previously been described as a complication to ulcerative colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Serial complement studies in a patient with Goodpasture's syndrome treated with bilateral nephrectomy and renal transplantation.

A young male patient with Goodpasture's syndrome was treated with bilateral nephrectomy and when antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies could no longer be detected he received a cadaveric renal homograft. Fifteen months later he is in good health and without signs of pulmonary disease. Renal function is satisfactory, and there are no findings indicating recurrence of the nephritis. Serial complement studies during the entire course revealed varying degrees of activity in the sequence in the different phases: a high degree of in vivo activation of complement was found in the period before the nephrectomy, there was a moderate degree of activation in the period between the nephrectomy and transplantation and, finally, there were no signs of activity in the system after transplantation. This investigation strongly suggests that the complement system is of definite pathogenetic significance in this human equivalent to experimental nephrotoxic nephritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Gaseous persufflation during machine perfusion of human kidneys before transplantation.

Massive air embolisation (persufflation) of four machine-perfused human kidneys occurred during preservation. This lasted for 60-120 min and caused increasing perfusion resistance. Pressure and flow returned to normal within 2 h after reperfusion. All kidneys showed immediate function after transplantation. Experiments with dog kidneys revealed closure of cortical vessels and increased kidney temperature during persufflation. Cortical flow became normal after 1 h of reperfusion.

Angiography↗