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Biomedical subjects

A Bradlow

Publications and source records attributed to A Bradlow.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Perceptions of the risks and benefits of medicines in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other painful musculoskeletal conditions.

OBJECTIVES: To examine beliefs about medication risks and benefits in patients attending a specialist rheumatology clinic for pain-related conditions. METHODS: Eighty-one patients (37 first attendees and 44 existing clinic patients) completed a written questionnaire which asked about current treatments, perceived effectiveness, main risks and benefits, and compliance. RESULTS: Existing clinic patients perceived medications to be more effective and more risky than did the new patients, although both groups rated risks to be moderately low. The main perceived risks were adverse side-effects, although patients reported only moderately low levels of experiencing such effects. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to some other studies, many of our patients were aware of medication risks and were prepared to accept them provided benefits were seen to be high. Existing clinic patients were more aware of risks and benefits, and reported higher compliance levels than new patients, possibly as a result of the hospital education programme. Future studies should evaluate the effects of the programme more systematically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Neurobiologic responses to speech in noise in children with learning problems: deficits and strategies for improvement.

OBJECTIVES: Some children with learning problems (LP) experience speech-sound perception deficits that worsen in background noise. The first goal was to determine whether these impairments are associated with abnormal neurophysiologic representation of speech features in noise reflected at brain-stem and cortical levels. The second goal was to examine the perceptual and neurophysiological benefits provided to an impaired system by acoustic cue enhancements. METHODS: Behavioral speech perception measures (just noticeable difference scores), auditory brain-stem responses, frequency-following responses and cortical-evoked potentials (P1, N1, P1', N1') were studied in a group of LP children and compared to responses in normal children. RESULTS: We report abnormalities in the fundamental sensory representation of sound at brain-stem and cortical levels in the LP children when speech sounds were presented in noise, but not in quiet. Specifically, the neurophysiologic responses from these LP children displayed a different spectral pattern and lacked precision in the neural representation of key stimulus features. Cue enhancement benefited both behavioral and neurophysiological responses. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these findings contribute to our understanding of the preconscious biological processes underlying perception deficits and may assist in the design of effective intervention strategies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Neural representation of consciously imperceptible speech sound differences.

The concept of subliminal perception has been a subject of interest and controversy for decades. Of interest in the present investigation was whether a neurophysiologic index of stimulus change could be elicited to speech sound contrasts that were consciously indiscriminable. The stimuli were chosen on the basis of each individual subject's discrimination threshold. The speech stimuli (which varied along an F3 onset frequency continuum from /da/ to /ga/) were synthesized so that the acoustical properties of the stimuli could be tightly controlled. Subthreshold and suprathreshold stimuli were chosen on the basis of behavioral ability demonstrated during psychophysical testing. A significant neural representation of stimulus change, reflected by the mismatch negativity response, was obtained in all but 1 subject in response to subthreshold stimuli. Grand average responses differed significantly from responses obtained in a control condition consisting of physiologic responses elicited by physically identical stimuli. Furthermore, responses to suprathreshold stimuli (close to threshold) did not differ significantly from subthreshold responses with respect to latency, amplitude, or area. These results suggest that neural representation of consciously imperceptible stimulus differences occurs and that this representation occurs at a preattentive level.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Lupus or lupoid hepatitis with mesenteric vasculitis.

A 15-yr-old girl with lupus presented with hepatitis and later a mesenteric vasculitis requiring bowel resection. The gastroenterological manifestations of lupus are reviewed with particular reference to hepatic involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Rheumatology.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1991

Arthritic presentation of childhood leukaemia.

Three cases of childhood acute lymphatic leukaemia masquerading as juvenile chronic arthritis are presented. All had symptoms and signs for at least 4 months before leukaemia was diagnosed and in two the full blood count was normal at presentation. The importance of a high index of suspicion is emphasized, particularly if the white cell count is low.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Scandinavian rheumatology 1990.

The author describes his Royal College-funded tour of Scandinavian rheumatology units in 1990. He compares the funding, organisation and staffing of these units with those of their British counterparts and concludes that more local control, accountability and funding might improve health services. Consideration of the greater use of short-stay and day hospital facilities and the often imaginative ways in which Scandinavian rheumatology units are integrated into their hospitals may lessen the insecurity that many British rheumatology units currently face. Most pressing is the need for general agreement about ways of achieving protection within the NHS for the interests of those with chronic disease.

Health Services Administration↗