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Biomedical subjects

A Broustet

Publications and source records attributed to A Broustet.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Successful autologous transplantation with peripheral blood hemopoietic cells in a patient with acute leukemia.

One patient with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) in remission was given intensive chemotherapy (DAT regimen) as late intensification treatment. Seven leukaphereses were performed during the period of marrow recovery following aplasia induced by the DAT regimen. High numbers of nucleated cells (7.8 X 10(8)/kg) and granulocyte-macrophage precursors (9.5 X 10(4)/kg) were collected and then cryopreserved and stored in liquid nitrogen. When he relapsed, the patient was treated with etoposide (600 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg), and total body irradiation (1000 rad), followed by the transfusion of thawed autologous leukocytes. The time to reach 0.5 X 10(9) granulocytes/liter and 50 X 10(9) platelets/liter was 16 and 35 days, respectively. This observation demonstrates that circulating hemopoietic stem cells are capable of complete hemopoietic reconstitution after marrow-ablative therapy with supralethal doses of chemoradiotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Intestinal decontamination in the neutropenic patient. Apropos of a prospective randomized study].

Sixty-five patients undergoing remission-induction chemotherapy for acute leukemia in a protected environment unit were randomly assigned to selective antimicrobial modulation of the intestinal flora (SAM) with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or total antibiotic decontamination (TAD) with gentamicin, vancomycin and colimycin. Digestive tract colonization with Streptococcus D was more prevalent in the SAM group (p less than 0.01); colonization with yeasts was more prevalent in the TAD group (p less than 0.001). However, there was no difference between the two groups as regards to clinically and microbiologically documented infections, septicemias and survival. Selective antimicrobial modulation with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is as effective and cheaper than total antibiotic decontamination with gentamicin, vancomycin and colimycin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Relationship between patients' age, bone marrow karyotype, and outcome of induction therapy in acute myelogenous leukemia.

Bone marrow karyotypes were performed in 88 cases of adult acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) at diagnosis and classified NN (normal), AA (abnormal), and AN (mixture of normal and abnormal metaphases). A clear relationship was found between karyotype and complete remission (CR) rate: 58% CR in (NN + AN) cases; 14% CR in AA cases (P less than .009). This relationship was even stronger when only patients under 60 years of age were studied. Considering failures of induction treatment, no relationship was found between the NN/AN/AA classification and a drug resistance. In patients over 60, the worse prognosis could be explained by an inferior ability to tolerate intensive treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Acute erythroblastic leukemia presenting as acute undifferentiated leukemia: a report of two cases with ultrastructural features.

This report describes two elderly patients with acute leukemia in which blast cells were undifferentiated with conventional light microscopy (L.M.) and cytochemistry. Blast cells were identified as belonging to the erythroblastic line by their ultrastructural features: glycogen deposits, lipidic vacuoles, cytoplasmic ferritin molecules and rhopheocytotic invagination. Moreover, blast cells were surrounding a central macrophage. Thus, these two patients had acute erythroblastic leukemia which differs from erythroleukemia (M6 of FAB classification) in which blast cells present myeloblastic characteristics.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Megakaryoblastic transformation of primary thrombocythemia.

The progression of primary thrombocythemia (PT) into acute leukemia was diagnosed in a 64-year-old man who was previously treated by hydroxyurea without alkylating agents or radioactive phosphorus. Such an event has only been reported in very rare cases. The blast cells had a lymphocytic morphology but were identified as promegakaryoblasts by the ultrastructural demonstration of platelet peroxidase. These data suggest that a megakaryoblastic transformation could occur in PT as had previously been reported in chronic granulocytic leukemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with amsacrine and high-dose cytosine arabinoside: a phase II trial].

Ten patients with acute myeloid leukaemia on failure or relapse were treated by Amsacrine and high-dose (12 g/m2) Cytosine Arabinosyl (phase II trial). Four patients achieved complete remission, over six months in one instance. Hematologic toxicity was important but extra-hematologic toxicity was mild. These two drugs could be used as induction or reinforcement treatment in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Acute transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia: disappearance of the Philadelphia chromosome after autograft].

Two patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia (C.G.L.) undergoing transformation were treated by high dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation followed by autografting of hematopoietic stem cells collected and cryo-preserved at the time of diagnosis. Recovery of hematopoiesis was characterized by disappearance of the Philadelphia chromosome in most metaphases. A new approach of the management of C.G.L. is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Histomorphometric analysis of sclerotic bone from idiopathic myeloid metaplasia (nine cases).

The osteosclerosis of idiopathic myeloid metaplasia was investigated by a histodynamic study of undecalcified bone from nine patients. In all cases osteosclerosis resulted from woven bone formation. In moderate osteosclerosis only intrabecular woven bone was observed, with osteoclastic hyperresorption, hyperosteoidosis with many osteoblasts, and an increased calcification rate. This may represent an early stage of the disease, osteosclerosis resulting from increased bone remodelling, with woven bone formation by osteoblasts. However, in extensive osteosclerosis both intratrabecular and medullary woven bone was observed, with moderate osteoclastic hyperresorption, hyperosteoidosis without osteoblasts and a very low calcification rate. The latter pattern could correspond to an advanced stage, and could result from stromal bone formation without osteoblasts. The classical histodynamic profile of osteomalacia was sometimes observed. The link between bone pain and possible osteomalacia remains vague.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Associated abnormalities of chromosomes 1, 5, and 11 in dysmyelopoietic syndromes.

Two patients with dysmyelopoietic syndrome presented the same cytogenetic pattern in their bone marrow cells, i.e., trisomy of chromosomes #1 and #11, and terminal deletion of chromosome #5 (q13-q14). Two similar cases have been described in the literature. It is suggested that this cytogenetic pattern could be a nonrandom event.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

A stage classification for prognosis in adult acute myelogenous leukaemia based upon patients' age, bone marrow karyotype and clinical features.

In 71 adult acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) cases, the relationship between well-known prognostic features and complete remission (CR) rate and survival was studied. These features were: (i) bone marrow karyotype classified NN, AN, AA according to Sakurai & Sandberg (5); (ii) patients' age; (iii) clinical 'negative prognostic features' (NPF): previous history of preleukaemia, septicaemia or pneumonia, hyperleucocytosis, associated pathology (diabetes, obesity, renal insufficiency etc.). 59 years of age was found to be a frontier between 2 homogeneous groups having quite different prognosis. The NN/AN/AA classification had good prognostic value (CR rate and survival) in patients under 59 years, but not in older patients. In those patients over 59, a significant difference in CR rate and survival appeared between cases with NPF and those without. For each feature having an established relationship to survival, a panel of prognostic points was determined as follows: age over 59 (1 point), AA karyotype in patients under 59 (2 points), NPF in patients over 59 (1 point). Using this stage classification, it was possible to classify every case into 1 of 3 groups (i.e.: 0 points, 1 point, 2 points). The life-table analysis of these 3 groups showed very significant differences. The median survival times were 18.5 months, 5.2 months and 1.3 month, for the 0-point group (26 cases), the 1-point group (19 cases) and the 2-point group (26 cases), respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Uncompacted myelin lamellae in two cases of peripheral neuropathy.

Peripheral nerve biopsies from two patients with chronic sensorimotor neuropathy were studied. The first case was a non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma and did not show any dysglobulinemia. The second case had a benign monoclonal gammopathy IgG, Lambda type. Direct immunofluorescence showed no deposits in the first case and slight deposits of anti IgG sera on a few myelinated fibers in the second case. There were numerous fibers showing uncompacted myelin lamellae, 7% in the first case and 4% in the second case. Some of these fibers had axons containing more tubules than filaments. The very few cases reported on neuropathies showing that uncompacted myelin lamellae were frequently associated with dysglobulinemic neuropathy. However, this ultrastructural abnormality of the myelin sheath can be observed without any dysglobulinemia.

Aged↗