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Biomedical subjects

A Bloch

Publications and source records attributed to A Bloch.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Postmastectomy rehabilitation in a community hospital.

The need for, operation, and outcomes of an in-hospital postmastectomy rehabilitation program are described as operating at a general community hospital, the Mt. Sinai Hospital of Cleveland. Patient outcomes in terms of range of motion (94 and 98 percent normal 90 days after discharge, right and left arm respectively); resumption of normal activities and return to work (94 percent had resumed normal activities within 90 days and 85 percent had returned to work); and emotional stress (fewer than one in ten reported moderate to severe emotional stress) are demonstrated to be indicative of good rehabilitation. These results are comparable to those reported achieved in a specialized oncology setting. This type of program can be successfully conducted in a community hospital with the limited use of regular hospital personnel, although problems related to physician resistance and assuring the regular availability of appropriate staff members for even a short time each day must be overcome.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1980

Antitumor activity of cytidine dialdehyde and its effects on nucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis.

Cytidine dialdehyde inhibited the growth of leukemia L1210 cells in culture at a 50% inhibitory concentration of 3.5 X 10(-5) M and, when administered i.p. at 200 mg/kg daily for 5 days, increased the mean survival of L1210 tumor-bearing mice by up to 171%. Given by the s.c. or i.v. routes, the compound was ineffective. The ethanol adduct of cytidine dialdehyde, although inactive in cell culture, increased the mean survival of L1210 tumor-bearing mice by up to 225% when administered i.p. but was inactive upon s.c. administration. Exposure of L1210 cells in culture for 25 hr to cytidine dialdehyde at the 50% inhibitory concentration increased the ribonucleoside di- and triphosphate pools, slightly increased deoxyadenosine triphosphate, deoxythymidine triphosphate, and deoxyguanosine triphosphate pools, and caused a pronounced increase in the deoxycytidine triphosphate pool. As determined by the rate of pyrimidine precursor incorporation into nucleic acids, this concentration of drug showed no effect on RNA synthesis but caused a reduction in DNA synthesis to 53% of control. Exposure of L1210 cells for 3 to 6 hr to 10(-4) M cytidine dialdehyde, a concentration which inhibits growth completely, effected an increase in the ribonucleoside di- and triphosphate pools and a rapid decrease of the deoxythymidine triphosphate pool. The deoxycytidine triphosphate and deoxyguanosine triphosphate pools decreased more slowly, and the deoxyadenosine triphosphate pool remained slightly elevated. Analysis of the rate of substrate incorporation into nucleic acids showed that this concentration of drug produced an 80% decrease in RNA synthesis and a 75% decrease in DNA synthesis 3 hr after drug exposure. These results suggest that the mechanism of action of cytidine dialdehyde may be due to its initial interference with DNA synthesis followed by a generalized inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis at cytotoxic concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Risk factors and psycho-social factors in myocardial infarct of the young man].

Psychosocial and standard risk factors were assessed in 21 young males aged 32--45 admitted for acute myocardial infarction. All patients underwent extensive clinical, dietary and psychosocial investigation by a team of cardiologists, psychiatrists, dieticians, social workers and physiotherapists both during hospitalization and later at home. Most standard risk factors were found infrequently and the estimated risk of coronary disease would have been low. Heavy smokers (1--4 packs of cigarettes per day) totalled 20/21 patients. In every case the patients, before myocardial infarction, had sustained severe long-term stress in their professional, social and/or familial environments. With rigid and obsessive personality patterns, they appeared to be the prisoners of their problem situations and totally unable to relax. Severe psychosocial stress and heavy smoking appear to be almost constant findings in young males admitted with acute myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The diagnosis of coronary disease and of myocardial ischemia by means of echocardiography].

An attempt is made to define the respective roles of one- and two-dimensional echocardiography in the evaluation of coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia. The two methods have their advantages and drawbacks and are complementary. Echocardiography provides information on the motion of the various ventricular segments; when the technical quality of the recording is good, it shows excellent correlation with left ventriculography. Echocardiographic diagnosis of myocardial ischemia usually implies provocative manoeuvres which are difficult to perform. Finally, echocardiography is an excellent method for the evaluation and follow-up of patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1979

Synthesis and biological activity of 5-fluoro- and 5-methyl-1,3-oxazine-2,6(3H)-dione.

5-Fluoro-1,3-oxazine-2,6(3H)-dione (3-oxa-FU) was synthesized by reacting 3-oxauracil with fluoroxytrifluoromethane and decomposing the adduct in the presence of a catalytic amount of Et3N. 5-Methyl-1,3-oxazine-2,6(3H)-dione (3-oxathymine) was prepared by polyphosphoric acid catalyzed ring closure of beta-(N-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2-methacrylic acid and by treatment of citraconimide with sodium hypochlorite. As determined in vitro, 3-oxa-FU was markedly inhibitory to S. faecium (ID50 = 9 X 10(-8) M) and E. coli (ID50 = 1 X 10(-7) M) but was less active against leukemia L-1210 cells (ID50 = 1 X 10(-5) M). At 1 x 10(-4) M, 3-oxathymine was inactive in these cell systems. Inhibition of the growth of S. faecium by 3-oxa-FU was reversed competitively by the natural pyrimidines. The relatively rapid hydrolysis of the compounds in the growth media is a major factor in determining their biological effectiveness.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Bidimensional echocardiography in evalulation of mitral and aortic stenosis].

The aim of this study was to compare the results of unidimensional and cross-sectional echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation in the assessment of mitral and aortic stenosis. 21 patients with mitral stenosis, 21 patients with aortic stenosis and 21 patients without valvular disease were studied by unidimensional and cross-sectional echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation. Although unidimensional echocardiography in the external cardiac investigation of choice for the qualitative diagnosis of mitral stenosis, a better assessment of the severity of the stenosis is obtained with cross-sectional echocardiography. The valve surface measured by cross-sectional echocardiography correlates well with the value obtained by catheterisation with the application of the Gorlin formula (r = 0.85). Cross-sectional echocardiography is therefore an important advance in the external assessment of mitral stenosis. The aortic valve can only be measured in one third of cases of aortic stenosis with unidimensional echocardiography, whilst this measurement can be performed in 90 p. 100 of cases with cross-sectional echocardiography. The values obtained in 9 patients with severe aortic stenosis were 3.7 +/- 0.7 mm/m2, in 7 patients with moderate aortic stenosis: 5.4 +/- 0.8 mm/m2 and in 5 patients with mild aortic stenosis: 6.8 +/- 1,2 mm/m2. There is a clear demarcation between the different groups if the average values are compared. Therefore cross-sectional echocardiography gives reliable semi-quantitative assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Echocardiographic serial study on movements of the interventricular septum after aorto-coronary bypass].

The data presented show that echocardiographically detected abnormal septal movement is frequent early after coronary bypass surgery but that these abnormalities decrease in many patients during late follow-up. Increased anterior movement of the whole heart during systole and decreased regional myocardial contraction both contribute to the septum abnormalities. However, the overall left ventricular function remains unchanged after coronary bypass surgery.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1978

[Immediate and long-term prognosis of sub-endocardial infarct].

A comparison is conducted of two groups of patients with myocardial infarction: one group of 77 patients with subendocardial myocardial infarction (SEMI) and another of 166 patients with transmural myocardial infarction (TMI). In-hospital mortality, ventricular arrhythmias and a-v blocks are higher in TMI. Late follow-up (mean: 43 months) shows, however, that after discharge SEMI shows a higher mortality and more angina and recurrences of myocardial infarction that TMI. These results, and the ECG localization of the MI recurrences, suggest that SEMI usually reflects severe coronary artery disease.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1978

[Diagnosis of pericardial effusion by echocardiography and radionuclide angiography (author's transl)].

Echocardiography and radionuclide angiography are presently the two first choices non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of pericardial effusion. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of these methods, a prospective study of 43 consecutive patients was undertaken. Confirmation by tap or autopsy was obtained in 10 cases; for the remainers, strict clinical signs were requested. The results of both methods were classified in a quantitative manner. Our data confirms the greater sensitivity and specificity of echocardiography compared with radionuclide angiocardiography, when small amounts of effusion are present. However, the correlation between the two methods is satisfactory when a greater amount of fluid is present.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Demonstration, in leukemia L-1210 cells, of a phosphodiesterase acting on 3':5'-cyclic CMP but not on 3':5'-cyclic AMP or 3':5'-cyclic GMP.

cCMP-specific phosphodiesterase activity was demonstrated in the 80 to 100% ammonium sulfate fraction obtained from disrupted leukemia L-1210 cells. The activity was linear with time (up to 60 min), was a function of protein concentration, and was markedly stimulated by Mg2+ and by ammonium sulfate. Under identical assay conditions, no significant hydrolysis of cAMP or cGMP was observed, although these cyclic nucleotides served as substrates for phosphodiesterase(s) present in all the fractions obtained by less than 80% ammonium sulfate saturation. This is the first demonstration of a cCMP-specific phosphodiesterase.

Ammonium Sulfate↗