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Biomedical subjects

A Berner

Publications and source records attributed to A Berner.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Expression of c-erbB-2 protein, neuron-specific enolase and DNA flow cytometry in locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Expression of c-erbB-2 protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and DNA ploidy was studied by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens from 104 patients with locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Positive membrane bound c-erbB-2 staining was found in 15% of the tumours, and 38% of the tumours were positive for NSE. Only one tumour stained positively for both NSE and c-erbB-2. Expression of c-erbB-2 protein and NSE was neither correlated to tumour stage nor to histopathological grade. The frequency of non-diploid tumours was 78% in 49 c-erbB-2/NSE negative tumours, 98% in 40 NSE positive tumours, and 100% in 16 c-erbB-2 positive tumours (P = 0.004). Whether the c-erbB-2 expression is a useful prognostic marker in addition to other conventional parameters, remains to be shown.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1993

DNA distribution in the prostate. Normal gland, benign and premalignant lesions, and subsequent adenocarcinomas.

DNA content in paraffin-embedded tissue from 25 normal prostates (NP), 49 specimens of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 37 specimens of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and 22 prostatic adenocarcinomas was measured by static image cytometry. During an eight-year follow-up, 47% (23/49) of the males with BPH and 38% (14/37) of the males with PIN subsequently had histologically confirmed prostatic adenocarcinoma, of which 22 cases were analyzed. In 32% of the NPs, 1-3 of 200 measured cells were aneuploid. The mean age of males with aneuploid cells was 55.8 years; it was 33 years for those with only diploid cells (P = .03). In hyperplastic prostatic lesions the percentage of aneuploid specimens increased with the increasing frequency of histologic atypia and with a subsequent malignant outcome. Agreement between the primary benign and later malignant specimen regarding diploidy versus nondiploidy occurred in 17 of 22 patients (77%).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Caveats in the estimation of DNA-ploidy in paraffin embedded specimens of primary prostate cancer and lymph node metastases by flow and image cytometry.

DNA ploidy assessments of 72 archival paraffin embedded specimens were made utilizing flow cytometry (FCM) and image cytometry (ICM). Forty four specimens were obtained from primary prostatic tumours and 28 from metastatic lymph nodes. Eighteen of 30 FCM diploid range tumours were aneuploid by ICM. Nineteen of 22 FCM tetraploid range tumours were ICM aneuploid. All FCM non-diploid range specimens were non-diploid range by ICM, and all ICM diploid range specimens were diploid range by FCM. ICM more easily identifies small numbers of aneuploid cells than FCM. Discrepancy between FCM and ICM measurements was particularly high in lymph node specimens. FCM diploid range distributions mostly occurred in lymph nodes with a small tumour fraction whereas the number of aneuploidy specimens increased with larger tumour volume. Lymphocytes are different from solid tumour cells since they are not fixed in tissue and will probably be more easily dissolved in cell suspension when sections are disintegrated. This may influence FCM measurements and has to be considered when DNA ploidy measurements of lymph node metastases are made.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

DNA ploidy in cell nuclei from paraffin-embedded material--comparison of results from two laboratories.

In 49 pairs of contiguous sections from paraffin-embedded prostatic cancer tissue, the DNA indices (DIs) were determined by flow cytometry (FCM) at 2 different laboratories. In 3 of 45 pairs of evaluable nuclear suspensions, DIs of 1.1 (DNA aneuploid) were found at Laboratory 1, whereas all 3 tumours were classified as DNA diploid at Laboratory 2. In the remaining 42 specimens, the correlation between the DIs was excellent, though the application of strictly defined DNA ploidy ranges led to different DNA ploidy allocation in 3 cases. It is concluded that in 85-90% of the cases, reliable DIs can be obtained by FCM done in paraffin-embedded material at different laboratories. Slight technical variations and interpretation differences may lead to different ploidy allocation in 10-15% of the cases.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1992

The prognostic significance of deoxyribonucleic acid flow cytometry in muscle invasive bladder carcinoma treated with preoperative irradiation and cystectomy.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) flow cytometry measurements were performed in nuclear suspensions obtained from paraffin-embedded biopsies from 83 patients with stages T2, T3 and T4a bladder carcinoma. All patients were treated with preoperative radiotherapy and cystectomy from 1976 through 1985. Of the tumors 13 (16%) were diploid, 18 (22%) tetraploid and 52 (63%) aneuploid. A total of 19 tumors (23%) had 2 or 3 stemlines in addition to the diploid cells. Post-radiotherapy stage reduction (absence of muscle infiltration in the cystectomy specimen) occurred more often in tumors with only 1 nondiploid stemline than in diploid tumors or nondiploid tumors with multiple stemlines. The 5-year survival rate was significantly poorer for patients with a diploid (33%) than for those with a nondiploid (66%) tumor (p = 0.05), although this was only marginally retained in a multivariate analysis (p = 0.11). The clinical significance of DNA ploidy in muscle infiltrating bladder cancer seems not to be as evident as has been shown for superficial bladder tumors but it may be of value in selecting patients for preoperative radiotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

DNA flow cytometry and neo-adjuvant chemotherapy/radiotherapy in operable muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma. A preliminary report.

Fifty-five patients with muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were treated with preoperative cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (20 Gy within 1 week) and cystectomy. DNA flow cytometry (FCM) was performed in paraffin-embedded tissue obtained by transurethral resection immediately before therapy. Together with the T-category and histological grade, DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction (SPF) were evaluated for the ability to predict the response to chemotherapy/radiotherapy and survival: a low T-category, but neither DNA ploidy nor SPF, was predictive for the response to neo-adjuvant treatment. The T-category was not related to the patients' survival. In the Cox regression analysis, SPF was an independent prognostic parameter together with response to the precystectomy therapy. We concluded that, in spite of remaining technical problems, paraffin-embedded tissue from bladder carcinoma is suitable for DNA FCM. Contrary to the situation in superficial bladder cancer, DNA ploidy is not related to the clinical outcome in muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma treated by neo-adjuvant chemo-/radiotherapy and cystectomy. SPF seems to be a clinically worthwhile parameter with significance that has to be further studied in larger series.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1991

Clinical significance of the "palpable mass" in patients with muscle-infiltrating bladder cancer undergoing cystectomy after pre-operative radiotherapy.

Between 1976 and 1985, 132 patients with T2/T3/T4a bladder cancer underwent cystectomy after pre-operative radiotherapy (46 Gy: 67 patients; 20 Gy: 65 patients). After a median time of 41 months, 62 patients were alive; 51 had died from recurrent bladder cancer and 19 from intercurrent disease without recurrence of their malignancy. Distant metastases developed in 40 patients, accompanied in 5 cases by local recurrence. Local recurrence was the first sign of relapse in 11 patients. In 3 patients the localisation of the relapse remained unknown. The corrected 5-year survival rate was 60%. T category and a palpable bladder tumour were independent pre-treatment prognostic factors in a Cox regression analysis, together with the interval between initial diagnosis and cystectomy. The presence of a palpable tumour before the start of treatment was associated with a particularly poor prognosis in T3/T4a tumours, whereas the survival of patients with non-palpable T3/T4a tumours was similar to that of patients with T2 bladder cancer. Another important prognostic factor was post-irradiation stage reduction (no residual muscle infiltration in the cystectomy specimen). Significantly more patients with non-palpable bladder tumours experienced post-radiation stage reduction than did those with a palpable tumour. However, the prognostic value of stage reduction was statistically significant only in patients with palpable bladder tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Endocrine profile in gastric carcinomas. An immunohistochemical study.

22 gastric carcinomas (13 intestinal type and nine diffuse type) were immunostained for neuron specific enolase, chromogranin, Leu-7 and a panel of fifteen different peptide hormones. Five out of the 13 tumours of intestinal type and four out of the nine diffuse carcinomas expressed immunoreactivity for one or more of the pan endocrine markers. Seven out of the 13 tumours of intestinal type and five out of the nine diffuse carcinomas also expressed immunoreactivity for gastrin (3), ACTH (3), serotonin (7) and calcitonin (7). Immunoreactivity for somatostatin (1) and substance P (1) were also seen in two tumours of intestinal type. Seven out of 18 cases with benign mucosa adjacent to the tumours expressed a focal immunoreactivity for chromogranin (6), serotonin (6), gastrin (5) and calcitonin (1). All hormone-producing tumours also expressed immunoreactivity for carcino-embryonic antigen. Our results confirm that a high proportion of gastric carcinomas are hormone producing.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Distribution of the carcinoembryonic antigen CEA in gastric lesions. Immunohistochemical testing of three novel monoclonal antibodies.

Three mouse monoclonal antibodies MAB (CEA 12-140-1, -2 and -4) raised against different CEA epitopes were tested in 32 gastric adenocarcinomas (18 intestinal type and 14 diffuse type) and 34 gastric lesions with severe and moderate dysplasia. The MAB stained 13, 11 and 13 out of the 14 diffuse carcinomas and 11, 13 and 13 out of the 18 intestinal carcinomas. The dysplastic lesions were positive in 9, 9 and 6 out of 34 cases. Less than half of the cases with metaplastic epithelium adjacent to the carcinomas were also positive for MAB. All MAB showed the same pattern of reactivity without cross-reactivity. Their cumulative staining rate corresponded closely to that of polyclonal CEA antiserum, but the MAB stained more cells. The reactivity was confined to intracytoplasmic vacuoles in diffuse carcinomas and appeared diffusely in the cytoplasm or limited to the cell membrane in intestinal type of carcinomas. Our findings do not indicate CEA to be a reliable marker for malignant transformation in gastric mucosa.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Talc dust pneumoconiosis.

Various types of mineral dust can induce interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, but there is no definite correlation between lung X-ray findings, tissue lesions and the type of dust. In this paper, we report on the post mortem verification of talcosis by lung tissue analysis, using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis and x-ray diffractometry.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Smear biopsies: a cause of negative follow-up biopsies in patients with premalignant conditions of the uterine cervix.

The cervical scrape technique used in diagnostic cytology may strip off epithelial sheets larger than 0.5 mm. We call them smear biopsies. We followed with cytological, histopathological and clinical examinations 28 nonpregnant women whose smear biopsies showed severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ. All of them were followed for at least 4 years. In only two of them was atypical epithelium discovered. Our study shows that a cervical scraping may result in negative follow-up histology due to removal of all premalignant epithelium. The cytology findings in these cases should not be considered wrong by either the histopathologists or the clinicans, and the patient should be followed closely with cytological smears to detect recurrences or progression to carcinoma at an early stage.

Adult↗