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Biomedical subjects

A Consoli

Publications and source records attributed to A Consoli.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Insulin secretion after a protein and lipid meal in healthy subjects].

Previous studies suggested that insulin requirement in type I diabetics could be split in a "basal" insulin requirement, mainly related to body weight and in a "post-prandial" insulin requirement, mainly related to carbohydrates intake. In the present study we wanted to investigate the occurrence and the magnitude of insulin response to protein only or fat only meals in normal subjects, trying to obtain some evidences for an insulin requirement possibly related to these substrates in diabetic subjects. Fat only meals did not evoke any insulin response while a small but significant increase in plasma insulin was observed after a protein only meal (from 16.6 +/- 2.85 to 25.83 +/- 2.52 microU at 90', p less than 0.05). Blood glucose remained unchanged after fat or protein meals. It is concluded that a small sovrabasal insulin dose would be probably required by diabetic patients after a protein meal: this is however so small that a carbohydrates related insulin dose given before a normal mixed meal would be able to normalize aminoacids as well as glucose metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Changes in body composition in obese patients on a low-calorie diet].

Energy balance was studied on 4 obese hospitalized subjects kept on hypocaloric diet (489 Kcal - 54% CHO, 10,6% Fat, 35,4% Protein) for 18 +/- 3,7 days. Energy expenditure was measured trough heart-rate monitoring (individual calibrations before and after the study were performed) and nitrogen balance was computed to establish protein loss. Individual qualitative composition of body weight loss was then assessed: 71,4 +/- 5,23% could be attributable to fat loss, 9,38 +/- 3,32% to protein loss, 18,2 +/- 5,5% to water loss. Part of this last figure could be attributable to a slight under-estimation of the method utilized to measure the energy expenditure (heart-rate monitoring).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of rigid dietary restrictions on the control of blood sugar in obese type II diabetic patients].

The improvement of glycemic control obtained with weight loss in NIDDM obese diabetics is still lacking of a prediction formula to establish which would be the weight loss to possibly obtain a fasting normoglycemia. Nine NIDDM obese diabetics of both sexes (age 51 +/- 2,64 yrs; initial body weight 91,63 +/- 6,02 Kg., IBW 156,98 +/- 13,38%, fasting plasma IRI 27,58 +/- 6 microU/ml) were hospitalized and discontinued any therapy 10 days before the study. A diet of 600 cal/day was given for a mean period of 20 days. Daily preprandial blood glucose (at 08,00,12,00,19,00 h.) and body weight (on a precision scale) were recorded. Initial fasting blood glucose was 208,89 +/- 16 mg/dl. A mean weight reduction of 3.87 +/- 0.75 Kg was obtained (corresponding to an IBW of only 6,91 +/- 1,35%, being the final IBW of 150,08 +/- 13,59%) which led to a mean blood glucose concentration of 124,89 +/- 7,81 mg/dl. A significant individual linear correlation between weight reductions and mean blood glucose values was found for all subjects with wide differences in the individual slopes of regression lines. In conclusion small weight losses obtained with hypocaloric diets can lead to a nearly normalization of fasting blood glucose, also when the subjects are still well over their ideal body weight.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Modifications in the oscillation of substrates in obese subjects subjected to variations in the pattern of meal-timing].

In a group of obese subjects kept on hypocaloric diet during a period of 18 days, an eventual different behaviour of carbohydrates and lipids oxidation following to meal-timing manipulation (a single meal given only at 10.00 hr or at 18.00 hr of each day) has been studied by indirect calorimetry. No significant difference of body weight reduction was noticed in both dietetic regimens. In the group of obese subjects who consumed the single meal at 10.00, a slight increase of carbohydrates oxidation was noticed, without a statistical significance, whereas in the group with single meal at 18.00 h a significant increase of lipids oxidation resulted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Semisynthetic human insulin in the treatment of diabetes type I. Preliminary experience].

The recent availability of human insulin raised the question of evaluating its effectiveness in comparison with traditional animal insulins in the treatment of type I diabetics. 9 long-term CSII treated type I diabetics were shifted from pork insulin to human semisynthetic insulin and followed up to 8 months. The following parameters were evaluated: basal insulin infusion allowing morning blood glucose of 100-140 mg/dl and the serum insulin binding capacity (Bio-Merieux). 5 subjects did not show any variation of basal insulin requirement whereas in 4 subjects the occurrence of hypoglycemia induced a reduction of basal insulin requirement of 15%, 16%, 27% and 15%, after 1,2,2 and 8 months respectively, from the shift to human insulin. Serum insulin binding capacity was undetectable in 3 subjects, unchanged in 4, slightly decreasing in 2. One of these two exhibited as well a decrease of basal insulin requirement (16%), while in the other the state of pregnancy prevented its precise assessment. In conclusion human insulin appears as effective as pork insulin; further studies are needed to confirm the suggestions of its lower immunogenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Administration of semisynthetic human insulin by a spray injector].

The use of Jet injection in insulin administration pointed out the question whether this route could affect insulin absorption and plasma insulin profiles. To compare plasma insulin profiles following an administration of an identical insulin dose by jet injection or by conventional subcutaneous route (syringe with needle) 8 healthy subjects (age 24-28 yrs., non obese) were given at 09.00 h of two different days 200 mU/kg/BW of human semisynthetic regular insulin (Novo Actarapid) alternatively subcutaneously by a syringe with needle or transcutaneously by jet injection (DG 77 - Sicim - Gorizia). Before insulin administration and then 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after, blood samples were drawn for plasma insulin and C-peptide determination. Higher plasma insulin levels after administration by jet were found at 15' and 30' minutes (62,58 +/- 6,31 v.s. 36,94 +/- 3,31 microunits/ml at 15' and 76,51 +/- 9,60 v.s. 51,65 +/- 9,95 at 30', p less than 0,01 and p less than 0,005, paired Student t test). No difference could be observed for the other times. C-peptide was found to fall to undetectable values, confirming the nearly total suppression of endogenous insulin production. It is concluded that total regular insulin absorption does not differ after transcutaneous jet injection or administration by syringe with needle, but in the first case it is faster. This last finding should be considered in planning insulin treatment schedules.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Blood sugar control in diabetic patients bearing microinfusors: the importance of the dawn phenomenon].

Significant early morning hyperglycemia (the so-called "dawn phenomenon") has been observed in insulin-dependent diabetics who were otherwise well controlled. This phenomenon, if present, could lead to errors in adapting the basal insulin infusion in CSII treated diabetic patients, because a normal glucose level in the morning could be associated with asymptomatic hypoglycemic values in the night. In order to observe the occurrence and to quantify the magnitude of this phenomenon 14 well controlled CSII-treated type I diabetics were hospitalized for 1 night and samples for the determination of blood glucose (14 patients) and serum cortisol, free insulin and NEFA (8 patients) were drawn at 24.00, 02.00, 04.00, 06.00, 08.00 h. Blood glucose values were slightly but significantly higher at 06.00 than at 02.00 (106 +/- 7.92 v.s. 88.57 +/- 7.02 mg/dl, p less than 0.025, paired Student t test) while serum free insulin values decreased from midnight to 02.00 and then they remained stable. It is concluded that the small increase of blood glucose values in the morning is not a major clinical problem in CSII treated diabetic patients.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1983

[The role of dietary carbohydrates and proteins in the determination of postprandial insulin requirements, evaluated by artificial pancreas, in type I diabetics].

Aim of this work is to evaluate the relative role of ingested carbohydrates and proteins in determining post-prandial insulin requirement in type I diabetic patients by means of artificial pancreas 5 male diabetics were given two times a day a diet with a high amount of carbohydrates (140g) or with a high amount of proteins (120g) while connected to the Biostator. Basal and post-prandial required insulin was evaluated. Post-prandial insulin requirement after high proteins meals did not appear greater than basal requirement, while insulin requirement after high carbohydrates meals appeared statistically greater than basal requirement. No difference could be observed between insulin requirement after morning (h. 10.00) or afternoon (h. 16.00) meals. These results could be of some help in optimizing the portable infuser-treated diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Biphasic response of insulin secretion to arginine stimulation: daily changes].

8 healthy subjects were infused with arginine at h. 08 and h. 16 of different days in order to observe if some changes occurred in the biphasic insulin response according with the different times of the day. A statistical difference between the two responses could be observed only for the first phase of the insulin response (time 0' - 10'), that appeared greater in the morning. When the insulin areas were plotted against the percentage of Ideal Body Weight an highly statistically significant correlation was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Circadian rhythm of platelet aggregation induced by adrenaline and collagen in man].

In five, healthy, male subjects the circadian variation of adrenaline and collagen induced platelets aggregation has been studied. Blood samples were carried out every four hours for a 24 hours period, platelets aggregation was evaluated on the P.P.P. by Elvi-Logos aggregometer adding adrenaline (1 mM/ml) or collagen (80 mg/ml). Cosinor test was used to detect circadian rhythms. A statistically significant circadian rhythm with peak in the morning has been demonstrated using both collagen or adrenaline. It is concluded that the adrenaline and collagen induced platelets aggregation "in vitro" shows a maximum of activity in the morning.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1982

[Intestinal subocclusion caused by lymphoma of the small intestine].

Primitive gastrointestinal lymphomas constitute a rare pathological event, may involve any part of the gastrointestinal tube, and normally belong to the non-hodgkin variety. They do not present characteristic symptoms as compared with what can be found in other gastrointestinal lesions whether neoplastic or inflammatory. Radiologically and endoscopically they do not evidence any particular aspects, so that they can be confused with other diseases (gastroduodenal ulcer, benign tumours, epithelial malignant tumours). For such primitive forms, radical surgical treatment constitutes the first treatment and undoubtedly the fundamental form, with which radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be associated. In addition to a review of the literature, the Authors examine a case of intestinal lymphoma complicated by a picture of subocclusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Measurement of energy expenditure through heart rate monitoring].

In studies of energy balance it is of utmost importance to measure with a certain degree of accuracy the energy expenditure. So far the energy cost has been measured by taking accurate diaries of various activities performed during a day. This study tries to find the possibility to measure the energy cost through heart rate, since it is correlated with oxygen consumption. In 17 obese and non obese healthy subjects the relation between oxygen consumption and heart rate has been studied minute by minute during various physical activities. Data show the existence of a very close relationship between the two variables demonstrating that continuous heart rate monitoring (dynamic ECG) may be considered as a valid tool for energy expenditure measurements. Since each subject shows his own linear equation, it is necessary to assess it before the measurement.

Adolescent↗