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Biomedical subjects

A Drouet

Publications and source records attributed to A Drouet.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial anomalies. Clinical, histological, biochemical and genetic analysis (9 cases)].

We report the clinical signs and histological findings in nine patients with mitochondrial ocular myopathies. There were four males and five females. Of age ranging from 47 to 82 years. A more often asymetrical ptosis was in all cases of chronic progressive external ophtalmoplegia (CPEO), but muscle weakness in limbs was not usual. The prognosis in this group was good, but ubidecarenone (150 mg/d) used for two cases, did not improve ophtalmoplegia. The serum creatine kinase was normal in eight of nine cases and electromyography showed myopathic changes in three cases. Histoenzymatic analysis of the muscle biopsy and biochemical studies of mitochondria isolated from the muscle sample demonstrated mitochondrial myopathy associated with partial deficiency of complexes I and/or IV of the electron transfer chain. One of seven patients studied had single deletion by Southern blot analysis, in a heteroplasmic state and another an A-->G transition at position 3243 within the mitochondrial tRNA leu (UUR) gene. Chronic progressive external ophtalmoplegia, without large deletion, may have abnormality in other coding regions of mt DNA such as tRNA, rRNA or protein genes.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Late post-irradiation cervical spinal cord disease. A case].

A case of delayed progressive radiation myelitis (DPRM) which begin 11 months after naso pharyngeal carcinoma radiation, in a young man, is reported. The initial manifestation is often a Brown-Sequard's syndrome progressing to complete and permanent myelopathy, with notable absence of localized or radicular pain. The parenchymal change of the spinal cord in radiation myelopathy can be easily visualized with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) however there may be cases in which MRI appearance alone does not distinguish specially between tumor and radiation necrosis with absolute confidence: therefore, DPRM is by necessity a diagnosis of exclusion, based on clinical, paraclinical results and course of disease. Corticosteroid therapy is accompanied by a significant remission of symptoms. The evolution is characterized by a worse prognosis, prevention is absolutely necessary based on perfect radiation technic, knowledge on tolerance of spinal cord to irradiation (time-dose-volume factors) and other risks factors (chemotherapy, age and vascular disease).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Mitochondrial encephalopathies with late disclosure and predominant involvement of central nervous system].

We report three cases of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy affecting predominantly the central nervous system; two patients had the MELAS syndrome and one had "ophthalmoplegia plus". Histoenzymatic analysis of muscle biopsy and biochemical studies of muscle mitochondria demonstrated myopathy associated with partial deficiency of complex I of the electron transfer chain in three cases, complex IV in two cases and complex III in one case. Molecular analysis of mtDNA in the first case did not revealed any abnormality. Coenzyme Q10 therapy improved exercise tolerance but not the central nervous signs.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Hypothyroid hypertrophic myopathy in adults related to chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. A case].

The authors report a case of hypothyroid hypertrophic myopathy which reveal chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. This entity est uncommon, can be the most important sign of hypothyroidism and cure after the institution of thyroid hormone replacement therapy. The E. M. G. is usually myopathic and serum muscle markers (myoglobin and enzymes) increased. Pathologic studies of muscle show caracteritic but non specific and inconstant abnormalities. Hypothyroid myopathy could be caused by a mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation deficiency or changes in muscle contractile properties (both in fibre type proportion and in the properties of the muscle contractile proteins).

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Meningoencephalitis after vaccination against yellow fever with the 17 D strain: 2 cases].

The authors report two cases of meningoencephalitis consecutive to immunization with the 17 D yellow fever virus in adults. This complication is exceptional; the rare cases previously reported usually occurred in children. The meningoencephalitis had no particular clinical features; it was more severe in our second case but nevertheless followed a favourable course, as usually described in the literature. The pathogenesis of these central nervous system reactions is unclear. In our two cases the vaccine seems to have acted synergistically with another neurotropic virus (adenovirus in the first case, unknown virus in the second) which was either pre-existing and latent or occurring de novo.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Subtyping familial schizophrenia: reliability, concordance, and stability.

This report examines the reliability, concordance, and long-term stability of the subtypes of schizophrenia defined by four major diagnostic systems (DSM-III, DSM-III-R, ICD-10, and Tsuang-Winokur criteria) and rated both for the first hospitalization and for a best estimate diagnosis reflecting lifetime evolution of symptomatology. Schizophrenics studied belonged to two samples of multiply affected families, namely a sample selected in France and a sample of non-metropolitan French identified in the island of La Réunion. ICD-10 and DSM-III-R show opposite stringency regarding subtyping of schizophrenia, with DSM-III-R having a narrow and ICD-10 a broader definition of specific subtypes. Long-term stability of each subtype was fairly good, stability being the highest for hebephrenics and only intermediate for paranoid and undifferentiated subtypes. Comparison of two different cultural and geographical regions reveals an overall similarity of subtype frequencies in familial schizophrenia. The implications of the results for the choice of diagnostic procedures in family studies of schizophrenia are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Blood donors positive for HBsAg and negative for anti-HBc antibody.

From January 1980 to December 1983, 989,907 blood donations were screened for HBsAg. A total of 1,345 was found HBsAg positive; 33 of whom were negative for anti-HBc (2.45%); in 10 cases HBeAg was present at a low level along with HBsAg. 2 of the 33 subjects were lost to follow-up. Late serum samples were available for 28 blood donors, and clinical and biological data only were known for the 3 others. An evolution of HBV markers was observed in each case; anti-HBc antibody became positive in 24 subjects (the 4 remaining subjects had a very short follow-up); HBeAg was positive at a high titer in 18 subjects and seroconversion to anti-HBe was observed in 7 individuals; HBsAg concentration increased in 21 subjects from 2 to 4,000 times and decreased in the 7 others. Seroconversion to anti-HBs was observed in 8 individuals. According to these serological, biological and clinical findings, different outcomes were observed: in 6 subjects too short a follow-up was available to allow appropriate classification, but there was evidence to suggest all probably developed clinical hepatitis; in 6 subjects asymptomatic hepatitis with rapid loss of HBsAg occurred; in 2 subjects asymptomatic hepatitis with the persistence of HBsAg at a low level and seroconversion to anti-HBe occurred; and in 17 subjects clinical hepatitis developed. These observations establish that most of the 33 blood donors were infectious at the time of their blood donation, and that anti-HBc antibody screening must not replace HBsAg screening for blood donations.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Aging of cylinders excised from pulp tissues of the ;golden delicious' apple.

Aging cylinders excised from ;Golden Delicious' apple (Pyrus malus L.) pulp, like the intact fruit, exhibit some characteristic phenomena such as rise in respiration (climacteric), ethylene synthesis, enzymic changes, and increase in ribosomes and mRNA. Aging of cylinders of pulp tissues may offer a useful physiological tool for the study of maturation and senescence.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Polyribosomes from aging apple and cherry fruit.

The sequence of events which occurs during the ripening of the Passe-Crassane pear fruit have been previously studied. In this work, we have investigated the ripening of another climacteric fruit (Pyrus malus L. cv Golden Delicious) and of a nonclimacteric fruit (Prunus avium L. cv Bigarreau Napoléon). We show that both climacteric fruits exhibit the same preclimacteric sequence of events. Differences exist, however, between the Golden Delicious apple and the Passe-Crassane pear in that the protein synthesis capacity of the two fruits is not the same during the over-ripening period. On the other hand, a nonclimacteric fruit, the Bigarreau Napoléon cherry, does not show an increase in its protein synthesis capacity during the over-ripening period.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Polyribosomes from Pear Fruit: II. CHANGES OCCURRING IN PULP TISSUES DURING RIPENING AND SENESCENCE.

Detailed analyses of polysome profiles from lyophilized pulp tissues of pear fruits (Pyrus communis L. cv. Passe-Crassane) at different stages of ripening and senescence, and estimates of the amount of polysomal-associated mRNA, lead to the conclusions that during senescence (ripening), the ripening and the over-ripening processes can clearly be separated and respectively linked to the first and the second increase in the large mRNA species. Ethylene synthesis which occurs at the beginning of a normal ripening at 15 degrees C after a cold storage or an ethephon treatment is related to an increase in mRNA and ribosomal material found only in pulp tissues. Finally, we suggest that in the pear fruit, the sequence of events which occurs during senescence (ripening) is initiated by two systems which regulate ethylene biogenesis, and that the first system is efficient only at low temperatures (from 0 to 4 degrees C).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Polyribosomes from Pear Fruit: Changes during Ripening and Senescence.

Polysome profiles were examined from lyophilized peel tissue of ripening pear (Pyrus communis, L. var. Passe-Crassane). Messenger RNA chains bearing up to eight ribosomes (octamers) were resolved and exhibited the highest absorption peak when ribonuclease activity was eliminated during extraction. Neither normal ripening nor the increase of large polyribosomes that normally accompanies ripening and senescence of the fruit occurred when pretreatment at 0 C was omitted. Normal ripening and increase of large polyribosomes would, however, be initiated by an ethylene treatment. The size distribution of the polyribosomes remained essentially constant throughout a 4-month cold storage; there was, however, a large increase in ribosomes by the 12th week of storage.

Journal Article↗