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Biomedical subjects

A Drouet

Publications and source records attributed to A Drouet.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Neuritic leprosy disclosed by reversal reaction].

We report a case of neuritic borderline tuberculoid leprosy with lingering insidious growth disclosed by a brutal reversal reaction. Inflammatory polyarthralgia and sensory and motor loss in the median and ulnar territories, without skin lesions, suggested vasculitis. A few weeks later, inflammatory skin lesions developed leading to the diagnosis of biopsy proven leprosy. Leprosy should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients with multineuritis, especially when associated with rheumatic or cutaneous manifestations. Early skin biopsy in neuritic leprosy is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Recurrent rhabdomyolysis revealing chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the biceps].

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE AND PATIENT: To report, an uncommon case of recurrent effort-related biceps compartment syndrome induced by strengthening exercises (body building) in a thirty-years-old white man. DISCUSSION-CONCLUSION: compartment syndrome is typically observed in the lower leg or in the forearm with pain, muscle tightness, cramp-like feeling during exertion. The involvement of the biceps was only described after traumatisms. Patient was initially thought to have metabolic myopathy because acute episodes of exercise induced myalgia and elevated serum CK. Tissue pressure monitoring prior and after a standard exercise test is helpful for diagnosing the recurrent form. The only alternative to fasciotomy is to stop sports activities.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Anterior compartment syndrome of the forearm caused by exercise: unusual cause of recurrent episodes of acute effort rhabdomyolysis].

INTRODUCTION: An effort-related compartmental syndrome is well known in the leg, but may be present infrequently, acutely or chronically in the anterior compartment of the forearm. EXEGESIS: We report a case of a 32-year-old man who presented four times after climbing exercises a bilateral compartment of the forearm, unusual because of the observation of rhabdomyolysis, but without irreversible damage. Clinical information and follow-up on two acute and 14 chronic cases were reexamined, showing a homogenous presentation. He refused fasciotomy because he stopped athletic activities. Measurement of intramuscular pressure after exertion was useful for diagnosis. CONCLUSION: A local effort-related pain must call to mind a chronic compartment syndrome of the forearm, which may risk incurring the acute form, with irreversible lesions of muscle and nerve, and possibly renal failure because of rhabdomyolysis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Transformation of mycosis fungoides to pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma and central nervous system involvement].

INTRODUCTION: Although mycosis fungoides is a malignant T-cell lymphoma involving mainly the skin, neurological complications are possible, with a poor prognosis. EXEGESIS: A 59-year-old man, treated for mycosis fungoides with transformation to a pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma for 1 year, was seen for mental status changes with confusion. A brain parenchyma localisation was found. CONCLUSION: This observation emphasizes the exceptional neurological tropism in the patients with mycosis fungoides. A transformation to a more aggressive cutaneous T-cell lymphoma seems necessary to induce a central nervous system involvement.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

[Multiple intracranial and intraspinal meningiomas successively discovered in the absence of neurofibromatosis: 2 cases].

Multiple meningiomas in different neuroaxial compartments are quite rare. We describe the case of a 44-year-old woman who developed three intracranial meningiomas and 8 years later a T3 dorsal meningioma. Histologically, the frontal and dorsal tumors appeared as benign psammomatouss meningiomas. Both tumors were removed successfully. The second patient was a 31-year-old woman who developed right benign fronto-parietal transitional meningioma. She presented local and spheno-orbital recurrences, then a lombo-sacral lesion. The histological picture worsened from benign to malignant with multiple recurrences. Several mechanisms could account for multiple meningiomas. Such meningiomas could arise from a single primary tumor via subarachnoidal spread of a benign or malignant nature. Alternatively, they could be atypical forms of neurofibromatosis type 2 or tumors with a multifocal origin.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Molecular cloning and functional expression of a stress-induced multifunctional O-methyltransferase with pinosylvin methyltransferase activity from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.).

Formation of pinosylvin (PS) and pinosylvin 3-O-monomethyl ether (PSM), as well as the activities of stilbene synthase (STS) and S-adenosyl-1-methionine (SAM):pinosylvin O-methyltransferase (PMT), were induced strongly in needles of Scots pine seedlings upon ozone treatment, as well as in cell suspension cultures of Scots pine upon fungal elicitation. A SAM-dependent PMT protein was purified and partially characterised. A cDNA encoding PMT was isolated from an ozone-induced Scots pine cDNA library. Southern blot analysis of the genomic DNA suggested the presence of a gene family. The deduced protein sequence showed the typical highly conserved regions of O-methyltransferases (OMTs), and average identities of 20-56% to known OMTs. PMT expressed in Escherichia coli corresponded to that of purified PMT (40 kDa) from pine cell cultures. The recombinant enzyme catalysed the methylation of PS, caffeic acid, caffeoyl-CoA and quercetin. Several other substances, such as astringenin, resveratrol, 5-OH-ferulic acid, catechol and luteolin, were also methylated. Recombinant PMT thus had a relatively broad substrate specificity. Treatment of 7-year old Scots pine trees with ozone markedly increased the PMT mRNA level. Our results show that PMT represents a new SAM-dependent OMT for the methylation of stress-induced pinosylvin in Scots pine needles.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Gene induction of stilbene biosynthesis in Scots pine in response to ozone treatment, wounding, and fungal infection.

The S-adenosyl-L-methionine:pinosylvin-O-methyltransferase (PMT) gene was sequenced from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). The open reading frame is arranged in two exons spaced by one 102-bp intron. Promoter regulatory elements such as two "CAAT" boxes and one "TATA" box were identified. Several cis-regulatory elements were recognized: stress-responsive elements (Myb-responsive elements) as well as G, H, and GC boxes. Moreover, elicitor-responsive elements (W boxes) and a sequence resembling the simian virus 40 enhancer core were found. In phloem and needles of control trees, the transcripts of stilbene synthase (STS) and PMT were hardly detectable. Increased ozone fumigation up to 0.3 microL L(-1) enhanced the transcript level of STS and PMT in needles but not in healthy phloem. Wounding, e.g. mock inoculation, of stem-phloem was characterized by a transient increase in STS and PMT transcripts, which was more pronounced in the case of fungal inoculation. Combination of fungal-challenge or mock treatment with ozone resulted in a positive interaction at 0.3 microL L(-1). Scots pine stilbene formation appeared to be induced via STS and PMT gene expression upon ozone and fungal stress as well as wounding. The broad stress-responsiveness is in agreement with the range of various cis-acting elements detected in the STS and PMT promoters.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed2000

[Retroclival hematoma in a patient taking oral anticoagulants].

Retroclival hematoma associated with anticoagulation. We report a case of retroclival hematoma associated with anticoagulant therapy in a 78-year-old-woman, who presented with an isolated left external ophthalmoplegia. The role of the anticoagulant therapy is discussed. There was a spontaneous neurological resolution.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Mitochondrial diabetes complicated by or associated with "MELAS" syndrome?].

We report the case of fifty-two year-old mentally deficient female who presented with diabetes mellitus, deafness, stroke-like episodes, cardiomyopathy, and macular pattern dystrophy of the retina. Her brain exhibited calcification within basal ganglia, lactacidaemia was not increased. Although her skeletal muscles had never been clinically impaired, a quadriceps biopsy led to the diagnosis of mitochondrial disease because it exhibited ragged red fibers and heteroplasmic point-mutation at position 3243 of the mitochondrial DNA, although not any detectable respiratory chain complex deficiency was found. The mutant percentage in muscle was 70 p.100 and 5 to 10 p.100 in leukocytes. The question of whether a diabetic microangiopathy may be responsible stroke-like episodes is discussed. We suggest it was rather a complicated form of diabetes-deafness than a incomplete MELAS syndrome associated with mitochondrial diabetes.

Brain↗
PubMed1999

[Cerebral intravascular lymphoma during T CD4+ idiopathic lymphopenia syndrome].

BACKGROUND: Intravascular lymphoma is a proliferation of lymphoid cells, usually B cells, in small vessels, predominantly in the nervous system and skin. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a man with a 3-year history of lymphopenia with no detectable etiology (all viral causes were ruled out) who developed intravascular lymphoma in the cerebral vessels. DISCUSSION: This case was particular as the patient had idiopathic CD4+ lymphopenia. It points out the probable role of immunodepression in the development of lymphomas, particularly in endovascular localizations.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Polyradicular lesion revealing ankylosing spondylarthritis].

INTRODUCTION: Radicular manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis are rare and observed in the course of long-term ankylosing spondylitis. EXEGESIS: The case of a young man who presented with bilateral and multiple radicular involvement is reported. Neurological symptoms occur a few weeks before ankylosing spondylitis was diagnosed. CONCLUSION: This suggests that nerve root lesions might take place during initial stages of the disease. The role of inflammatory changes in the region of the intervertebral foramina is discussed. Disease evolution is marked by relief of neurological disorders in response to anti-inflammatory treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma in HIV patients. MRI aspects].

We report a case of an immunocompetent man who developed primary spinal intramedullary malignant lymphoma. This condition occurs in about 0.9 p. 100 of primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin lymphomas in non-AIDS patients. Magnetic resonance imaging was nonspecific but suggestive. Like the brain localization, prognosis is poor. Because of the high frequency of recurrence, usually confined to the central nervous system with neuraxis dissemination, treatment must be delivered to the entire neuraxis. But more effective treatment strategies with radiotherapy-chemotherapy combinations will be needed. Feasibility and toxicity patterns remain to be determined.

Brain↗
PubMed1998

[Myositis ossificans circumscripta and sequelae of muscular ischemia. 2 cases].

INTRODUCTION: Non-traumatic myositis ossificans circumscripta is a relatively rare, well defined entity. The pathogenic role of ischemia in its development is discussed. EXEGESIS: We report two cases of myositis ossificans circumscripta that occurred in the hamstring muscle respectively 22 and 35 years after ischemic muscular injury in the same site. Clinical and radiologic informations and follow-up were reexamined, showing that patients are usually young and that the disease is equally distributed between both genders. Though the lesion may develop in various muscle, it is preferentially observed in proximal sites. Most patients have a history of localized pain or tenderness accompanied by swelling of the affected site. Following a 5- to 12-week increase, the soft-tissue mass is less sensitive and better defined. It may also resolve in less than 3 years. CONCLUSION: Results of X rays, computerized tomography, MR imaging and biopsy are reviewed. Histologically, this lesion main feature is peripheral bone maturation within three areas. Mechanisms (traumatic or not) underlying these lesions are unknown. To our knowledge, only one published case would be comparable to ours. Proliferation followed by change in mesenchymal cells leading to heterotopic ossification must be regarded as a consequence of either ischemia or repeated micro-trauma occurring during muscle shortening.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1998

[Benign intracranial hypertension and chronic hypervitaminosis A].

We report a case of benign intracranial hypertension due to chronic A-hypervitaminosis and a review of literature with 30 cases in adults and adolescents. The most prominent clinical features are: predominance of young women with normal weight and cured for acne; benign intracranial hypertension without other symptoms in half of cases; wide difference of daily doses and time of continuous intake. Prognosis for vitamin A intoxication is good, when intake of vitamin is discontinued. We reviewed five cases of benign intracranial hypertension due to retinoic acid. The mechanism of vitamin A neurotoxicity is still unknown.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[MELAS syndrome with pure vascular manifestation?].

Two stroke-like episodes then a grand mal seizure occurred within nine years in a 42-year-old patient. Neuroradiological findings (CT-scan and MRI) led to the diagnosis of incomplete MELAS syndrome. MRI with T2-weighted images (TR: 1000ms; TE: 35ms) showed two small asignal lesions possibly resulting from hemosiderine. Metabolic studies are required to help decide on muscular biopsies. Histological findings are needed for diagnosis of this form of mitochondrial cytopathy with only stroke-like manifestations.

Adult↗