Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A F Kaul

Publications and source records attributed to A F Kaul.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Positions held by graduates of postgraduate pharmacy fellowship programs.

The Brigham and Women's Hospital Pharmacy Department conducted a survey to determine how recently trained (since 1981) postgraduate pharmacy fellows have been employed. We received responses to mailed survey questionnaires from 40 of 42 institutions or colleges offering a pharmacy fellowship. Survey results showed 117 pharmacists completed fellowships from 1981 through July 1984. Fifty percent (58/117) of all graduates are members of college of pharmacy faculty, 20 percent (24/117) are pharmacy staff specialists, and 12 percent (14/117) have pharmaceutical industry positions. The survey shows that the majority of fellowships completed are in pharmacokinetics, with clinical pharmacology and infectious disease a distant second and third, respectively. Postgraduate pharmacy fellowships are important to prepare pharmacists for faculty positions in clinical or pharmacy practice departments of colleges of pharmacy.

Education, Pharmacy, Graduate↗
PubMed1985

Postgraduate pharmacy fellowships (1984-85).

During July and August 1984, the Pharmacy Services Department of the Brigham and Women's Hospital conducted its fourth annual national mail questionnaire survey of postgraduate pharmacy fellowships. It was found that 91 fellowships are offered at 36 fellowship sites. Information regarding type of specialty fellowship, fellowship characteristics, fellowship location and contact person, and qualifications of applicants is presented.

Boston↗
PubMed1985

The management of preterm labor with the calcium channel-blocking agent nifedipine combined with the beta-mimetic terbutaline.

We describe a successful, prolonged, inhibition of preterm labor using nifedipine combined with terbutaline in a patient undergoing complicated obstetrical problems. Delivery was delayed for two months and no significant ill effects were observed in the mother or her infant. This case reports the longest duration and the safe use of nifedipine for tocolysis, to date. A review of reports of the use of calcium channel-blockers in preterm labor is also presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Medication carts--are they all the same?

Purchase of unit dose medication carts is one of the major capital expenditures in the development and maintenance of a unit dose distribution system. Critical factors in this selection process are the considerations of product reliability and durability. To develop an assessment of user satisfaction with the various brands of unit dose carts, a national survey of 500 randomly selected hospital pharmacies was developed and mailed. The questionnaire requested information on types of carts used, satisfaction with cart performance, types of repairs needed, frequency of repairs, providers of cart repairs, and frequency of cart maintenance inspections. Two hundred seventy responses (54%) were available for evaluation. Eighty-five percent of cart users have five or more carts. Although 60% of respondents have carts greater than or equal to 4 years old, comparative satisfaction did not decrease as a function of increasing age of carts. There were 11 brands of unit dose carts reported by 214 responders. One hundred and three of these 214 responders (48.1%) used MacBick as compared with 36, 22, 18, and 35 users of Trans Aid, Lionville, Ferno Forge, and seven other brands, respectively. MacBick's users reported less equipment failure rate compared with the other brands, but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p less than 0.2 greater than 0.05). It was also determined that only 29% of hospitals routinely inspect carts to insure proper functioning. Since the most frequent type of equipment failure reported (up to 61% of users) involved cart locking mechanisms, drug security can be compromised without routine inspections.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1985

Efficacy of fenoprofen in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

We compared fenoprofen calcium, 200 mg; fenoprofen calcium, 400 mg; aspirin, 650 mg; and a placebo in 85 women for the relief of primary dysmenorrhea in a double-blind, clinical trial. The usefulness of these drugs was judged from data obtained over four consecutive menstrual periods on: restriction of daily activity, pain intensity scores, need for rescue analgesics, withdrawal due to lack of efficacy, and adverse events. Both fenoprofen, 200 mg, and fenoprofen, 400 mg, offered significant (P less than .01) pain relief when compared to placebo and aspirin. Analyses of data on 1, 2 and 3 indicated that aspirin was not significantly different from placebo. The aspirin-treated group reported the greatest number of adverse reactions, but the differences between the four groups were not statistically significant. Our study lends support to the concept of a "plateau analgesic effect" of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): fenoprofen, 200 mg, appears to be as effective as fenoprofen, 400 mg. When this type of drug fails to provide relief for a woman suffering from primary dysmenorrhea, switching to another NSAID may be more appropriate than increasing the dosage and the probability of dosage-related side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Comparative acceptance of three transdermal nitroglycerin placebo patches.

Factors that might affect patient acceptance of transdermal drug-delivery system patches were evaluated in healthy volunteers using placebo patches. Placebo transdermal nitroglycerin patches (Transderm-Nitro 5 placebo, Ciba Pharmaceutical Company; Nitro-Dur 10 cm2 placebo, Key Pharmaceuticals; and Nitrodisc 5 placebo, Searle Laboratories) were supplied by the manufacturers. Eighty-two healthy subjects were randomly assigned to begin using one of the three brands of patches. Using a Latin-square crossover design, subjects applied each brand of patch daily for five days and crossed over to the other brands on study days 6 and 11. At the end of each study phase, subjects completed a written questionnaire designed to evaluate their overall acceptance of each brand of patch. A total of 80 subjects completed all three phases of the study. According to forced rank preference, 84% of subjects preferred the Ciba patch to one of the other two brands. Subjects judged the Ciba patch to be the easiest of the three brands to use and reported significantly fewer side effects and skin irritation while using the Ciba patch; they also preferred the size of the Ciba patch and experienced significantly fewer problems with adherence of the Ciba patch. A significant percentage of subjects indicated that they would prefer a transdermal patch over tablets or ointment. Most subjects preferred the Ciba patch over the Key patch or Searle patch.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1985

Cost of implementing and maintaining a hospital-pharmacy-based online literature search system.

The costs of implementing and maintaining an online literature search system are described. The drug information service component of the department of pharmaceutical services pursued computerization to ensure the availability of timely and comprehensive drug information and to provide hands-on experience in computerized literature retrieval for its undergraduate and graduate students. Three major implementation costs were identified: the cost of purchasing the computer hardware, the expense of a training program for the online search program, and the ongoing user's fee for access to the databases. These implementation expenses were covered through nontraditional sources of funding, and no money was required from the hospital. The system received hospital-wide publicity through a number of prominent communication vehicles when it was implemented. In its first year, there were 448 requests requiring computer searches of a total 4150 requests for drug information. Of these 448, 255 originated from physicians, 138 from pharmacists, and 55 from nurses and drug manufacturers. Medline was the most frequently accessed database, accounting for 62.6% of the charges; Toxline accounted for 32.3% and miscellaneous files 5.1%. The average monthly charge (user's fee) was +238, which was within the initial projection for the yearly expense. Because of the success of this program, the system's costs were added to the operating budget of the drug information service.

Boston↗
PubMed1983

Postgraduate pharmacy fellowships (1983-1984).

During June and July 1983, the Pharmacy Services Department of the Brigham and Women's Hospital conducted its third annual national survey by mail questionnaire regarding postgraduate pharmacy fellowships. There was a total response of 76 percent to the questionnaire. Eighty-three fellowships are offered at 31 fellowship sites. Information regarding type of specialty fellowship, fellowship characteristics, fellowship location and contact person, and qualifications of applicants is reported.

Directories as Topic↗
PubMed1983

Decentralized preparation of short-term prescriptions for discharged patients.

The rationale for and implementation of a decentralized system for filling short-term discharge prescriptions are described. To prevent interruption of drug therapy, orders for three-day supplies of medications were filled in the outpatient pharmacy and returned to patients before discharge. Under the old system, more than 20% of medications ordered were not received by patients. Reasons for this problem were identified, and a new system was designed in which these discharge prescriptions were filled in satellite pharmacies. A follow-up study under the new system showed that only 1.5-3% of discharge medications were not received by patients and that patients' use of the discharge medication program was increased. Implementation of a decentralized discharge prescription program using the existing satellite pharmacies allowed increased efficiency in delivery of medications to patients at the time of their discharge from the hospital.

Boston↗
PubMed1982

A review of possible toxicity of di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) in plastic intravenous containers: effects on reproduction.

Many containers for intravenous solutions are made with plasticized polyvinyl chloride, the common form of which is di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP). Extraction of DEHP into blood and plasma stored in such plastic containers can occur, and harmful effects of DEHP in the human body consequently have been suggested. Reports on toxicity of DEHP in animals during pregnancy and the developmental period are critically reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Postgraduate pharmacy fellowships (1982-1983).

During June and July 1982, the Pharmacy Services Department of the Brigham and Women's Hospital conducted its second annual national survey by mail questionnaire regarding postgraduate pharmacy fellowships. There was a total response of 80 percent to the questionnaire. Sixty-three fellowships are offered at 25 fellowship sites. Information regarding type of specialty fellowship, fellowship characteristics, fellowship location and contact person, and qualifications of applicants is reported.

Directories as Topic↗
PubMed1981

Postgraduate pharmacy fellowships.

During May 1981, the Pharmacy Services Department of the Brigham and Women's Hospital conducted a national survey by mail questionnaire regarding postgraduate pharmacy fellowships. There was a total response rate of 74 percent to the questionnaire. Fifty-eight fellowships are offered at 26 fellowship sites. Information regarding type of specialty fellowship, fellowship characteristics, fellowship location and contact person, and qualifications of applicants is reported.

Education, Pharmacy, Graduate↗