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Biomedical subjects

A Carolei

Publications and source records attributed to A Carolei.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Changes in pituitary hormones serum levels in bromocryptine-treated parkinsonian patients.

In the course of a clinical trial with 2alpha-bromoergocryptin in Parkinson's disease, the serum levels of several pituitary hormones have been studied in the assumption that the drug active on nigro-striatal dopaminergic system might also interfere with hypothalamus-protuberantial neurotransmission, and have effects on the function of the pituitary. No changes in serum levels of FSH, LH, STH and TSH were detected for every dose of the drug employed. Only prolactin serum levels diminished since the beginning of the treatment, the decrease being significant (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01). This effect on prolactin does not change in the dose range considered. Clinical improvement was observed for doses of drugs above 15 mg/day, whereas the effect on prolactin secretion occurred with the dose of 7.5 mg/day.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Neuroendocrine aspects of Parkinson's disease. Therapeutic/effect of a prolactin inhibitor].

On the basis of a reassessment of the aetiopathogenetic problem and the neuroendocrine implications, the therapeutic effectiveness of a prolactin inhibitor, 2-alpha-Br-ergocryptine (CB 154), in Parkinson's disease is assessed. Five patients were treated for a total of two weeks using doses between 10 and 15 mg/die. CB 154 was found to act as a dopaminergic receptor agonist at nigro-striatal level, considerably improving tremor and rigidity and to a lesser extent bradykinesia and total disability.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Controlled double-blind study (SAMe-imipramine) in depressive syndromes].

Thirty one patients were treated with either S-Adenosylmethionine or Imipramine in a double-blind clinical trial comparing S-Adenosylmethionine (25 mg i.m. three times daily) with Imipramine (25 mg i.m. three times daily) administered for a period of three weeks. Hamilton Rating scores showed no significant differences between treatments, but such slight differences as were observed favoured S-Adenosylmethionine.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Proposal of a new model with dopaminergic-cholinergic interactions for neuropharmacological investigations.

The motor system of Dugesia gonocephala shows a striking similarity with the extrapyramidal system of high vertebrates and of man with the evidence of correlations between dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons. The utilization of this model seems to be useful in testing drugs which presumably act on dopaminergic or cholinergic transmission. In this model, the quantification of animal behaviour seems considerably easier when compared with the difficulties met in other animal models commonly employed. Besides, it might be anticipated that this model, if correctly used, can display interesting perspectives also in neuroendocrinological investigations.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The pattern of patients admitted to psychiatric rehabilitation services: defining homogeneous groups. Multivariate analysis of a sample. A working group].

OBJECTIVE: To provide a multidimensional description about the pattern of patients recovered in some Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services, as emerging from identification of similar groups regarded the total severity. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional survey has been conducted on patients recovered in 4 Northern-Italy Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services. A statistical bottom-up analysis (Principal Components and Cluster Analysis) has been performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Any patient has been evaluated using a questionnaire with well-known rating scales (BPRS-psychiatric rating, Katx index and IADL index, IDS index of comorbidity) together with informations on sex, age, social and economic state, psychiatric history, therapeutic devices and staff involvement. RESULTS: We analyzed 455 patients. 267 (58.7%) male and the mean age is 58.517.9. After statistical analysis, 4 clusters of patients has been found: the first group (106 patients) is younger, described as not seriously compromised, mostly with psychotic problems; the second (96 patients, most of them woman with diagnosis of dementia) is much older, with serious problems of independency and comorbidity. The third (82 patients) and fourth (171 patients) group show intermediate patterns. The level of care requested by these groups has been provided. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show the usefulness of sophisticated statistical methods to describe patients recovered in psychiatric rehabilitation services. Moreover, our findings could be useful as good proposal to the people involved in this field, planning an active intervention in this area.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sumatriptan and cerebral blood flow velocity changes during migraine attacks.

Transcranial Doppler studies on the effects of sumatriptan on cerebral hemodynamics have shown conflicting results. We evaluated blood flow velocity changes in 21 patients suffering from migraine with (n = 4) or without aura (n = 17) during a spontaneous attack, before and after treatment with sumatriptan. Flow velocity in the internal and external carotid, middle cerebral, and basilar arteries was measured by means of transcranial Doppler. During the attack, measurements were taken before subcutaneous sumatriptan injection, then after 30 minutes, 2 hours, and 24 hours. An additional measurement was taken 1 week later, in a headache-free state. We found a significant reduction of flow velocity during the attack in the middle cerebral artery on both sides (P < 0.05). After sumatriptan administration, flow velocity increased in the internal carotid artery on both sides (P < 0.05) and in the middle cerebral artery on the headache side (P = 0.0001), but not in the external carotid and basilar arteries (P > 0.05). Flow velocity changes may reflect the vasodilation present at the onset of the migraine attack followed by vasoconstriction in the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries after sumatriptan treatment. Since vasoconstriction occurs in responders and nonresponders to treatment, it is unlikely to be the primary mechanism by which sumatriptan relieves headache.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Different vascular risk factor profiles among cortical infarcts, small deep infarcts, and primary intracerebral haemorrhage point to different types of underlying vasculopathy. A study from the L'Aquila Stroke Registry.

The type of small-vessel disease in small deep (lacunar) infarcts (SDIs) remains contentious as opposed to that in primary intracerebral haemorrhage (PICH), which is lipohyalinosis in most cases. Therefore, we compared risk factor profiles as indicators of underlying vessel pathology, between patients with SDI and patients with PICH, and those with a non-cardio-embolic infarct involving the cortex (CORTI). Multivariate regression analysis showed the diabetes mellitus [odds ratio (OR) 0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-0.90] and hypercholesterolaemia (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.40-0.99) were more strongly associated with CORTI than with SDI. Carotid stenosis was associated with SDI in comparison with PICH (OR 7.5; 95% CI 1.02-54.94). Compared with PICH, CORTI was more strongly associated with diabetes mellitus (OR 3.27; 95% CI 1.38-7.76), carotid stenosis (OR 24.42; 95% CI 4.99-119.45), and hypercholesterolaemia (OR 3.12; 95% CI 1.47-6.65), whereas hypertension was associated with PICH (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.18-0.79). These data support the hypothesis that small-vessel atheromatosis rather than small-vessel lipohyalinosis underlies lacunar infarcts in most cases.

Aged↗