Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Bertolini.
Mount, intromission and ejaculation latencies are reduced in male rats if they are previously subjected to an avoidance learning session or if the first 4 attempts to mount the female are immediately punished with an electrical shock.
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The offspring of rats treated with nicotine (0.5 mg/kg/day SC) on days 1-20 of gestation, were trained for active avoidance conditioning when 60 days old. Although learning was similar in both control groups of males and females, nicotine exposure during fetal life improved learning in females but reduced it in males, the difference between these two groups being statistically significant from day 17 until the end of the training period (day 25).
Imipramine, chronically administered to rats (20 mg/Kg/day X 20) has a potent analgesic effect per se (hot plate test), increases morphine analgesia and intensifies morphine withdrawal syndrome precipitated by naloxone. Receptor binding studies performed with 3H-naloxone revealed that chronic administration of imipramine results in a marked increase of opiate binding sites in the brain. This increase persisted when the rats treated chronically with imipramine were rendered tolerant to morphine by s.c. implantation for 3 days of a pellet containing 100 mg of morphine. Since antidepressants exert their own analgesic effect, increase morphine analgesia and displace opiate receptor binding, it may be that by interacting with the opiate receptor complex imipramine induces supersensitivity in opiate recognition binding sites.
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The synergistic bactericidal effect of the oxolinic acid-trimethoprim combination has been confirmed on an exponentially growing strain of Escherichia coli, and is paralleled by a synergistic inhibition of 14C-uracil incorporation into the bacterial DNA. These data provide experimental support for the postulate that the synergistic effect of quinolone-trimethoprim combinations, observed both in vitro and in vivo, is due to a complementary blockade of bacterial DNA synthesis.
The inotropic effect of ouabain (10(-6)M) was studied "in vitro" on rat ventricle strips electrically driven at 1 Hz. The mx% increase in the force of contraction was 64.8 +/- 4.7 in the case of controls, 25.4 +/- 3.7 in the case of vitamin D-deficient rats, and 55.8 +/- 5.9 in the case of vitamin D-deficient rats pretreated with cholecalciferol (1.000 I.U./Kg/day s.c. for 5 days before heart removal). A decrease in the Ca2+ concentration from 3.1 to 1.8 mM had no effect on the basal isometric tension developed by control ventricles, it greatly reduced that developed by ventricles from rachitic rats. These results indicate that vitamin D is important for heart contractility and for the activity of cardiac glycosides, and that the hearts of rachitic animals may have difficulty in increasing their performance when solicited to do so.
A case of Behçet's syndrome with right femoral artery thrombosis surgically treated by femoro-popliteal TEA and lumbar sympathectomy is described. The validity of TEA even in this rare vascular disease is evidenced. After having examined the reasons leading to this surgical procedure, and good results in long-term follow-up are underlined.
The positive inotropic effect of ouabain on atria and ventricle strips of cycloheximide-pretreated (20 mg/kg i.p. 3 hr before sacrifice) guinea-pigs and rats was significantly reduced or absent. Similar results were obtained when actinomycin (8 X 10(-6)M) was added to the perfusion medium of rat ventricle strips for 30 min before ouabain. These results suggest that either the synthesis of a short-lived protein is required for the inotropic effect of ouabain, or that at least part of ouabain's inotropic effect is due to the stimulated synthesis of some protein(s).
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Rats treated with chloramphenicol from days 7 to 21 of intrauterine life (50 milligrams per kilogram per day, injected subcutaneously into the mothers) or in the first 3 days of extrauterine life (50 to 100 milligrams per kilogram per day) were trained for avoidance conditioning when 60 days old. The acquisition of the avoidance response was impaired to a highly significant degree in all the treated groups.
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The authors refer on 24 patients over 65 years of age suffering from obliterating arteriopathy of the lower limbs undergoing reconstructive surgery no matter the high surgical risk. These patients represent 12.3% of all vascular patients treated in five years of activity. The following risk factors are considered: 1) Heart disease; 2) Altered lipid metabolism; 3) Diabetes; 4) Arterial hypertension; 5) Hyperuricaemia; 6) Obesity; 7) Renal or hepatic insufficiency. Immediate results were excellent in 23 cases; one patient suffering from aortic barrage died of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. Follow-up results also remained good; only one patient had to be re-operated two years later (disobliteration of branch of prosthesis) with a happy outcome. Two other patients died because of non vascular causes. The authors do not consider age amongst risk factors and prefer the extraperitoneal approach in disobliterating operations and refer using the transperitoneal route without problems in aortobifemoral bypasses. The authors state that risk factors did not alter neither the short nor the long-term follow-up results possibly because of medical correction of associated pathological states.
Trimethoprim enhances the in vitro activity of nalidixic and oxolinic acids against some representative pathogenic microorganisms, including those which are most frequently responsible for urinary tract infections, and delays the emergence of resistance in many of them.
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