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Biomedical subjects

A Bergman

Publications and source records attributed to A Bergman.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of thyroid releasing hormone on bladder and urethral pressures.

In order to explain the pathophysiology of urinary urgency frequency observed following the administration of thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) during thyroid function testing, simultaneous urethrocystometry was performed in six females before and after TRH administration, and in another five females before and after administration of normal saline (control group). Within a few minutes following TRH administration, a statistically significant and consistent drop in maximal urethral pressure and concomitant sensation of urinary urgency in the absence of significant changes in true detrusor pressure suggested the presence of a reflex neuronally mediated motor component to this sensory effect of urinary urgency. The absence of urethral and detrusor pressure changes in the control group reinforced the TRH-mediated origin of urinary urgency.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Stimulation of mucosal bicarbonate secretion in rat duodenum in vivo by BW755C.

Bicarbonate secretion from 12 mm segments of duodenum just distal to the Brunner's gland area was titrated (pH 7.60) in situ in anesthetized rats. Intravenous BW755C (10-20 mg/kg) increased both bicarbonate secretion and the transmucosal electrical potential difference and pretreatment with indomethacin (3 mg/kg intravenously) prevented these effects. Indomethacin also inhibited stimulation of HCO3- secretion by luminal acid (10 mM HCl) but had no effect on the rise in secretion in response to exogenous (luminal) prostaglandin E2. The results support previous suggestions of a role for endogenous prostaglandins in mediation of the HCO3- response to acid and are consistent with the recent demonstration that BW755C increased prostaglandin formation in homogenates of rat intestinal mucosa. Stimulation of HCO3- secretion by BW755C was not enhanced but attenuated by preexposure to luminal acid, suggesting that the latter increases secretion by effects other than mucosal mobilization of arachidonate.

4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyraz↗
PubMed1984

Cryotherapy for treatment of genital condylomata during pregnancy.

Cryotherapy for treatment of genital condylomata acuminata was safely and successfully employed on 34 pregnant women in the second (4 cases) and third (30 cases) trimesters of pregnancy. No fetal, maternal or neonatal complications occurred during or following cryosurgery. No recurrences were observed before or six weeks following delivery. Cryotherapy eliminated the need for elective cesarean section in many patients with genital condylomata. Cryotherapy can be safely employed on pregnant women on an outpatient basis irrespective of the gestational period.

Condylomata Acuminata↗
PubMed1984

Advanced hidradenitis suppurativa of the vulva. A report of three cases.

Advanced suppurative hidradenitis resulting from chronic, progressive, inflammatory involvement of apocrine sweat glands often fails to respond to conservative treatment. Extensive surgical excision of all the infected areas with aggressive postoperative wound care in two of three patients provided relief from this debilitating disease. Skin grafting promoted wound healing in addition to improving cosmetic results. Advanced chronic hidradenitis suppurativa of the vulva should be treated with surgery, and conservative management is justifiable only if preparatory to surgical excision.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Urodynamic predictability of voiding following incontinence surgery.

To predict the duration of postoperative bladder drainage required after incontinence surgery, 30 patients were studied preoperatively using voiding-simultaneous urethrocystometry. Based on changes in bladder, urethral, and abdominal pressures, patients were divided into three groups. Patients who demonstrated adequate bladder contraction during voiding did not need prolonged catheterization (P less than .005). Patients who did not demonstrate adequate detrusor contraction and used Valsalva maneuver during voiding were at 12 times greater risk of requiring prolonged postoperative catheterization (P less than .05). Changes observed in urethral and abdominal pressures individually during voiding were not significant predictors of the need for prolonged catheterization. Preoperative knowledge of voiding mechanisms can predict postoperative catheterization need.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Urodynamic effects of a vaginal pessary in women with stress urinary incontinence.

The manner in which a vaginal pessary restores urinary continence is poorly understood. This report provides an explanation. Following placement of the vaginal pessary, detailed urodynamic studies in a group of 12 women with stress urinary incontinence demonstrated consistent and significant (p less than 0.005) increase in urethral functional length and urethral closure pressure under varying stressful conditions, when compared with prepessary studies. Postpessary stress testing also became normal (p less than 0.005). Prepessary and postpessary simultaneous voiding urethrocystometry and instrumented uroflowmetry demonstrated absence of obstruction to free flow of urine. Clinically, 10 of 12 patients became continent. Characteristic postpessary urodynamic alterations and Q-tip test changes provided an objective explanation that the vaginal pessary restored continence by stabilizing the urethra and urethrovesical junction to allow proper pressure transmission and by actively increasing urethral resistance to escape of urine under resting and stressful conditions.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Urodynamic changes after successful operation for stress urinary incontinence.

Urethral closure pressure profiles were evaluated in 18 patients who had surgical cure of stress urinary incontinence. Functional length and maximal closure pressures were compared before and after the operation to determine what effect, if any, successful surgical intervention had on these parameters. No apparent differences were identified. The reasons for successful surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence are unrelated to any change in urethral functional length or closure pressure.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1983

Acceleration of wound healing by topical application of honey. An animal model.

Commercial unboiled honey was applied topically to open wounds of 12 mice. Twelve other mice served as a control group and their wounds were dressed with saline solution only. Wound healing was judged histopathologically by measuring the thickness of granulation tissue, epithelization from the periphery of the wound, and the size of the open wounds. The animals were killed 3, 6, and 9 days from the day they were wounded and treated, and their wounds were examined histopathologically. According to the three mentioned criteria, wounds of the honey-treated animals healed much faster than the wounds of the control animals (p less than 0.001). Unboiled commercial honey seems to accelerate wound healing when applied topically due to its energy-producing properties, its hygroscopic effect on the wound, and its bacteriocidic properties. Our results suggest that honey applied topically on open wounds accelerates the healing process.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

Chlorinated paraffins: disposition of a polychloro-[1-14C]-hexadecane in carp (Cyprinus carpio) and bleak (Alburnus alburnus).

The disposition of polychloro-[1-14C]hexadecane (PCHD, 34% chlorine w/w) was studied in carp (Cyprinus carpio) and bleak (Alburnus alburnus). After intra-arterial (i.a.) injection in carp about 6% of dose was excreted as 14CO2 in 96 h. The autoradiographic distribution pattern after administration of PCHD to carp (i.a.) and bleak (up to 14 days of exposure in PCHD-contaminated water) was characterized by a strong labelling in the bile/intestinal contents. High radioactivity also appeared in the kidney, liver, gills and, particularly in bleak, in the nasal cavity, lens and skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Antibiotic prophylaxis after instrumentation for urodynamic testing.

This study of 96 women shows that there is doubtful value in routine antibiotic prophylaxis after urodynamic investigation. An unexpectedly high number of women harboured unsuspected infections at the time of evaluation despite prior screening, which suggests prophylaxis would be more useful if given before the tests.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Genetic factors influencing neurosensitivity to early phenobarbital administration in mice.

This study was designed to assess the possible genetic determinants of neurosensitivity to early (neonatal) phenobarbital (PhB) administration and to conduct a strain comparison for the cerebellar histology of both inbred and outbred mice. HS/Ibg, C57BL/10 and DBA/1 pups were injected with 50 mg PhB/kg daily on neonatal days 2-21. On day 50, treated animals (B) of all strains had smaller brains than controls (C). Moreover, the cerebellar area was decreased in HS and C57 B mice but not in DBA mice, suggesting genotype-environment interaction. B mice from all strains had similar Purkinje cell losses. Strain comparison showed that control C57 mice had smaller brains than control HS, and DBA had smaller brains than both HS and C57. Similarly, C57 had smaller cerebellar layers than HS and DBA had smaller cerebellar layers than both HS and C57. DBA and C57 mice had fewer Purkinje cells than HS but did not differ from each other.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Metabolites of 2,4',5-trichlorobiphenyl in rats.

Nineteen metabolites of 2,4',5-trichlorobiphenyl were isolated from rat urine, faeces and bile. These metabolites resulted from one or more of the following transformations: dechlorination, hydroxylation, thiolation, methylthiolation, methylthio oxidation, dihydrodiol formation, mercapturic acid formation and conjugation with glucuronic acid. Mercapturic acid-pathway metabolites were the major metabolites in the bile. Methylthio-, methylsulphinyl- and methylsulphonyl-containing metabolites were the major metabolites in the faeces of control rats. A synthetic pathway for the preparation of sulphur-containing metabolites of trichlorobiphenyl is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Urodynamic appraisal of the Bonney test in women with stress urinary incontinence.

To determine the validity of the Bonney test as a prognostic screening test for urinary incontinence, the urethral and urethrovesical functions were studied under resting and stressful conditions. The characteristic similarity of changes was evident in the functional profile length, closure pressure, and cough pressure profile of the urethra during performance of the Bonney test and intentional urethral occlusion. This study clearly invalidated the Bonney test by objectively demonstrating that the Bonney test restored continence under stress of coughing by obstructing the urethra and urethrovesical junction.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Metabolism of 2,4'5-trichlorobiphenyl: enrichment of hydroxylated and methyl sulphone metabolites in the uterine luminal fluid of pregnant mice.

Autoradiography of 2,4',5-trichloro-[14C] biphenyl ([14C] triCB) in mice at different stages of gestation indicated a strong accumulation of radioactivity in the uterine luminal fluid at gestation day 9 and later. From day 10 an uptake of radioactivity occurred also in the yolk sac epithelium. In order to identify the suspected metabolites in the fluid pregnant mice were dosed with unlabelled triCB on gestation day 9. Gas chromatographic (GC) and mass fragmentographic (MF) analysis of extracts of uterine fluid obtained on day 12 showed that hydroxylated, methyl sulphone and conjugated metabolites were present in the fluid. The unchanged triCB could not be detected in the extracts of the fluid. The site of release of the metabolites to the fluid may be the endometrium or, possibly, the yolk sac epithelium. The mechanism behind the concentration of water-insoluble methyl sulphone and hydroxylated metabolites of triCB in an aquatic phase is discussed.

Animals↗