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Biomedical subjects

A Colombo

Publications and source records attributed to A Colombo.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Descriptive epidemiology of breast cancer in the city and province of Torino.

Between 1950-54 and 1970-74 the mortality rates from breast cancer showed a 35% increase in Italy. In the city of Torino, an increase occurred between 1950-54 and 1960-64 but not in the following 10-year period. These trends were confirmed by the analysis of rates by cohorts of birth. In the province of Torino, between 1960-64 and 1970-74 the increase in breast cancer death rates was far lower than in the other provinces of Piedmont. It is suggested that the peculiar patterns in the city and in the province of Torino reflect qualitative changes of lifestyle brought about by the conspicuous immigration from southern Italy during the sixties.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Pleural plaques and lung asbestos bodies in the general population: an autoptical and clinical-radiological survey.

Of 218 necropsies of male subjects, pleural hyaline plaques were detected in 67 (30%). The prevalence of pleural plaques was found to be related to age at death and to history of previous occupational contact with asbestos. The presence of asbestos bodies in lungs was also associated with pleural plaques; however, the reliability of the presence of ferruginous bodies as an indicator of exposure to asbestos is questioned. The role of environmental exposure will be better demonstrated at the end of an investigation on place of residence, which is still in progress. Chest X-rays showed little sensitivity for use in epidemiological surveys.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

A rapid unfavorable outcome of Wegener's granulomatosis in early childhood.

Wegener's Granulomatosis was suspected in a 27-month-old female with a nodular, necrotizing lesion of the nose, diffuse subcutaneous nodules, and erythematous desquamation of the entire body. From 20 months of age on she had a purulent nasal discharge, recurrent infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, a Coombs positive anemia, and enlargement of the spleen and liver. Treatment with azathioprine and corticosteroids produced transient improvement but three months later a dramatic relapse occurred. Cyclophosphamide was substituted for azathioprine but 10 days later the patient died and the autopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Wegener's Granulomatosis. The early age of onset of the disease may explain the unfavorable outcome, despite treatment with cytotoxic agents.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

Absence of anthracycline-induced degradation of nuclear DNA in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells.

The in vivo effects of anthracycline antibiotics on the integrity of Ehrlich ascites tumour cell DNA have been studied by sedimentation analysis of nuclear structures containing superhelical DNA in neutral sucrose gradients. These fast-sedimenting protein-DNA complexes may be released by gently lysing cells in solution containing non-ionic detergents and high NaCl concentrations (1.95 M). The supercoiled structure of DNA in these protein-DNA complexes is suggested by the characteristic sedimentation in the presence of intercalating agents. Apparently, no DNA damage could be detected in Ehrlich cells from 7-day-old tumours within 3 h after various doses of daunomycin (0.5--10 mg/kg of body wt.) were administered i.p. to mice. Sedimentation anomalies could not be observed even 15 or 30 h after administration of rtherapeutic doses of daunomycin or adriamycin. In contrast, at 30 min after administration to mice, therapeutic doses of bleomycin (2--8 mg/kg) caused extensive fragmentation of tumour cell DNA, which could be monitored as slowly sedimenting DNA structures (compared with the the control). Similarly, DNA damage could be induced by procarbazine at therapeutic doses. Exposure to bleomycin or procarbazine abolished the characteristic biphasic response to ethidium bromide. The absence of anthracycline-induced degradation of Ehrlich ascites tumour cell DNA is apparently in contrast with the DNA damage observed in L1210 tumour cells. These observations suggest that DNA damage is not a necessary condition for antitumour activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Association of glycerol to dexamethasone in treatment of stroke patients.

A prospective study of 93 acute stroke patients randomly selected by type of antiedema treatment given (hypertonic glicerol infusion plus dexamethasone versus dexamethasone alone) failed to elicit any statistically significant difference between the two treatments on survival rates and quality of survival 7 and 30 days after the stroke.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Familial hypercholesteremia. Clinico-diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

A case of familial hypercholesterolaemia detected in a homozygous subject following the investigation of two large families with a high incidence of the disease, is presented. The genetic background of this form is discussed. Reference is made to the difficulty of identifying heterozygotes and homozygotes and the mode of transmission followed in the two families. The results of 45 months' treatment with cholestiramine and clofibrate and a dietary regimen are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hemodynamic and metabolic changes induced by temporary clamping of the thoracic aorta.

Numerous authors reported a significant deterioration of heart function induced by aortic cross-clamping. Nevertheless, the aorta has been clamped during various surgical procedures without any complication. We studied the hemodynamic and metabolic variations induced by 20 min thoracic aorta cross-clamping in 6 open-chest dogs. During clamping the most striking modifications were an increase in coronary blood flow of over 65%, an increase in cardiac work of over 77% and an increase in total peripheral resistances of over 68% compared to base values. No significant variations were found in the heart rate and cardiac index. Metabolic parameters, such as O2 consumption and lactate consumption increased significantly during the clamping period. The increase in lactate consumption and the progressive and continuous improvement in oxygenation indexes (lactate/pyruvate, redox potential, excess of lactate) proved the absence of any myocardial anoxia during this period. Within 15--30 min after declamping all hemodynamic and metabolic parameters reverted to values close to basal values. These data strongly suggest that the mammalian heart can tolerate this procedure satisfactorily for a limited period of time. In clinical settings, one should consider the base conditions of the cardiovascular system before transposing these conclusions.

Animals↗