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Biomedical subjects

A Colombo

Publications and source records attributed to A Colombo.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

CT and cerebral ischemic infarcts. Correlations between morphological and clinical-prognostic findings.

A total of 66 patients with supratentorial ischemic infarct underwent serial CT scans in order to study the relationship between CT images and clinical evolution of the infarct. Little information of prognostic value is given by CT in patients with slight neurological deficits, whereas it enables factors with a negative influence on the prognosis to be identified in patients with moderate to severe deficits.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Activity of classical and alternative pathways of complement in preterm and small for gestational age infants.

Complement activity was compared in 50 low birth weight infants divided into appropriate and small for gestational age groups; the influence of birth weight and gestational age on complement development was also investigated. CH50 and kinetics (tH50) of both classical and alternative pathway activity of complement, C3, and Factor B levels were significantly higher in small for gestational age infants (classical pathway CH50, 630 HU/ml +/- 184 SD; CP tH50, 77 min +/- 47; aternative pathway CH50, 44.8 HU/ml +/- 11.3; AP tH50, 56 min +/- 43; C3, 73.98 mg/dl +/- 12.68; and Factor B, 13.17 mg/dl +/- 3.67) than in weight-matched appropriate for gestational age infants (CP CH50, 523 HU/ml +/- 152; CP tH50, 105 min +/- 49; AP CH50, 38.8 HU/ml +/- 13; AP tH50, 90 min +/- 53; C3, 58.14 mg/dl +/- 9.43; and Factor B, 9.32 mg/dl +/- 1.73). Complement values were lower in low birth weight infants than in adult controls (P less than 0.001 in all cases). All complement parameters were mainly correlated with gestational age; CH50 values of the classical and alternative pathways were also highly correlated with each other (r = 0.64; P less than 0.001). Low birth weight infants, especially preterm infants, have an important defect of complement activity. Complement factors increase gradually during gestation and intrauterine growth retardation does not affect complement development. Classical and alternative complement pathway activities have a similar development pattern.

Complement Activation↗
PubMed1984

Acid load after intravenous aminoacid infusion: comparison of clorurated vs. acetated solutions.

Ten patients who underwent elective abdominal surgery were given a daily load of one liter of a 10% aminoacid solution randomly containing cationic aminoacid as clorure or acetate salt during the first four post-operative days. None of the patients developed acidosis but the mean daily urinary excretion of titratable acidity and ammonium ions was significantly higher in clorure treated patients. An aminoacid solution containing aminoacid as acetate acts as a sparing solution for tubular buffer activity, and therefore should be preferred for patients with tubular impairment.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Deficiency of neutrophil phagocytosis in premature infants: effect of vitamin E supplementation.

In 20 healthy premature infants, 10 of whom were administered a total dose of 120 mg/kg vitamin E intramuscularly during the first 13 days after birth, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) bactericidal activity, frequency and index of phagocytosis, NBT reduction, random movement, chemotaxis and metabolic activity were evaluated within the first 48 hours and again at 5, 14 and 30 days of age. PMN function was also assessed in 30 adult controls. In the treated and untreated infants no differences were found in PMN function before treatment with vitamin E; however phagocytosis, bactericidal activity and chemotaxis were significantly lower than in the adult controls. At 5 days of age, in the untreated infants both index and frequency of phagocytosis remained low but in the treated groups increased significantly. At 14 and 30 days phagocytosis was normal in both treated and untreated infants. No differences were found in the bactericidal activity, NBT reduction, random movement, chemotaxis or metabolic activity of the treated and untreated infants at the ages studied. This preliminary report suggests that vitamin E may be used in premature newborns for accelerating normalization of phagocytic function in the neonatal period.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Purification and partial characterization of a daunorubicin-binding protein from rat liver.

A daunorubicin-binding protein has been isolated from the soluble fraction of normal rat liver by affinity chromatography on daunorubicin-Sepharose columns. This protein, which apparently binds anthracyclines specifically, appears to be composed of four polypeptides of 54,000 Mr, is different from tubulin, and is not involved in anthracycline metabolism. Its physiological function remains to be determined.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1982

Comparative completeness and correspondence of cancer mortality data as collected by ISTAT and Cancer Registries.

The authors have compared individual cancer mortality records from the file of the Central Statistics Office (ISTAT) with those of the Cancer Registries of Varese and Torino for the period July-December 1976. Most diagnoses ascertained by the Cancer Registries were histologically confirmed. The results showed a high degree of reciprocal completeness (over 90%) for both systems (Cancer Registries and mortality statistics) and a satisfactory level of concordance (75% at Varese, 70% at Torino). The discrepancies, concentrated in certain nosologic codes, were analyzed. The conclusions suggest that the correspondence between mortality statistics and clinical diagnoses is high, at least in the geographical areas examined.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1982

Conjugate gaze paresis in stroke patients with unilateral damage. An unexpected instance of hemispheric asymmetry.

Conjugate gaze paresis was investigated in 436 patients who had suffered a severe stroke and were consecutively hospitalized for unilateral hemispheric damage. Gaze paresis was found in 120 and was associated with a high mortality, severe neurological impairment, and was more frequent in women. However, conjugate gaze paresis was also dependent on the side and locus of the lesion. It was more frequent, severe, and long-lasting in patients with right-sided brain damage. Moreover, it was preponderantly associated with post-Rolandic lesions in patients with right-sided brain damage and with involvement of the entire territory of distribution of the Sylvian artery in those with left-sided brain damage. This suggests that oculomotor centers have an asymmetrical organization in the two hemispheres, diffuse on the left and focalized on the right. It also explains why visual neglect occurs more frequently following right-sided brain damage.

Brain↗
PubMed1982

The time course of visual hemi-inattention.

Twenty right brain-damaged patients and two left brain-damaged patients who showed neglect in the early stage of a stroke were reexamined at a mean time of 10.5 months. In four patients neglect was still as severe as on the initial examination and visual scanning was limited to the right space or even to its rightmost portion. Available CT scan findings suggest that in some patients thalamic lesions may play a critical role in the persistence of neglect. All the other patients improved with passage of time, but minor signs of hemi-inattention could still be demonstrated in the great majority of them.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Eyelid movement disorders following unilateral hemispheric stroke.

The presence of voluntary eyelid movement disorders was systematically checked in 51 patients with a recent stroke supposedly confined to one hemisphere and presenting with contralateral gaze impairment. Inability to initiate lid closure was found in 5 patients, inability to keep the eyes closed for more than 1-3 sec in 5 patients and inability to initiate eyelid opening in 1 patient. One patient failed both to close his eyes and to open them when closed. In 3 patients the deficit was restricted to the eye contralateral to the lesion. CT scan findings pointed to the parietal lobe as the cortical area more frequently encroached upon by the lesion. In one patient brain damage was restricted to the right motor supplementary area and cingulate gyrus and produced, in addition to failure to close eyelids, inability to carry out any voluntary movement governed by cranial nerves save eye movements.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Daytime sleep patterns of primary depressives: a morning nap study.

The electroencephalographic sleep patterns of 10 primary depressives were recorded during baseline nights and two morning nap sessions using a fixed time schedule. Averaged sleep measures for baseline nights replicated previous findings of altered rapid eye movement (REM) sleep patterns and sleep continuity. REM sleep during morning naps occurred only in patients with elevated REM indexes on baseline and prenap nights; it failed to appear in morning sleep of patients who exhibited contrasting REM characteristics. An analysis of hourly REM sleep distribution and averaged deviations from group means revealed significant differences between the two groups which could account for the uneven daytime REM propensity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Peripheral neuropathy in multiple system atrophy with autonomic failure.

Two patients with multiple system atrophy, autonomic failure, and peripheral neuropathy are reported. EMG conduction study in both muscle and sural nerve histology in one patient documented the involvement of the neuromuscular system. Morphologic study of the biopsied nerve showed marked reduction of large myelinated fibers, whereas the unmyelinated axons were totally spared. The latter finding provides evidence that the syspathetic nervous system contributes few, if any, axons to the total population of unmyelinated fibers in the human sural nerve. Peripheral nerve damage may be common in the Shy-Drager syndrome.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1982

Pleural plaques at autopsy in Turin: a study on 1,019 adult subjects.

Hyaline pleural plaques were searched for in 1,019 consecutive autopsies performed on adults in Turin. These pleural lesions were found in 173/706 males and 22/313 females (P less than 0.001). The difference between the sexes was not significant under the age of 50 years but was highly significant (P less than 0.001) in the age groups above 50 years. The severity of the pleural lesions has been graded according to the total area of the plaques. The most severe pleural abnormalities can be considered as connected with previous occupational exposure to asbestos.

Adolescent↗