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A Eskenasy

Publications and source records attributed to A Eskenasy.

157 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchiolar pathology. II. Light and electron microscopical changes of bronchiolar epithelial cells in rabbits repeatedly injected intratracheally with a detergent solution.

Intratracheal administration in rabbits of a detergent solution (Blue Perlan) determined the progressive swelling of bronchiolar epithelial cells, mainly of non-ciliated secretory ones, with hypertrophy of cytoplasms, frequent bleb ruptures and partial cell necroses. Mucoprotein synthesis was not enhanced. Ultrastructurally, the non-ciliated Clara cells were predominating; their cytoplasms were hypertrophied, prominent in bronchiolar lumina, and contained a few mitochondria and numerous dark-stained secretory granules with a thin membrane; glycogen was present in cytosol, and the apical zones of cytoplasms were locally balloonized; nuclei were chromatin-monomorphous and had an evident membrane. Disrupted blebs presented the same granules and glycogen-rich structure as the cytoplasms. Intermingled ciliated cells presented small mitochondria, sometimes modified, and some secretory granules; cilia and basal corpuscles were rarely damaged. Some microvilli intermingled among cilia, but they were extremely rare in non-ciliated secretory hypertrophied cells. Some tight junctions were observed between bronchiolar cell cytoplasms. The evolution to partial necrotizing bronchiolitis was obvious mainly after the third intratracheal injection of the detergent solution.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructural peculiarities of intercellular junctions in bronchopulmonary carcinomas.

Six bronchopulmonary carcinomas of various histological types (macrocellular, epidermoid) were electronmicroscopically studied on bronchial biopsy samples. The scarcity of intercellular junctions was observed in all of them, especially in carcinoma types or zones (i.e. of epidermoid carcinoma) less differentiated. Close and gap junctions, zonulae adherentes and maculae adherentes dominated the structure of poorly differentiated carcinomas, while the differentiated types also presented frequent desmosomes. Also the reduction of intercellular junctions frequency was accompanied by their ultrastructural aberrations. The ultrastructural changes observed were correlated to the capacity for invasion of investigated carcinomas without reducing this basic property of cancer cells to the former.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphogenesis and pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. XVII. Ultrastructure of the experimentally induced granulomas of the rabbit lung.

Experimentally induced lung granulomas of rabbits challenged by complete Freund's adjuvant with human gammaglobulins were ultrastructurally studied at two moments of their evolution: 10 and 20 days. Granulomas were formed even in the first stage, being composed of histiocytic accumulations around capillaries, sometimes dilated, in which the adjuvant lipidic compounds were embolized: hypertrophy of endothelial cytoplasms, lymphocytic insertions with membrane contacts with the histiocytes, an epithelial covering completed this picture. The 20-day granulomas presented intragranulomatous capillaries with hypertrophied endothelia, macrophages and lymphocytes; the pericapillary granulomatous tissue showed many epithelioid cells with mitochondria and numerous cytoplasmic vesicles of different densities (among them "grey vesicles"), and long cytoplasmic digitations; some histiocytes had an epithelioid aspect. A large granulous alveolocyte was sometimes present at the granuloma periphery. The perinodular veins evinced hypertrophied endothelia with many pinocytotic vesicles and coated caveolae expressing the processing of engulfed transported particles; fibroblasts were active near veins.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alveolar macrophagic reactions. III. Stereotyped development of alveolar responses to intratracheally administered agents.

Kinetics of alveolar macrophagic reactions was quantitatively studied at the endoalveolar and parietoalveolar levels after challenge by a single intratracheal administration of several agents, such as mineral dusts, antigenic particles, hormones and drugs. The follow up of all the induced alveolar reactions evidenced their basic character and their stereotyped development irrespective of the challenge. From among the tried substances, heparin and euphylline were chosen for the following experiment due to their stimulatory effects towards the alveolar macrophagic reactions in which they seem to act like chemical mediators. Rabbits with alveolar macrophagic reactions induced by 3 intratracheal injections of aluminum silicate were daily treated with heparin or euphylline: the stimulatory effects of the added drugs obviously contributed to the promotion and prolongation of the increased macrophagic reactions both at the endoalveolar and parietoalveolar levels. The phases of these stereotyped alveolar macrophagic reactions and the involvement of circulation monocytes and of mesenchymal interstitial cells are discussed considering the alveolus as a whole.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The carcinomatous transformation of bronchial carcinoids.

A series of 142 bronchial carcinoids studied on repeated endoscopic biopsies and surgical specimens (mostly lobectomies) was revised in order to distinguish the cases in which an increasing malignancy occurred and evolved up to the transformation into lung carcinomas. Twenty-one cases (14.79 per cent) were marked out (Table 1), of which ten were atypical carcinoids with increasing nuclear anaplasia (hyperchromaticity, pleomorphic and monstrous nuclei, prominent nucleoli), mitoses, sometimes presence of intracytoplasmic keratin granules, etc.; three of these cases presented liver, lymph node or rib metastases with histotypical structures. Ten bronchial carcinoids were carcinomatously transformed: four cases were macrocellular (large cell anaplastic) carcinomas, two other epidermoid ones and four became cylindrocubic carcinomas: all these malignantly transformed carcinoids presented transition areas between the carcinoid and the carcinomatous structures. In a last case, the bronchial carcinoid coexisted with a macrocellular carcinoma developed extrabronchially without overt structural relationships. None of the investigated cases became a macrocellular (oat cell) carcinoma.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchiolar pathology. IV. a morphometric analysis of the incidence and location of lesions induced in rabbits by intratracheally injected detergent solutions.

An experimental model of bronchiolar lesions was elaborated. It consisted of three intratracheal administrations in rabbits of 2 ml of a 3 per cent detergent solution, pH 2.5-3; the adequate development of the process was induced when the second injection was given 48 h after the first and the third on days 5-6. The induced process evolved during three phases: a) hypertrophy with hyperfunction of Clara cells, cell beheading by apo- and merocrinia and denudation of basement membranes; b) lesions of subepithelial components, mainly of capillaries, with granulative response and restructuration of the peribronchiolar tissue, and c) tardy regenerative response of epithelial cells, sometimes with neoformation of bronchioli. The morphometric analysis of this experimental process asserted the validity of the model which led to damages involving at less 70 per cent of the bronchioli (under 200 epithelial nuclei on a circumferential section) and of the small bronchi (with 200-500 epithelia nuclei); the other small and large bronchi were never involved. The morphometric analysis also showed the relations of the intervals between injections to the lesional intensity and stereotyping.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Giant cell carcinoma of the lung. A quantitative and histogenetic analysis of eight new cases.

An analysis of the so-called giant cell carcinoma of the lung was performed in the light of eight new cases (five macrocellular and three cylindrocubic carcinomas) with different proportions of giant cells, and of a quantitative study of giant cells within the structure of 60 lung carcinomas, fifteen of each basic type of proliferation. Taking into account these data and those of the literature, it was concluded that giant cell carcinomas do not form either a basic type or a variant (subtype) of one of the lung carcinoma types, as suggested by WHO's typing (macrocellular). They represent, in author's conception, only particular forms of neoplastic proliferation in the lung, in which special conditions arising during the prolonged promotion phase influence mitosis, differentiation and/or maturation and modulation of cells composing the proliferating neoplastic foci. The large variations in the amount of giant cells also reflect these intervening actions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathology of the middle lobe syndromes. A histopathological and pathogenetic analysis of sixty surgically-cured cases.

During the last 10 years the pathological substrate of the middle lobe syndrome was analysed in 60 surgically cured cases aged 7-59: there were 36 lung chronic suppurations, 20 neoplasias and 4 tuberculoses. In all these cases it was shown that, together with the specific lesions (infectious, tuberculosis, neoplastic) of bronchial walls and lung parenchyma a more or less obvious and high bronchial obstruction developed leading to obstructive pneumonitis with intralobular lipospongiocytosis. Investigated at different evolutive phases, this pneumonitis led to an extended restructuring of the lung tissue which occupied differently sized areas of the middle lobe. In the neoplastic and tuberculous cases, the restructured lung areas often included neoplastic emboli or infiltrations of neoplastic cells, or, respectively, remnant, reshuffled tuberculous lesions. None of cases presented zones of pure atelectasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphogenesis and pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. XVIII. Influence of cyclophosphamide on the evolution toward fibrosis of experimental lung granulomas: a quantitative analysis.

The stereotyped evolution toward fibrosis of lung granulomas induced in rabbits by an intravenous injection of the complete Freund adjuvant was analysed under the influence of a prolonged treatment with cyclophosphamide. While the histopathological picture of untreated rabbits showed a progressive evolution toward fibrosis of experimental lung granulomas, cyclophosphamide administration (1.5 mg/kg body, daily for three weeks) reduced the number of granuloma cells on the surface unit and the density of reticulin fibrils up to statistically significant values.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bronchiolar pathology. III. Lung tissue restructuration by experimental bronchiolar lesions.

Repeated intratracheal administration of neutral or acid solutions of the detergent Perlan blue in rabbits determined intralobular damage of bronchioli and of the bronchiolo-alveolar passages. This lesional process was followed by regenerating proliferative responses of the bronchiolar epithelial cells and by the development of a granulation tissue due to proliferation of the damaged endothelia. The granulation tissue delimited the damaged area and led to the restructuration of a wide lung tissue area. The lesional process was progressive and its extension and intensity depended on the repeated injection of the detergent solution and mainly on its acidity. The above technique might be considered as an experimental model for bronchiolar pathology.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphogenesis and pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. VIII. Cellularization of lung interlobular areas as a preliminary phase of peribronchovascular fibrosis.

An experimental investigation of the lung interlobular areas was performed by elicitation of rabbits with antigens (aspergillar and human-serum proteins) administered in aerosols or intramuscularly in Freund's adjuvant. The cell accumulations in the interlobular areas developed irrespective of the antigen, duration of exposure and route of administration. The cells accumulated (reticulo-lymphoid, plasma cells, eosinocytes) were counted and the areal surface measured. The total cell count and the proportion of plasma cells appeared to be related to time, dose and antigenicity of the proteins administered. Fibrillogenesis was also observed between cells in the interlobular areas during prolonged administration of antigens, pointing out the importance of the interlobular lesions in chronic lung processes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphogenesis and pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. XIII. Experimental investigation of pulmonary chronic suppurations.

The main morphogenetic and pathogenetic elements of pulmonary chronic suppurations were experimentally investigated in rabbits. The animals were sensitized by blood way with complete Freund adjuvant containing serum proteins, which determined a nodular and diffuse granulomatous reaction in the pulmonary tissue. The perturbing agent of the model system was a maintained immediate type hypersensitivity reaction produced by an excess of intrapulmonary antigen accumulation after an intratracheal injection of the same agent with antigens in excess. The animals sacrificed 15, 30 and 45 days after the intratracheal challenge presented a wide and progressive cellulofibrous restructuring of the lung tissue with exclusion of lung areas, persistence of granulocytic foci, release of lactic-dehydrogenase, chronic vascular lesions and diffuse fibrosclerosis. The importance of the persisting antigens which maintain the Arthus type hypersensitivity reaction, of vascular chronic lesions determined by the blood transport of deleterious products and by immunopathologic phenomena, as well as of the cellulo-fibrous proliferation, are emphasized as elements of autoaggressive processes with common and immune components, all contributing to the chronic evolution of pulmonary suppurations.

Animals↗