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Biomedical subjects

A Doenicke

Publications and source records attributed to A Doenicke.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Histamine release in dogs by Cremophor E1 and its derivatives: oxethylated oleic acid is the most effective constituent.

Several preparations of Cremophor E1, several of other non-ionic detergents and several components of Cremophor E1 were tested for their histamine-releasing capacity in dogs. Lutensol AP 10 and a derivative of 1,2-propylenglycol were ineffective, but showed excellent properties as detergents. Thus the histamine-releasing capacity was not necessarily combined with the tenside effect of the surfactants. Oleic acid found in Tween 80 as well as in Cremophor E1 seems to be the most effective constituent, but the alcohol seems also to be important for the histamine-releasing capacity. The development of a non-toxic solubilizer for lipophilic drugs seems of considerable clinical interest.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[The hypnotic effect of fentanyl and sulfentanil. An electro-encephalographic comparison (author's transl)].

1. Electroencephalographic activity was registered in healthy subjects before, during and 90 minutes after intravenous injections of sufentanil and fentanyl. 2. With a dosage of ratio of 1:10, i.e., 0.025 mg/70 kg body weight sufentanil: 0.25 mg/70 kg body weight fentanyl as well as 0.015 mg/70 kg body weight sufentanil: 0.15 mg/70 kg body weight fentanyl, sufentanil was hypnotically more potent from fentanyl. 3. Sufentanil acts more powerfully on the respiratory regulation than does fentanyl. Periods of apnoea occur more frequently but can be interrupted by external psychophysiological stimulation. 4. The evaluation of indices of certain EEG-waves, characterizing well defined electroencephalographic stages corresponding to the waking-sleeping-behaviour confirmed the visual over-all analysis of the EEG-stages. 5. Physiological observations on heartrate, systemic blood pressure, rapid eye movements during wakefulness, and slow eye movements during sleepiness showed no reliable differences between sufentanil and fentanil. The systematically documented symptoms and vegetative signs of subjects also showed neither differences nor side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Anaphylactoid reactions following administration of plasma substitutes in man. Prevention of this side-effect of haemaccel by premedication with H1- and H2-receptor antagonists (author's transl)].

In a randomized controlled single blind trial in 50 volunteers the problem was investigated whether a combination of dimethpyrindene (0.1 mg/kg b.w.) and cimetidine (10 mg/kg b.w.) could prevent anaphylactoid or allergoid reactions following Haemaccel infusion. In the control group 6 anaphylactoid and 9 allergoid reactions were observed, in the H1 + H2-group, however, none of those reactions occured. No single wheal could be detected. It is considered appropriate to recommend the general use premedication of an H1 + H2-blocker before all anaesthetics and operations. This mainly depends on further clinical trials with the antihistaminic drugs concerning their side-effects under various conditions.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1977

[Prevention and treatment of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage with cimetidine and somatostatin in intensiv care patients (author's transl)].

Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage is a severe problem in patients in surgical intensive care units. Good experimental and clinical results are reported with somatostatin (somatotropin release inhibitoring factor) and cimetidine (H2-receptor antagonist) in prevention and treatment of acute gastrointestinal bleeding, by blocking gastric acid secretion. These experiences are confirmed with an open trial in 13 seriously ill surgical patients. First of all cimetidine can be recommended because of its mode of action and application.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Comparative study of histamine liberation after administration of anesthetic substances, curare agents and plasma substitutes in man].

The authors studied in 270 volunteers histamine liberation after administration of drugs. Definite histamine liberation was noted after propanidide, pentothal, methohexital, Alfatesine, and also after muscle relaxants including pancuronium bromide. Until now, among all the substances studies, both clinically and in the laboratory, after 4 years, only etomidate, according to their personal experience is not a histamine liberator. Similar results were observed after ketamine, but also after administration of Atosil (Phenergan) fenestil (Dimethendène) and Trasylol (Zymofren). As far as plasma susbtitutes are concerned, the search for mediators of the anaphylactoid and anaphylactic reactions should be considered in a differential way.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1977

[A new trend?].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1976

[Non-resecting surgery for gastroduodenal ulcer. II. Indication and technique (author's transl)].

The indication for the non-resecting combination method arises if the presence of genuine ulcer disease is confirmed by complete diagnostic measures (history, roentgenologic examination, endoscopy, secretion analysis and possibly psychic testing). An extended indication exists for erosive gastritis with hypersecretion, for hiatal hernia with reflux esophagitis (Berman's syndrome), for cardiospasm and prophylaxis of hemorrhage. The technique yields permanent curative results if a complete selective proximal vagotomy is combined with a pyloroplasty suitable in form and function. This is also true for duodenal ulcer. In 22% of cases of gastric ulcer, selective vagotomy with antrectomy is necessary.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1976

Anaesthesia and the reticulo-endothelial system: Comparison of halothane-nitrous oxide and neuroleptanalgesia.

The effect of halothane anaesthesia and neuroleptanalgesia (NLA) on the phagocytic activity of the reticulo-endothelial system (RES) was investigated with the aid of the Lipofundin clearance test. The results suggest that halothane in nitrous oxide depresses the phagocytic activity of the RES. NLA did not exert a depressant effect on the RES function. As it is essential for the body to be in a defensive condition to cope adequately with infensive condition to cope adequately with infection and cancer metastases, care must be taken to ensure that an anaesthetic procedure does not cause additional impairment of RES function. The results of the investigations suggest that NLA may have advantages in this respect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Histamine release in human subjects by modified gelatin (Haemaccel) and dextran: an explanation for anaphylactoid reactions observed under clinical conditions?

Histamine release by modified gelatin (Haemaccel) and dextran (Macrodex) has been demonstrated in volunteers by direct and indirect methods. In a pilot study of Haemaccel, histamine release was observed in six of seven volunteers. The highest plasma histamine concentration was 4.8 ng/ml, the lowest 1.7 ng/ml: two of the subjects showed slight allergic reactions. Using Haemaccel batch 2551, 10 out of 12 subjects reacted to the rapid infusion of Haemaccel with increased plasma histamine concentrations, whereas none reacted to Ringer's solution. None of the 10 subjects had an allergic reaction, but an increase in gastric secretion was observed in eight. Changes in the venous basophil granulocyte count were found in both those who reacted and those who did not react to Haemaccel. After the rapid infusion of dextran the highest plasma histamine concentration was 5.0 ng/ml, the lowest 1.3 ng/ml. The withdrawal of blood had no influence on plasma histamine concentration. The incidences of histamine release produced by Haemaccel varied with different batches. Thus, it seems unlikely that immunological mechanisms are principally responsible. Nine instances of allergic and anaphylactoid reactions to plasma substitutes have been reported, seven after Haemaccel infusion, and two after dextran administration. One of the patients who received dextran died. Histamine release was always associated with Haemaccel infusion and corresponded in extent to the clinical symptoms observed, but there was no significant histamine release associated with the reactions to dextran.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[In vivo blood histamine during anesthesia].

The authors studied the variations in histaminaemia in the plasma on the one hand, and in whole blood on the other hand: In volunteers:-after administration of histamine in an intravenous infusion ranging from 18 to 90 ng/min/kg;-after administration of thiopental, methohexital and propanidide. In volunteers, by means of the different parameters measured, the authors found that the mean plasma concentration was 0.69 +/- 0.26 ng/ml. In the whole blood, the histaminaemia was 54 +/- 18 ng/ml. The perfusion of histamine up to 45 ng/kg/min led to no symptomatology in 3 volunteers. Propanidide led to an average increase of 350 p. 100 in the initial normal figure of plasma histaminaemia approximately 5 minutes after the beginning of the injection. But there is no agreement between the figures obtained and the clinical signs (tachycardia, mild hypotension). The injection of thiopental led to an analagous symptomatology: i.e. tachycardia and mild hypotension, arising before the maximum increase in plasma histaminaemia. Methohexital, and althesin are also histamine-liberators. Only estomidate, a new pure hypnotic product as yet not commercialised, did not lead to histamine-liberation.

Basophils↗
PubMed1976

[Interference between histamine liberation and drugs used in anesthesiology. Prevention and treatment of the complications of histamine liberation].

The authors report the complications associated with the administration of some anaesthetics using propanidide. In one of the controls, premedication using an antihistamine was sufficient to avoid, during a third administration of propanidide, complications which included a fall in blood pressure and which had occurred when the second anaesthetic had been given. In one patient with high plasma histamine concentrations, circulatory arrest occurred during the second and third anaesthetic, despite meclastinum. Only the addition of a glucocorticoid to the premedication made possible an anaesthetic without problems. During a third propanidide anaesthetic given to this same patient, we were able to confirm our hypothesis by a premedication combining meclastinum and a glucocorticoid, despite the high plasma histamine level found. In certain other cases, however, plasma histimine concentration did not increase despite the development of erythema and urticaria of the face and neck. Serious complications were successfully dealt with using a combination of glucocorticoids, adrenaline derivatives and an antihistamine.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1976

[Electrical stimulation anaesthesia in abdominal surgery in special consideration of selective proximal vagotomie (author's transl)].

107 abdominal operations were performed using in a combined electrostimulating anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was indued by etomidate (about 15 mg) and fentanly (about 0,2 mg). After administration of pancuronium (5-7 mg) intubation was performed. During continuous intermittent relaxation anaesthesia was maintained by a mixture of nitrous oxide/oxygen 4:2 (in poor risk patients: 3:3) and electrical stimulation at certain body-and ear-points. Electrical stimulation was done using impulse currents with frequencies of 10 to 15 Hz and a current intensity of about 40 mA. During extremly painful periods of operations 30% of the patients showed maximal heart rates and only in 5% of cases did blood pressure exceed preoperative values by about 50%. Especially in poor risk pateints the results of electro-stimulating anaesthesia are excellent. At this time, however, it should not be recommanded as a routine method for general surgery; questions concerning regulating mechanisms need to be answered first.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1975

[Metabolic toxic causes of amnesic episodes (author's transl)].

To analyze disorders of memory functions, observations were made in healthy test subjects after administration of psychotropic drugs and anesthetics. In isolated cases amnesic episodes were recorded and in 8 of the subjects accurate measurements of the retrograde amnesia after propanidid anesthesia were made. The observations provided arguments for the delimitation of the immediate memory (ultra-short-term memory, one minute memory) from short-term memory and long-term memory of the conventional terminology. As a result of our investigations we came to the thesis that the transformation of the non-specific biochemical and electrophysiological processes underlying the immediate memory into the specific processes underlying the short-term memory is more susceptible to disturbances than that of reproduction and the processes serving for perception. With regard to forensic assessment, it is significant that behaviour foreign to the personality could not be observed in amnesic episodes.

Acetamides↗