Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Blum

Publications and source records attributed to A Blum.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

A double-blind multicentre trial comparing the efficacy and side-effects of mianserin and chlorimipramine in depressed in- and outpatients.

Mianserin (60 mg daily) was compared with chlorimipramine (150 mg daily) in the treatment of 145 depressed in- and outpatients in four centres. The trial was double-blind and fully randomized. Both drugs were effective antidepressants. No significant differences in efficacy could be demonstrated by means of the Hamilton rating scale for depression, the Beck self-rating scale or the clinical global impression, for both in- and outpatients. Hypotension, dry mouth and tremor increased significantly more in inpatients with chlorimipramine than with mianserin. At the end of treatment weight gain was increased significantly more in outpatients after treatment with mianserin. No differences could be demonstrated between the drugs for other side-effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The physician's role in the cost-containment problem.

The seemingly uncontrolled increase in the cost of medical care is one of the major problems facing the American physician. Although the reasons for escalated costs are multifactorial, the physician does play an important role in the problem. Several studies have suggested that physicians, the cost generators, and unaware of the economic impact of the care they provide. In the preparation of this report, 70 medical students, 316 interns and residents, and 41 faculty members at the University of Miami School of Medicine were surveyed on their knowledge of frequently ordered hospital billing items. A common lack of knowledge was noted in all three groups of respondents, with the faculty scoring as poorly as the medical students. Major efforts must be directed toward the cost education of physicians.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1978

[Side effects of proximal selective vagotomy on the esophagus. II. Experimental study of effects of the esophageal motility and the lower esophageal sphincter (author's transl)].

The influence of the proximal selective vagotomy (PSV) with mobilisation of the esophagus of 6 cm or up to the upper thorax apertura on esophageal motility in a first group and mobilisation of 2 or 7 cm on the lower esophageal sphincter tone in a second group was investigated in canine experiments. The loss of coordinated peristalsis in the denuded segment causes a deterioration of esophageal passage. The degree of disturbance of swallowing depends on the length of the mobilisation. Reduction of lower esophageal pressure was observed. These reduction was not influenced by the extent of this motilisation. Acid reflux was not seen. Due to anatomical differences between these two species, these results cannot be readely transferred to human. Enlarged mobilisation of the esophagus for completion of PSV cannot be recommanded without reservation. Clinical studies are needed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Children absorb tris-BP flame retardant from sleepwear: urine contains the mutagenic metabolite, 2,3-dibromopropanol.

The flame retardant, tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (tris-BP), which is a mutagen and causes cancer and sterility in animals is absorbed from fabric by people. 2,3-Dibromopropanol, a metboloite of tris-BP and a mutagen itself, has been found in the urine samples of ten children who were wearing or who had worn tris-BP-treated sleepwear. Eight of these children were wearing well-washed sleepwear and the possibility of absorption of tris-BP from well-washed sleepwear discussed. 2,3-Dibromopropanol was not found in the urines of one child and one adult who had never worn tris-BP-treated garments.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1978

Another flame retardant, tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)-phosphate, and its expected metabolites are mutagens.

A flame retardant used in children's sleepwear, tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (Fyrol FR2) is a mutagen in the Salmonella-mammalian tissue homogenate test after it has been activated by mouse or rat liver homogenate. The expected enzymatic hydrolysis product, 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, is similarly a mutagen after activation by liver homogenate. A proposed metabolite of the flame retardant, 1,3-dichloro-2-propanone, is a potent mutagen in the absence of such activation. A flame retardant with similar structure, tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate (tris-BP), was shown previously to be a mutagen, to cause sterility in animals, to be a carcinogen, and to be absorbed through human skin. These and other flame retardants have characteristic nuclear magnetic resonance spectra that can be used to determine which flame retardant is present in commercially purchased sleepwear. Sleepwear treated with tris-BP, Fyrol FR2, and other chemical additives was being sold in late 1977.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Immunocytochemical localization of the major polypeptides of the nuclear pore complex-lamina fraction. Interphase and mitotic distribution.

This laboratory has previously isolated a fraction from rat liver nuclei consisting of nuclear pore complexes associated with the proteinaceous lamina which underlies the inner nuclear membrane. Using protein eluted from sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gels, we have prepared antibodies in chickens to each of the three predominant pore complex-lamina bands. Ouchterlony double diffusion analysis shows that each of these individual bands cross-reacts strongly with all three antisera. In immunofluorescence localization performed on tissue culture cells with these antibodies, we obtain a pattern of intense staining at the periphery of the interphase nucleus, with little or no cytoplasmic reaction. Electron microscope immunoperoxidase staining of rat liver nuclei with these antibodies labels exclusively the nuclear periphery. Furthermore, reaction occurs in areas which contain the lamina, but not at the pore complexes. While our isolation procedure extracts the internal contents of nuclei completely, semiquantitative Ouchterlony analysis shows that it releases negligible amounts of these lamina antigens. Considered together, our results indicate that these three bands represent major components of a peripheral nuclear lamina, and are not structural elements of an internal "nuclear protein matrix." Fluorescence microscopy shows that the perinuclear interphase localization of these lamina proteins undergoes dramatic changes during mitosis. Concomitant with nuclear envelope disassembly in prophase, these antigens assume a diffuse localization throughout the cell. This distribution persists until telophase, when the antigens become progressively and completely localized at the surface of the daughter chromosome masses. We propose that the lamina is a biological polymer which can undergo reversible disassembly during mitosis.

Cell Cycle↗