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Biomedical subjects

A Broustet

Publications and source records attributed to A Broustet.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Amyloid neuropathy and multiple myeloma. Ultrastructural and immunopathological study of two cases.

Report of 2 patients suffering from sensory peripheral neuropathy and multiple myeloma. In 1 case, peripheral neuropathy occurred several months before the appearance of multiple myeloma. A peripheral nerve biopsy exhibited numerous amyloid deposits within the endoneurium. Amyloid deposits have been estimated to occur in 15% of cases of multiple myeloma, but only 4 other detailed observations of amyloid deposits within the endoneurium have been reported in the literature. Other mechanisms might be involved since most peripheral neuropathies associated with multiple myeloma do not exhibit any amyloid deposits.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1982

[Kinetic study of indium-111 labelled platelets in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (author's transl)].

Labelling platelets with 111 Indium-oxine has advantages over the conventional 51 Chromium method: labelling is more efficient and the radiations emitted almost exclusively consist of gamma-rays. Owing to these advantages, autologous platelets can be used for kinetic studies in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, even when thrombocytopenia is severe. 111 Indium labelling also provides accurate information on the sites of platelet destruction, which may help to predict the patient's response to splenectomy.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1982

[Management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults. Retrospective review of fifty case-reports (author's transl)].

In adults, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is less frequent and less clearly defined than in children. A retrospective study of fifty adult patients with ALL was carried out. Findings were similar to those reported in previous studies. Complete remission was achieved in 86% of patients. This rate is similar to that recorded in children with ALL. Median survival (twenty months) was shorter than in childhood because of frequent relapses. Various factors of prognostic value are discussed. Problems encountered in attempting immunological classification are studied. Prognosis seems to be related to the intensiveness of induction therapy and the choice of maintenance therapy regimen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Acute promyelocytic leukemia with (15;17) translocation and chromosome no. 11 deletion (q23).

The patient, a 76-year-old man, was referred with fever, large ecchymotic lesions and ulcerative laryngitis. Blood counts showed a hemoglobin of 11 g/100 ml, hematocrit of 31%, red blood cell count of 3.5 X 10(12)/1, white blood cell count of 6.8 X 10(9)/1 and platelet count of 16.0 X 10(9)/1. The differential count showed 17% neutrophils, 4% lymphocytes, 40% promyelocytes and 39% myeloblasts. The sternal marrow sample showed a marked hypercellularity. Of the cells, 80-85% were hypergranular promyelocytes, some of them showing bundles of Auer rods. No granulocytic maturation was observed. A few erythroblasts were present. A disseminated intravascular coagulation was observed (fibrinogen 0.85 g/l, factor V 18%, fibrin degradation products 640 mg/l). The serum creatinin was at 217 micromol/1 and the urea at 16.8 mmol/1. The treatment (daunorubicin, heparin, platelet transfusion) was unsuccessful and the patient died three days after entering hospital. The bone marrow karyotype by direct examination showed only normal metaphases (32 photographed). All the metaphases from the unstimulated blood 48-h culture (25 photographed) were clonal, showing the pattern 47,XY,del(11) (q23),t(15;17) (q24? q22?), +mar. The marker was '16 like' in size but its origin could not be determined (Figs. 1 and 2).

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Prognostic value of age and bone marrow karyotype in 78 adults with acute myelogenous leukemia.

Bone marrow karyotypes of 78 adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) were studied at the time of diagnosis, with special reference to the Sakurai and Sandberg classification (NN, karyotype completely normal; AN, mixture of normal and abnormal metaphases in the karyotype; AA, totally abnormal karyotype). The results showed no difference in complete remission rate (CR) or in survival time between the NN and the AN groups, but highly significant differences between the AA group and the NN and AN groups (whether taken together or separately). When studying the relationship between age and survival time, we found that 59 years of age was a frontier between two homogeneous groups having quite different prognoses. The NN/AN/AA classification had a good prognostic value in patients under 59 years of age. In older patients, no correlation was found between the classification and complete remission rate or survival time.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The bone marrow karyotype in refractory anemia and preleukemia].

The term preleukemia may be used to refer to patients with acquired chronic cytopenias (refractory anemia with an excess of blast cells, refractory sideroblastic idiopathic anemia, or others idiopathic refractory cytopenias) who develop acute myeloid leukemia (AML) months or years later. In these syndromes, an abnormal bone marrow karyotype is found in about 50% cases, like in de novo AML. These abnormalities are similar to those observed in AML (mostly +8, -7, -5 or 5q-). The translocations t(8;21) and t(15;17) are never observed in preleukemia. Correlations exist between hematological data and cytogenetic features namely, in the 5q- syndrome. Thus in preleukemia the cytogenetic analysis is a valuable diagnostic method. At the present time, the prognostic value of the bone marrow karyotype is not clearly established but in single chromosome deletions (5q-, 20q-) the acute transformation is rare or delayed. At the opposite, evolution of the karyotype is generally regarded as a progression to high malignancy.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1982

[Morphological classification of acute myeloid leukemias using the FAB system. Retrospective analysis of 106 cases].

Blood and bone marrow samples from 106 patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia were reviewed independently by three observers according to the FAB proposals. Without a cytochemical stain, complete agreement occurred in 75% of cases. The major discrepancies were between M1 and M5 poorly differentiated (4 cases) and M2 and M4 (12 cases). These discrepancies disappeared with cytochemistry. Others non-concurrences were between M1 and M2 (4 cases) M2 and M6 (3 cases), M4 and M5 differentiated (2 cases), M2 and RAEB (1 case). To solve these latter discrepancies some points of the FAB classification require clarification.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1982

[Ring chromosome 10: 46,XX,r(10)(p15q26)].

A teenage girl with growth and mental retardation, urinary tract and eye abnormalities was found to have an r(10)(p15q26) in blood cells. Quantitative evaluation of seven red cell enzymes including three (HK1, TGOS, PGAMA) known to be on chromosome 10, gave normal values.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructural cytochemical prospective study of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: detection of peroxidase activity in patients failing to respond to treatment.

Ultrastructural cytochemical studies revealed peroxidase activity in five of 25 adult patients with apparent null lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in whom the peroxidase reaction studied with light microscopy was negative. None of these 5 patients responded to a chemotherapy regimen used for adult ALL. The importance of ultrastructural cytochemistry which allows the recognition of myeloblastic differentiation in undifferentiated blast cells is also demonstrated. The correct classification of such cases may be important for prognosis because they appear to be resistant to the chemotherapy used in treating ALL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Platelet dense bodies loaded with mepacrine. Study in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

In 22 cases of chronic ITP, the platelet 5-HT storage organelles were counted by examination of platelets loaded with mepacrine and correlated with the size and volume of the platelets. Statistical analysis showed that the mean volume and the number of granules increased in ITP without increase in the mean number of granules per unit volume. A strong correlation was found between platelet long diameter and number of dense bodies in controls (44 healthy subjects) (r = 0.94; y = 2.826 x - 0.699) and in ITP (r = 0.92; y = 2.587 x + 0.06). This study demonstrated in chronic ITP the presence both of platelets without granules and others rich in granules. The anomalies were present no matter what the count of platelets and did not change the mean values for granules and for ADP in most cases. Most platelets remain morphologically normal.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1980

Acute myeloblastic leukemia in elderly patients: treatment and prognostic factors.

The results of treatment of acute myeloblastic leukemia in patients over 60 years of age are evaluated in a retrospective study of 29 previously untreated patients. These results were very similar to those observed for younger patients, with 18 complete remissions (62, 1%), 6 early deaths, and 5 treatment failures. The median survival time was seven and one half months for all patients and 22 for the 18 patients achieving complete remissions. Nineteen patients received chemotherapy identical to that of younger patients (daunorubicin and cytarabine). The initial presence of poor prognostic factors (hyperleukocytosis, and infection) may explain the relativity high number of early deaths (21%). Elderly patients are apparently not exposed to a higher risk of death than younger patients. Daunorubicin toxicity does not appear to increase with age and this agent may therefore be used in the treatment of older patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Acute granulocytic leukaemia: prognostic value of medullary caryotype (author's transl)].

Thirty-nine cases of granulocytic acute leukaemia (AL) forming an homogeneous series were the object of a satisfactory chromosomal examination of the marrow by direct examination at the time of diagnosis. This group of patients was compared with another group of similar number where the conditions of patient referral, diagnosis and treatment were the same, in order to show that no selection was involved in the series studied. Medullary caryotype was found to be normal in 61,5% of cases. In such patients, the hope of complete remission and mean survival were significantly better than in cases where the caryotype was abnormal, and all the more so when the caryotype contained abnormalities in all the mitoses examined. For myeloblastic AL, the correlation between caryotype and the effects of treatment is very close (p less than 0,01). For the therapist, these results justify a new approach in the treatment of myeloblastic AL.

Adolescent↗