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Biomedical subjects

A Denis

Publications and source records attributed to A Denis.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Acquired circulating anticoagulant with anti-factor V activity in AIDS: first case report.

An acquired circulating anticoagulant with anti-factor V activity appeared in a 29 year old AIDS patient with widespread Kaposi's sarcoma following 21 days of fresh frozen plasma therapy for haemolytic and uraemic syndrome. Residual factor V activity was very low (< 5% of normal). However, the inhibitor was of low titre (0.5 Bethesda Units/ml), while antigenic factor V levels remained at 100%. Dot blotting with human factor V and polyvalent and specific immunoglobulin antisera showed the antibody to belong to the IgG class. Haemostatic tests in vitro were only partly corrected by addition of washed human platelets and despite transfusion of large amounts of platelets the patient died from massive pulmonary haemorrhage. This would appear to be the first documented case of an anti-factor V inhibitor occurring in an AIDS patient.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Temporality and modes of language.

After reviewing some literary, philosophical and psychoanalytic conceptions of time, the author distinguishes between the sensation of time, in which rhythm is all-important, and its representation. The timeless unconscious, which can, however, be rendered temporal through the transference, is contrasted with the sequential chronology of preconscious and conscious functioning. Language, and in particular metaphorical language, is deemed to play a vital part in the structuring of the psyche, and is mediated by the object; the contingency of metaphor is held to be essential because otherwise the object will impose itself too directly, causing the previously undifferentiated death drive to predominate. A primal temporality must, in the author's view, have been laid down in the form of an unrepresentable auto-erotic datum before the individual can perceive himself as a living subject and conceive of lineal and irreversible time with its implications of castration and death; there is no such thing as a timeless subject. All pathologies of temporality are considered by the author to be at the same time pathologies of subjectivation and of language. The paper ends with a clinical illustration in which a key time-related defence of the patient is overcome by an intervention outside the strict time frame of the setting that proves mutative and enables her to recover her personal rhythm as a subject.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Nefazodone in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a preliminary study.

Nefazodone, a new phenylpiperazine antidepressant agent with serotonin type 2 antagonism and serotonin reuptake inhibition, was evaluated in two patient groups to determine its effectiveness in reducing the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The two studied groups were PMS patients with no coexisting major depression or dysthymia (N = 23) and PMS patients with current major depression or dysthymia, termed the premenstrual exacerbation group (N = 24). The two patient groups received open-label nefazodone for 8 weeks, with optional maintenance at the same dose for up to 1 year. The initial dose was 100 mg, titrated to 600 mg/day, on a twice-daily dosing schedule. Symptoms were assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and by Daily Symptom Ratings. Premenstrual symptoms improved significantly from pretreatment baseline values, with similar improvement for the PMS and premenstrual exacerbation groups. Significantly improvement occurred by the end of the first treated cycle (4 weeks of therapy), at an average dose of 245 (range, 100 to 400) mg, and was maintained thereafter. Nefazodone was well tolerated, side effects were often transient, and the most common were nausea and headache. Forty-seven of 54 patients completed 2 months of therapy, with a mean daily nefazodone dose of 319 mg at the 2-month point. A placebo-controlled study should be conducted to confirm and extend these promising preliminary findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Mechanisms of quinolone resistance in clinical isolates: accumulation of sparfloxacin and of fluoroquinolones of various hydrophobicity, and analysis of membrane composition.

The accumulation of sparfloxacin and three other fluoroquinolones of decreasing hydrophobicity, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, into randomly chosen fluoroquinolone-sensitive and -resistant clinical isolates of bacteria (four Enterobacteriaceae, one Pseudomonas aeruginosa and one Staphylococcus aureus) was measured. There was good correlation between the concentration of drug that inhibited early DNA synthesis in whole cells and the MIC values of the same drug regardless of organism sensitivity or the quinolone. A decrease in permeability in resistant strains compared with sensitive, due to a modification of outer membrane proteins was often involved in resistance. But, in all cases other mutations may also be involved explaining the relatively high level of resistance of the strains. In two resistant strains the DNA gyrase was purified and found to be resistant to inhibition by quinolones. The use of quinolones of differing hydrophobicity emphasized the importance of this property in the uptake of quinolones by bacterial cells, and provided evidence that sparfloxacin used both porin and the self-promoted uptake pathway for it's uptake.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1993

[IVF in sterility related to ovarian dystrophy].

Sterility related to ovarian dystrophy is currently treated by means of standard inductors of ovulation such as Clomid and HMG. In case of failure, patients are recommended in vitro fertilization. In our study of 30 cases of ovarian dystrophy, 9 pregnancies occurred after in vitro fertilization. Slow injections of purified FSH appear to produce similar results but the method is still under evaluation. Our results suggest that after say, two years of failure with classical methods in patients with a long history of sterility, in vitro fertilization may be expected to give good results.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Antenatal prognostic factors in sacrococcygeal teratomas].

The authors report 5 cases of sacrococcygeal teratoma, 4 of which were diagnosed by routine ultrasonography. In view of the poor prognosis of sacrococcygeal teratomas discovered antenatally, certain ultrasonographic severity criteria have been defined. The following are felt to be relevant in this light of present knowledge: a tumour size greater than the biparietal diameter of the fetus at the time of diagnosis; rapid tumour growth. This latter parameter summarises in itself the criteria taken into account in the past: placentomegaly, hydramnios, anasarca. Colour coded Doppler should make it possible in the future to identify a group which might benefit from treatment in utero.

Female↗
PubMed1991

PET studies of [18F]methyl-MK-801, a potential NMDA receptor complex radioligand.

Using positron emission tomography (PET), the potential of 18F-labelled fluoro-methyl-MK-801([18F]FMM) as a radioligand for in vivo studies of the NMDA receptor complex was investigated in baboons. In baseline conditions, there was a slight differential retention of [18F]FMM in cerebral cortex and striatum relative to cerebellum, compatible with specific binding. However, neither pretreatment with pharmacological doses of MK-801 or phencyclidine, nor severe, transient brain hypoxia, were able to clearly alter [18]FMM brain regional kinetics, indicating limited usefulness of this radioligand for in vivo PET investigations of the NMDA receptor.

Animals↗