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Biomedical subjects

A F Kaul

Publications and source records attributed to A F Kaul.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Determining the date of manufacture of drug products from lot numbers.

Information necessary to determine the date of manufacture of many drug products from assigned lot numbers is presented. Eighty-four U.S. drug manufacturers were surveyed by mail. Response was received from 71 (85%) of the companies contacted, but only 34 provided the information necessary to determine the date of manufacture of their drug products from assigned lot numbers. Pharmacists can use this information to remove potentially deteriorated drug products from inventory.

Drug Industry↗
PubMed1978

A retrospective analysis of analgesics and sedative-hypnotics in hospitalized obstetrical and gynecological patients.

In a retrospective analysis, the dose per patient day (DPPD) of controlled analgesics and sedative-hypnotics dispensed to inpatients at a women's hospital in the United States were studied from October 1974 through September 1975. Obstetric patients received as many analgesics (1.872 DPPD) as did gynecologic patients (1.945 DPPD). Percodan and meperidine were the most frequently dispensed oral and parenteral analgesics (0.673 and 0.526 DPPD) respectively. Obstetric patients received greater quantities of sedative-hypnotics (0.453 DPPD) than did gynecologic patients (0.311 DPPD). Secobarbital and pentobarbital were the most frequently dispensed oral and parenteral sedative-hypnotics (0.161 and 0.015 DPPD), respectively. A decline in the use of barbiturates was observed toward the end of the study year, with a corresponding increase in the use of the non-barbiturate sedative-hypnotics. It is recommended that intrapartum administration of analgesics and sedatives be carefully evaluated in view of their possible depressant effects on the fetus/newborn.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1978

Personnel requirements for improving services in a hospital pharmacy.

Pharmacy services at Boston Hospital for Women were made to meet 1976 JCAH pharmacy standards. Changes made in the pharmacy program are described, comparing the average amount of staff hours per week devoted to various pharmacy activities in 1974 and 1976. Activities are broken down into four major areas: administration, distribution of drugs, preparation of drugs and clinical programs. The clinical role of the pharmacist and updating of programs and operating procedures has been a major consideration in making changes.

Boston↗
PubMed1978

A controlled trial of antiemetics in abortion by PGF2alpha and laminaria.

Women undergoing abortion by intraamniotic prostaglandin F2alpha were randomized to receive either prochlorperazine edisylate 10mg, hydroxyzine hydrochloride 100mg, or a placebo every four hours by intramuscular injection in a double-blind fashion. Vomiting was significantly more frequent in the placebo-treated group [0.2 +/- 1.5 SD episodes per patient, n=21] than in the groups treated with prochlorperazine [1.2 +/- 0.5 episodes per patient, n=21] or hydroxyzine [0.3 +/- 0.8 episodes per patient, n=19]. The mean number of merperidine injections in the antiemetic-treated groups was lower than in the control group, but this effect was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the treated and the control groups in the interval from prostaglandin treatment to abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacoeconomic considerations in peripheral arterial thrombolytic therapy.

Intraarterial thrombolytic therapy with urokinase (UK) offers documented advantages to alternatives for treating both subacute and the initial presentation of acute peripheral arterial occlusion (PAO), including reduced morbidity and mortality. Treatment with intraarterial UK does not increase overall health care costs; hospital length of stay is either similar to that with other therapies (acute PAO) or is shortened (subacute PAO). Total hospital charges associated with use of intraarterial UK are also not significantly elevated. Thus, thrombolysis with UK offers both a clinically superior and a cost-beneficial way to treat PAO.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sugar content of selected pharmaceuticals.

Medications may contain significant amounts of various sugars. Data provided by 67 manufacturers have been tabulated to provide specific qualitative and quantitative information on sugar content of selected drug products. Since diabetic individuals may tolerate various sugar forms differently, it is useful to know specific sugar forms and content present in medications. This listing should prove to be a convenient guide to clinicians caring for diabetic individuals.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacotherapy of preterm labor.

Physiological factors initiating the birth process, problems associated with preterm labor, and use of pharmacotherapeutic agents to treat preterm labor are reviewed. Human parturition appears to be initiated by a combination of factors, the interplay of which is not well understood. In many cases, the threat posed by preterm labor is difficult to assess. Because the stringency of patient-selection criteria varies widely among studies, success rates of different drugs used to arrest labor are difficult to compare. For both short-term and long-term tocolysis, beta 2-sympathomimetic agents (betamimetics) can be used. These drugs, which include isoxsuprine, ritodrine, terbutaline, albuterol, nylidrin, fenoterol, metaproterenol, and hexoprenaline, are believed to affect intracellular calcium concentrations in the myometrium. Ritodrine is the only drug in this class currently approved by the FDA for inhibition of labor. Terbutaline has been shown to be effective in halting uterine contractions and is substantially less expensive than ritodrine. Calcium channel-blocking agents such as nifedipine and verapamil are being investigated for inhibition of labor. Magnesium sulfate, another calcium antagonist, has long been used as a tocolytic. Other agents discussed are ethanol, diazoxide, the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors (e.g., indomethacin and aspirin), and progestational steroids. Pharmacotherapy should be individualized on the basis of the patient's clinical condition, presence of other disease states, and side effects associated with available tocolytic agents. To date, a betamimetic with selective beta 2 effects, such as terbutaline or ritodrine, is the most valuable agent for inhibition of preterm labor.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗