Biomedical subjects
A Byrne
Publications and source records attributed to A Byrne.
Adverse interaction between cimetidine and chlorpromazine in two cases of chronic schizophrenia.
The treatment of two chlorpromazine-medicated chronic schizophrenics with cimetidine resulted in excessive sedation, which necessitated a reduction in chlorpromazine dosage. Eventual discontinuation of cimetidine therapy led to a return of schizophrenic symptoms, which responded to an increase in chlorpromazine dosage to previous levels.
The creatine kinase ratio: a useful means of detecting early peaking of the creatine kinase curve after acute myocardial infarction.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Gastric exocrine "failure" in critically ill patients: incidence and associated features.
Following the observation that many critically ill patients cannot maintain their gastric juice pH below 4 without treatment a study was performed to measure the gastric juice pH in such patients and relate it to other clinical data. The case notes of 64 patients who had been admitted to the intensive care unit and taken part in two trials of ranitidine treatment were reviewed. During those trials gastric juice was aspirated hourly and the pH and volume measured. In this study the values recorded during a six hour untreated control phase were used. Data on age, diagnosis, treatment, outcome, episodes of hypoxia, episodes of hypotension, and use of inotropic drugs were also reviewed. Full data were available for 61 patients: 27 had a mean baseline pH of greater than 5 during the control phase and 34 a mean baseline pH of less than 5. Significantly more of those with a high pH suffered hypotension (21/27 v 13/34) and received inotropic drugs (16/27 v 8/34). These findings suggest that hypotension in critically ill patients adversely affects gastric exocrine function; prophylaxis with drugs that can improve gastric mucosal blood flow may be more effective than with antacids.
Hidradenitis suppurativa. Glucose tolerance, clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic features and HLA frequencies in 27 patients.
Glucose tolerance, lymphocyte populations, and HLA types were studied in 27 patients with untreated hidradenitis suppurativa; 18 of these patients had a negative history for acne vulgaris. Six patients (22%) had an increased incidence of impaired glucose tolerance. We failed to confirm a previous report of high incidence of flat glucose tolerance curves. The frequency of HLA-A and HLA-B antigen loci and the median values of peripheral blood T lymphocytes were similar to the control population. However, seven patients with moderate or severe clinical disease had a marked reduction in T lymphocytes and these patients had an increased frequency of the HLA antigens, A1 and B8. These results suggest that T lymphocytes may play a role in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa and that HLA-A1 and HLA-B8 may predispose the patient to more severe disease, but further research is necessary to clarify this.
Opioidergic control of luteinizing hormone secretion in the female rabbit: influence of age on the response to naloxone.
To examine the role of opioid neurons on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in the female rabbit, we determined LH release at timed intervals after naloxone administration to rabbits aged 25-150 days. The LH response to naloxone (10 mg/kg) was not significantly elevated until day 43 when LH rose 76-113% above basal levels at 40-80 min. In 56-day-old females the corresponding increase was 160% at 15 min and in 65- to 67-day-olds it was 154%. From 70 to 80 days of age the LH response was blunted and no significant elevations could be elicited. By contrast, naloxone-induced LH increases were again evident when rabbits were older than 100 days. At all ages no significant change in FSH concentrations was observed. In the adult females, naloxone at 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg caused increases in LH secretion which occasionally were high enough to induce ovulation as exemplified by elevated serum progesterone 4 days later. These data suggest that opioid peptides may be involved in the prepubertal rise in LH and in the normal inhibition of adult secretion in the female rabbit.
Hypomania following increased epileptic activity.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Photography for anorexia nervosa.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Interactive video teaching using a home microcomputer.
This paper describes the use of a home microcomputer to produce a highly versatile yet relatively inexpensive interactive video system. The program has been designed to introduce medical students to the examination of the mentally ill patient, but the technique is ideally suited to demonstrate examination and treatment techniques in all medical specialties.
Preliminary report on a prepregnancy counselling clinic.
Although prepregnancy counselling is given within the health service at various clinics there remains a need for patients with specific medical and obstetric problems to receive specialist advice. An analysis of the first 200 patients referred to a prepregnancy counselling clinic is given here to outline the function of such a service.
[Concentrations of various trace elements in the enamel of primary and permanent teeth].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[The effect of certain microelements on the prevalence of caries].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The doctor and the media.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
An absorption apparatus for the micro-determination of certain volatile substances: The micro-determination of ammonia.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Cancer in the elderly.
This article reviews geriatric oncology and assesses options for treatment and care of the elderly patient with cancer. The size of the population over 65 years old is defined, with particular reference to the continuing growth of this subsection of the community. The high incidence of many cancers and their associated mortality rates in the elderly are identified and the epidemiology of such diseases in the geriatric population is addressed. Given the discrepancies in incidence and survival rates between patients younger and older than 65 years, the association between tumorigenesis and the aging process is explored. Specific aspects of tumor growth in the elderly are considered. General considerations of therapy for elderly patients with cancer are discussed, including the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chemotherapy in those over 65 years old, surgical options, the use of radiotherapy, and overall patient assessment. Next, treatment options for individual cancer states are reviewed, with particular emphasis on newer treatment options designed specifically for the elderly. Sections on cancer screening and supportive care are also included, the latter dealing with aspects of symptom control, quality of life assessment, and the physical and psychologic rehabilitation of the elderly patient with cancer who is undergoing treatment. Conclusions are then drawn as to the extent of the oncological process in those over 65 years old, with particular emphasis on the underdiagnosis and undertreatment of many malignancies in the past. The challenge created by the growing elderly population is underscored and necessary plans of action for oncologists in the future are defined. Such proposals are necessary if inroads are to be made into the unacceptable morbidity and mortality rates borne by our elderly patients with cancer.
A modified dynamic traction splint for unstable intra-articular fractures of the proximal interphalangeal joint.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
An example of a successful collaboration effort between a nurse educator and a hospice clinical nurse specialist/director.
Collaboration between nursing education and nursing service recognizes the expertise of both the educator and the clinician. Nurses share information, ideas, and skills to promote quality nursing care, improve nursing practice, and reduce costs. One example of an effective nursing collaboration involved a child-rearing nurse educator and a children's hospice clinical nurse specialist/director. The methods of promoting collaboration between the educator and clinician will be examined. The advantages and disadvantages of collaboration between the two nursing divisions will be explored. Lastly, mutual nursing practice benefits for the two clinicians are explained.