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Biomedical subjects

A Boman

Publications and source records attributed to A Boman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Experiences with Freund's complete adjuvant test (FCAT) when screening for contact allergens in colophony.

A procedure, using Freund's complete adjuvant test (FCAT), for the determination of the allergenic potential of fractions and components in colophony of the gum rosin type is described and discussed. Gum rosin was shown to be a potent sensitizer in 11 test series (153 animals). FCAT is compared with the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT). Gum rosin was a potent sensitizer according to this method as well. The FCAT method was found to be advantageous over the GPMT method in that it is technically simpler to use and a smaller amount of test substance is needed. However, closed challenge was preferred to the prescribed open challenge. The importance of statistical evaluation of the results obtained in predictive testing is stressed.

Allergens↗
PubMed1988

Identification of 15-hydroperoxyabietic acid as a contact allergen in Portuguese colophony.

15-Hydroperoxyabietic acid (15-HPA) has been isolated from Portuguese colophony of the gum rosin type and identified as its methyl ester. The structure of the compound was elucidated using UV, IR, NMR and mass spectrometry. 15-HPA methyl ester was found to be an elicitor when tested in colophony-sensitized guinea-pigs. The sensitizing capacity was verified in the same species and 15-HPA methyl ester was considered to be a strong allergen. The eliciting potential was also verified in patients with known allergy to colophony. The Portuguese gum rosin investigated contained approximately 1% of 15-HPA. Based on its allergenicity and the amounts isolated, we conclude that 15-HPA is a main contact allergen in Portuguese gum rosin.

Abietanes↗
PubMed1988

Percutaneous absorption of 2-butoxyethanol in man.

The percutaneous absorption of the commonly used glycol ether 2-butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) was investigated in 12 exposure experiments with five men. The subject kept two or four fingers immersed in neat butoxyethanol for 2 h. Arterialized capillary blood samples were collected from the other hand before, during, and up to 4 h after the exposure and analyzed for butoxyethanol by gas chromatography. Urine was collected for 24 h and analyzed for the metabolite butoxyacetic acid, also by gas chromatography. The presence of butoxyethanol in blood and of butoxyacetic acid in urine confirmed that butoxyethanol enters the systemic circulation in man in vivo during dermal exposure. Percutaneous uptake rates were calculated from measured blood levels of butoxyethanol with the use of kinetic parameters (clearance and volume of distribution) obtained in earlier experiments with the same subjects. The uptake rates ranged from 7 to 96 nmol.min-1.cm-2. The results indicate that persons exposing large portions of their skin to butoxyethanol are at risk of absorbing acutely toxic doses.

Ethylene Glycols↗
PubMed1985

Is abietic acid the allergenic component of colophony?

In order to investigate whether abietic acid itself is the allergenic component of colophony, 2 commercial samples were extensively purified and tested in guinea pigs and in colophony-sensitive patients. In the modified FCAT method, sensitization was obtained with Portuguese colophony and when challenged with purified abietic acid, the animals showed no reaction. In the GMPT method, the animals were exposed to purified abietic acid. Challenging with 2 different samples of it gave no significant reaction. When patch tested, patients sensitive to colophony showed no reactions to abietic acid which had been purified immediately before the test. It is concluded that abietic acid itself is not a contact allergen.

Abietanes↗
PubMed1985

Induction of formaldehyde contact sensitivity: dose response relationship in the guinea pig maximization test.

The sensitizing potential of aqueous formaldehyde was evaluated with the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) in two laboratories (Copenhagen and Stockholm) using different guinea pig strains. Six intradermal (0.01%-3%), and 6 topical (0.5%-20%) concentrations were used for induction, and formaldehyde 1% and 0.1% was used for challenge. The incidence of contact sensitivity depended on the intradermal, but not on the topical induction dose. Statistical analyses showed a non-monotonous (non-linear) dose response relationship. The estimated maximal sensitization rate in Copenhagen was 80% after intradermal induction with 0.65% formaldehyde; in Stockholm it was 84% after induction with 0.34%. The data from the two laboratories could be described by parallel displaced dose response curves suggesting that the guinea pig strain used in Stockholm was significantly more susceptible to formaldehyde than the strain used in Copenhagen. The EC50 (formaldehyde concentration at which 50% of the guinea pigs were sensitized) at the 72 h scoring and a 1% challenge concentration, was 0.061% in Copenhagen and 0.024% in Stockholm.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Guinea pig maximization tests with formaldehyde releasers. Results from two laboratories.

The guinea pig maximization test was used to evaluate the sensitizing potential of formaldehyde and 6 formaldehyde releasers (Forcide 78, Germall 115, Grotan BK, Grotan OX, KM 200 and Preventol D2). The tests were carried out in 2 laboratories (Copenhagen and Stockholm), and although we intended the procedures to be the same, discrepancies were observed, possibly due to the use of different animal strains, test concentrations and vehicles. The sensitizing potential was in general found to be stronger in Stockholm compared to Copenhagen: formaldehyde sensitized 50% of the guinea pigs in Copenhagen and 95% in Stockholm. For Grotan BK, the corresponding rates were 20% and 74%. Forcide 78, KM 200 and Preventol D2 sensitized 20% to 25% of the animals in Copenhagen, while Germall 115 and Grotan OX sensitized 60% to 70% of the animals in Stockholm.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Copper--a rare sensitizer.

To determine the incidence of patch test reactions to copper, 2% copper sulphate was included in our routine patch test series. The allergic potential of copper sulphate was evaluated by the guinea pig maximization test method (GPMT). 13 of the 1190 eczema patients showed reactions (1.1%), but they were considered non-relevant. 3 series of GPMT demonstrated that copper sulphate was a grade I allergen. A critical review of the literature disclosed that several reports on cases of allergic contact dermatitis to copper must be regarded as uncertain or non-relevant. 4 cases were considered relevant and another 20 cases probably relevant. It is suggested that a test reaction to copper sulphate should be verified by a serial dilution test (SDT). Furthermore, the sensitivity of patients to other metals should be stated, so that one can be aware that false positive reactions from metal impurities, especially nickel, in the copper salt used for testing may occur.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Contact sensitivity to quinidine sulfate from occupational exposure.

Three workers exposed to quinidine sulfate became sensitized after short exposure times (2-3 months). They were patch test positive to quinidine in different vehicles, but negative to the diastereoisomer quinine. Guinea pig maximization tests demonstrated quinidine and quinine to be grade V allergens according to the classification of Magnusson & Kligman. When challenged for cross reactivity, the animals sensitive to quinine did not react to quinidine. Among the quinidine-sensitive guinea pigs, three of 20 (P greater than 0.05) reacted when challenged with quinine.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Allergenic potential of abietic acid, colophony and pine resin-HA. Clinical and experimental studies.

Resin acids are considered to be the main allergens in colophony (rosin). Tall oils also contain resin acids and may then be potential sensitizers. A resin acid concentrate (pine resin-HA) together with Chinese colophony were included in our standard series and applied on 563 patients with contact dermatitis. Fourteen showed an isolated sensitivity to colophony and two to pine resin-HA. Six patients reacted to both test compounds. Guinea pig maximization tests (Magnusson & Kligman 1969) showed that pine resin-HA (2 series) was a grade I allergen, abietic acid a grade III allergen and colophony a grade IV allergen. The risk that the resin acids in tall oils would induce contact sensitivity to workers exposed to tall oil-containing products like cutting fluids and cleansing agents is considered to be minimal.

Allergens↗