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Biomedical subjects

A Chapelier

Publications and source records attributed to A Chapelier.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Tracheal sleeve pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma: report of 55 cases.

From 1966 to 1986, a total of 55 patients underwent a tracheal sleeve pneumonectomy (53 right and 2 left) for bronchogenic carcinoma. Preoperative radiotherapy was given in only 5 patients. The overall operative death rate was 10.9%, but no patient has died since 1975 (32 survivors). Seven patients had a postoperative empyema (12.7%); 4 of these patients had a bronchopleural fistula. Twenty-five patients had postoperative radiotherapy, 5 of whom also had chemotherapy. The actuarial survival rate, after exclusion of the 6 operative deaths, was 38% at 3 years and 23% at 5 years. Survival was correlated to regional lymph node involvement. The actuarial survival rate among patients with tumoral spread to bronchial lymph nodes was 43% at 3 years. Among the 13 patients with only subcarinal involvement, the actuarial survival rate was 34% at 3 years. None of the 8 patients with paratracheal lymph node involvement survived more than 30 months. These results indicate that tracheal sleeve pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma with extension to the carina is now fully justified considering the low operative mortality and the good results observed when lateral tracheal lymph nodes were not involved.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Lung transplantation].

Three different ways of pulmonary transplants are feasible: heart and lungs together, one single lung or both lungs. While concerning the primitive or secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension, only the cardio-pulmonary transplant is possible, concerning the respiratory deficiency; the respective indications of each of these transplants are not yet clearly defined. During the postoperative period, rejection and bacteriological, viral, fungal or parasitical infections are responsible for a mortality of about 30%. In the long term, the transplant patients are in danger of respiratory insufficiency by obliterating bronchiolitis due to untreated chronic rejection. The development of these transplants is considerably limited by the rarity of donors whose lungs are usable and by the frequency of isolated heart removals to the prejudice of the cardiopulmonary bloc transplants.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1987

Replacement of the superior vena cava with polytetrafluoroethylene grafts combined with resection of mediastinal-pulmonary malignant tumors. Report of thirteen cases.

From 1979 to 1986, we replaced the superior vena cava with polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in 13 patients to enable resection of malignant mediastinal or pulmonary tumors. Five prostheses could be interposed between a tumor-free proximal superior vena cava and right atrium while eight required separate innominate anastomoses (Y grafts constructed intraoperatively). There were no deaths. Phlebograms obtained 15 to 30 days after the operation demonstrated patency in 12 of 13 patients. Long-term (average 24 months) patency was evident in eight. Five patients are alive at 1, 3, 40, 49, and 60 months, a cumulative survival rate of 27% at 3 years.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amelioration of reperfusion injury by pentoxifylline after lung transplantation. The Université Paris-Sud Lung Transplant Group.

BACKGROUND: Pentoxifylline attenuates neutrophil-mediated lung injury in several models of acute lung inflammation. METHODS: Because pulmonary neutrophil sequestration is the main determinant of lung reperfusion injury, we sought to determine whether pentoxifylline prevented reperfusion injury in isolated perfused rat lung (4-hour cold ischemia, 1-hour reperfusion; pentoxifylline intravenously 40 mg) and in pigs after left lung allotransplantation (24-hour cold ischemia, 4-hour reperfusion; pentoxifylline 1.5 mg/kg/hr intravenously). In the pigs, inflatable cuffs placed around each pulmonary artery enabled us to evaluate each lung separately. RESULTS: In rat lungs, the coefficient of lung permeability increased by 75% +/- 10% in controls and by 3% +/- 2% (p < 0.01) in pentoxifylline-treated lungs. In the pigs, with blood flow to the transplanted lung alone and ventilation with an inspired oxygen fraction of 1, the arterial oxygen tension was greater in the pentoxifylline group than in the control group (423 +/- 49 versus 265 +/- 43 mm Hg, p < 0.05), whereas the total pulmonary vascular resistance was lower (15 +/- 1 versus 30 +/- 9 mm Hg/L/min, p < 0.02). After reperfusion, the decrease in circulating leukocyte count fell by 35% +/- 3% in the control group and remained unchanged in the pentoxifylline group, and the leukocytes count per microscopic field in the transplanted lung was lower in the pentoxifylline group than in the control group (15 +/- 2 versus 140 +/- 50, p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that pentoxifylline prevented reperfusion injury by decreasing neutrophil lung sequestration.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a new preservation solution: Celsior in the isolated rat lung. Paris-Sud University Lung Transplatation Group.

BACKGROUND: We compared Celsior solution, a new and original extracellular preservation solution, with blood-based Wallwork's solution. METHODS: In two groups of isolated rat lungs submitted to 4 hours of cold ischemia, pulmonary arterial and venous resistances, coefficient of filtration, and wet-to-dry lung weight ratio were determined at baseline and after 90 minutes of reperfusion. RESULTS: After ischemia-reperfusion, percentage of increases above the respective baseline coefficient of filtration values were 93% +/- 7% in the Wallwork group and 7% +/- 3% in the Celsior group (p < 0.001 versus Wallwork's solution). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that Celsior consistently prevented the ischemia-reperfusion-induced increase in pulmonary microvascular permeability as compared with Wallwork's solution.

Albumins↗