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Biomedical subjects

A Dietz

Publications and source records attributed to A Dietz.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Tobacco- and alcohol-associated cancer risk of the upper respiratory and digestive tract].

A case-control study of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract conducted in the ENT Departments of the University hospitals of Heidelberg and Giessen (FRG) provided information on the role of chronic tobacco and alcohol consumption as risk factors in 200 patients and 800 control subjects (4:1 matched design).--Only 4.5% of the tumour patients were non-smokers in contrast to 29.5% in the control group. The average tobacco and alcohol consumption in the patients was more than twice that high than in the control subjects. The highest alcohol and tobacco consumption was observed in patients suffering from oropharyngeal cancer.--It could be demonstrated that tobacco as well as alcohol increased the risk for head and neck cancer, in a dose-dependent fashion, as separate risk factors. In heavy smokers (greater than 60 pack years) a relative risk of 23.4 (alcohol-adjusted) was calculated. For heavy drinkers (greater than 100 g ethanol/day) a relative risk of 21.4 (tobacco-adjusted) was documented. Combined alcohol and tobacco consumption showed a synergistic effect and increased the cancer risk more in an multiplicative than in an additive manner: A daily ethanol consumption of more than 75 g/day combined with more than 50 pack years caused a risk value of 146.2.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Auxin Enhancement of mRNAs in Epidermis and Internal Tissues of the Pea Stem and Its Significance for Control of Elongation.

The epidermis has been considered the site of auxin action on elongation of stems and coleoptiles. To try to identify mRNAs that might mediate auxin stimulation of cell enlargement, we compared, using in vitro translation assays, mRNA enhancement by indoleacetic acid (IAA) in the epidermis, with that in the internal tissues, of pea (Pisum sativum L., cv Alaska) third internode segments. We used seedlings that had been grown under red light, which enables the epidermis to be peeled efficiently from the internode. Most of the ;early' IAA enhancements previously reported using etiolated peas, plus several hitherto undescribed enhancements, occur in both the epidermis and the internal tissue of the light-grown plants after 4 hours of IAA treatment. These enhancements, therefore, do not fulfill the expectation of elongation-specific mRNAs localized to the epidermis. One epidermis-specific IAA enhancement does occur, but begins only subsequent to 1 hour (but before 4 hours) of auxin treatment. Similarly, the previously mentioned IAA enhancements common to epidermis and internal tissue do not begin, in the light-grown plants, within 1 hour of IAA treatment. Since IAA stimulates elongation in light-grown internodes within 15 minutes, it appears that none of these mRNAs can be responsible for auxin induction of elongation. We confirmed, with our methods, the previous reports that some of these mRNAs are enhanced by IAA within 0.5 hour in etiolated internodes. This indicates that we could have detected an early enhancement in light-grown tissue had it occurred.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Occipitoatlantoaxial malformation with duplication of the atlas and axis in a half Arabian foal.

An unusual occipitoatlantoaxial malformation is described in a 2-week-old male part Arabian foal that was unable to stand at birth and showed signs of spastic tetraparesis due to a cervical spinal cord compression. There were 2 atlases present. One was fused to the occipital bones. The other articulated with the first atlas and an axis which had a long dens that projected into the vertebral canal. Examination of the ossification centers of the axis indicated partial duplication of that bone.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

Skin manifestations in infants with AIDS.

We have observed a peculiar skin manifestation that resembles cutis marmorata in three patients with AIDS and may be included among the several clinical aspects of AIDS in pediatric patients. One of the three patients died 4 months after the diagnosis. In an another patient, the skin lesion is still present 2 years after appearance.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Cardiac arrhythmias in active elderly persons--age dependence of heart rate and arrhythmias].

Arrhythmias and heart rate of 82 active elderly persons (mean age 79.5 yrs) were registered by 24-hour electrocardiographic recording and compared with the results of 100 asymptomatic subjects (age 34.8 yrs). In each decade 10 men and 10 women were included. Maximal heart rate was lower in old age but over 100 bpm. Minimal and nocturnal heart rates showed a steady rise with increasing age. The mean 24-hour heart rate was higher in middle-aged females than in males, whereas in the elderly no sex-related difference was observed. Sinus arrhythmia, wandering pacemaker, short lengthening of RR-intervals prevailed in younger persons. Short sinus-tachycardias in the late night were equally frequent in both groups. The frequency of supraventricular premature beats did not differ between the two groups (85.4 vs. 76%). However, high intraindividual numbers and more complex forms were more frequent in the elderly. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was never registered. Permanent atrial fibrillation occurred in 41% of the subjects being between 90 and 102 years of age. Ventricular arrhythmias were age-related: 87.2% of the elderly vs. 50% of the middle-age subjects had ventricular premature beats, predominantly frequent and complex forms. A significant age relation to bradycardias could not be observed: Sinus pauses over 2000 ms (11 vs. 17%), first and second degree AV-block (22 vs. 21%) occurred equally frequent in both groups. An intermittent short third degree AV-block was observed in a man 84 years old who was asymptomatic. Right bundle branch block was present only in the elderly (6.1%). No arrhythmia-related increase of mortality was observed during a seven-year follow-up.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Two groups of capsule-specific coliphages coding for RNA polymerases with new promoter specificities.

Four bacteriophages (A16, CK235, phi 1.2 and K31) which specifically attack different encapsulated strains of Escherichia coli have been shown to be related to bacteriophage T7 (which is unable to grow on encapsulated hosts). The conclusion that phages A16 and CK235 are related to T7 is based on similarities in the pattern of expression of intracellular phage proteins, early appearance, in infected host cells, of a phage DNA-specific RNA polymerase and hybridization (albeit to a low extent) of A16 DNA and of CK235 DNA to T7 DNA. The first two criteria also apply to phages phi 1.2 and K31 but hybridization of their DNAs with T7 DNA could not be detected. The RNA polymerases of CK235 and A16 have similar template specificities and the same applies to the RNA polymerases of phi 1.2 and K31. None of the new RNA polymerases can use T7 DNA as template.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1985

[Therapy of brucellosis: clinical experience with a rifampicin- doxycycline combination].

After an examination of the data on brucellosis treatment in the literature, it is concluded that short-term courses of cotrimoxazole and tetracyclines give largely unsatisfactory results. In view of the synergism noted between rifampicin and doxycycline against in vitro and animal brucella, the association was given to 19 clinical cases and was found to be effective and easily handled. It is therefore concluded that this treatment is currently the best alternative to the classic streptomycin-doxycycline association.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Vinyl chloride induced hepatocellular carcinoma].

On the occasion of a hitherto unique observation of three hepatocellular carcinomas in workers of the same industrial plant within 7 years following long-term exposure to vinylchloride, the characteristics are discussed of a chemical carcinogenesis leading to two different malignant tumours: haemangiosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. This carcinogenic sequence has been predicted by animal studies. It is not known why the transformation of hepatocytes into carcinoma is far rarer than of sinusoidal cells into sarcoma. Whereas the hepatocellular carcinoma predominantly develops in association with cirrhosis, vinyl chloride is able to cause cancer directly without other known co-carcinogenic agents. This hepatic carcinogenicity is dose-dependent. After the introduction of industrial prevention measures, a new initiation of the tumour is improbable. Nevertheless, because of its long latency period, estimated between 5 and 20 years, clinical manifestations are still possible. An early diagnosis by sonography and computertomography, possibly combined with puncture, in exposed persons or those formerly at high risk is conceivable, while laboratory data, even tumour markers are unreliable. Its fulminant course does not differ from that of other hepatocellular carcinomas and has until now hindered successful treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

On the evolution of the terminal redundancies of Klebsiella phage No. 11 and of coliphages T3 and T7.

The phylogenetic relationship between Klebsiella phage No. 11 and the classical coliphages T7 and T3, postulated in a previous study, was investigated at the nucleotide level by sequencing the termini of phage No. 11 DNA. This DNA was found to have a terminal redundancy of 181 base pairs. Comparison of the terminal sequences of T7, T3 and No. 11 DNA suggests that the terminal redundancies of the three phages contain different expansions and variations of the short 'founder sequence' 5' TTAACCTTGGG 3' of a common ancestor.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1985

Local and general treatment with ceftazidime as monotherapy in central nervous system infections and in septicemic infection.

Twenty-three patients (mean age: 47 years; range: 4 months to 79 years) admitted to Varese Regional Hospital over the period from October 1983 to March 1984 and suffering from severe infections of a septicemic nature were treated with ceftazidime. All patients had previously received other broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. Isolation of causative pathogens and evaluation of their susceptibility to ceftazidime justified use of the drug as monotherapy. Ceftazidime was administered intravenously at the mean dose of 60-120 mg/kg/day. In some cases, it was injected directly into the renal parenchyma (2 g/day) or into the cerebral ventricles (1 mg/kg/day). Local and systemic tolerance were optimal in all cases, no significant side effects being observed. Eradication of pathogens was excellent and clinical outcome satisfactory in all patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Hepatocellular carcinoma after exposure to vinyl chloride].

Hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed already during life in a 54-year-old workman who had been exposed to high concentration of vinyl chloride due to his occupation for more than twenty years. In addition, typical early changes as seen in experimental vinyl chloride induced angiosarcoma were observed. In recent years permissible room air concentration of vinyl chloride at work have been lowered drastically. However, due to the long latency occurrence of malignant liver tumours may still be expected in persons exposed formerly. Within the search programme for such patients at risk ultrasonography and computed tomography as non-invasive methods with high accuracy are advisable.

Ascites↗
PubMed1983

U-56,407, a new antibiotic related to asukamycin: isolation and characterization.

U-56,407, a bright yellow, crystalline antibiotic was isolated from fermentations of Streptomyces hagronensis (strain 360). This antibiotic was extracted from fermentation broths with halogenated hydrocarbons and purified by silica gel chromatography and crystallization. U-56,407 is active in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria but not Gram-negative organisms. It failed to demonstrate in vivo activity in experimentally infected mice. Physical-chemical characterization of U-56,407 supports a molecular formula of C29H32N2O7 and a structure related to the antibiotic asukamycin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗