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Biomedical subjects

A Barone

Publications and source records attributed to A Barone.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Periodontal status and selected cultivable anaerobic microflora of insulin-dependent juvenile diabetics.

The periodontal status and subgingival microflora of insulin-dependent juvenile diabetic (JD) patients (n = 16, mean age = 11.3) were compared with that of their non-diabetic cohabiting healthy siblings (HS, n = 16, mean age = 13.2). JD patients were monitored every 3 months for levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and clinical and microbial parameters were measured 6 weeks before drawing blood for levels of HbA1c (M% = 8.76). Clinical indices, measured for the entire permanent dentition, included: probing depth (PD), attachment level (AL), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and plaque index (PI). Subgingival plaque samples were obtained at 2 sites from each subject; whenever possible, the site with the deepest probing depth and the mesial aspect of the maxillary right first molar were used. Microbial analyses were determined by cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. No significant differences were detected in any of the clinical indices for the entire dentition. The mean AL for JD sites was 2.32 +/- 0.83 mm and for HS sites was 2.2 +/- 0.85 mm. Mean percentage of total cultivable anaerobic microflora included Capnocytophaga spp. (JD, 13.21%; HS, 11%) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (JD, 5.1%; HS, 7.9%). Differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. When cluster analysis was performed on sampled sites, one cluster group in JD patients showed significantly elevated P. gingivalis and lower Capnocytophaga spp. levels as compared to the overall mean. The clinical parameters of this cluster were characterized by statistically significant greater loss of attachment and probing depth. These data would suggest few differences between JD patients and their HS in this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cisplatin as a radiation sensitizer in the treatment of advanced head and neck cancers. Results of a phase II study.

BACKGROUND: Surgery and radiotherapy mainstays in the management of advanced head and neck cancer, although historically, only 20-30% of patients survive. Therefore, in an attempt to improve locoregional control and survival, a multimodal protocol using cisplatin as a radiosensitizer was implemented. METHODS: Between 1984 and 1990, 68 patients with advanced head and neck cancer (Stages III and IV) were treated with a regimen consisting of an induction phase of 4500 cGy and two cycles of cisplatin followed by an eradicative phase of either radical surgery (Group A, 27 patients) or radical radiotherapy (Group B, 41 patients). The maintenance phase chemotherapy consisted of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin after completion of locoregional treatment. Of the 68 patients, 19 had Stage III disease, and 49 had Stage IV; 21 had no regional lymph node metastases (N0), and 47 had regional lymph node metastases (N+). RESULTS: The induction phase yielded a 26% (18 patients) complete response (CR) rate and a 57% (39 patients) partial response (PR) rate (response > 50%), yielding an overall response rate of 83%. Eleven patients (16%) had stable disease (ST) (i.e., < 50% response). The 2-year survival rates by initial treatment response for patients who had a CR, a PR, and stable disease were 53%, 56%, and 36%, respectively; for Groups A and B, 63% and 45%, respectively; for Stages III and IV, 68% and 43%, respectively; and for N0 and N+, 69% and 43%, respectively. In Group A, 14 of 27 patients (52%) had no viable tumor in the surgical specimen (i.e. had pathologic complete tumor clearance [CTC]); this subgroup had a 5-year survival rate of 58%. Ten patients (37%) who had gross total resection of tumor with negative margins but had tumor present in the specimen had a 5-year survival of 22%. In Group B, the 5-year survival rate was 43% for 27 patients who achieved CR after completion of radical radiotherapy (total tumor dose, 6480-7020 cGy). The 5-year survival rate of the 14 patients who had a PR and stable disease after radical radiotherapy and 3 patients whose resection was incomplete was 0%. The overall 2- and 5-year survival rates for all patients were 53% and 32%, respectively. Of 21 patients in whom treatment failed, most (90%) had a locoregional recurrence: 13 local recurrences (62%), 5 regional (24%), and 1 locoregional (5%). Two patients (10%) experienced failure at distant sites (the lung). Major treatment-related morbidity developed in two patients. CONCLUSIONS: Although induction chemotherapy-radiotherapy produces a high clinical response rate, this does not translate into improved survival compared with historical controls. A subgroup that showed complete tumor clearance (CTC or pathologic complete response) at surgery had an apparent improved survival and merits further study. Patient selection did not appear to be a factor for the CTC group, because the majority of patients in this group had partial responses to induction therapy, nodal disease and advanced tumor stage, and tumor presence in unfavorable sites.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

Stimulation of lamina propria lymphocytes by intestinal epithelial cells: evidence for recognition of nonclassical restriction elements.

We have addressed the restriction elements involved in the interaction of lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) and intestinal epithelial cells using the model of primary mixed cell culture reaction. Whereas peripheral blood T cells proliferate in response to both allogeneic non T cells and class II antigen-bearing intestinal epithelial cells (non T cells >> epithelial cells), LP T cells appear to proliferate preferentially in response to intestinal epithelial cells. The interaction between these cells does not appear to be restricted by conventional products of the major histocompatibility complex as neither monoclonal antibodies to class I nor to class II antigens inhibit the mixed cell cultures, whereas they are inhibitory in conventional mixed lymphocyte reactions. Furthermore, treatment of epithelial cells with interferon gamma fails to augment the cells' ability to induce proliferation of LPL while successfully enhancing proliferation of peripheral blood T cells in parallel cultures. Taken together, these data suggest that alternate restriction elements or mucosa-specific accessory molecules may exist on intestinal epithelial cells that are preferentially recognized by LPLs. Such a distinct regulatory network may be critical to the maintenance of immunologic homeostasis in the gut.

Cell Communication↗
PubMed1994

[Periodontal regeneration: the use of polypeptide growth factors].

Polypeptide growth factors are a class of potent natural biologic mediators which regulate many of the activities of wound healing including cell proliferation, migration and metabolism. Periodontal regeneration is thought to require the migration and proliferation of periodontal ligament cells on the root surface. In fact, repopulation of the detached root surface by cells from periodontal ligament (PDL) is a prerequisite for new attachment formation. Many studies suggested that Polypeptide Growth Factors (PGF) such as Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Transforming Growth Factor B (TGF-B), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), are important mediators of cellular events in wound healing. Studies in vitro analysed the mitogenic effects determined on periodontal ligament cells by growth factors using (3H) Thymidine incorporation during DNA synthesis. The results suggested that recombinant human PDGF and IGF-I stimulate the proliferation of PDL fibroblastic cells and the combination of these growth factors showed a synergistic effect revealing the highest mitogenic effect among all individual growth factors as well as any combination of the growth factors tested. Furthermore these studies demonstrated that rh-PDGF and IGF-I stimulate chemotaxis of PDL fibroblastic cells, and supported a role for TGF-B as a regulator of the mitogenic response to PDGF in these cells. Other studies in vivo showed periodontal tissues regeneration introducing mixtures of recombinant human platelet derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor into lesions of experimentally induced periodontitis in beagle dogs and monkeys.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The therapy of anterior disk dislocation in craniomandibular disorders. A clinical case report].

The authors discuss the outcomes of therapy for CMDs and present a clinical case reporting an alternative method for the treatment of disc displacement. The orthopaedic therapy for CMDs is based on the use of interocclusal splints. Two kind of splints are prescribed to patients with CMDs: stabilization or repositioning splint. The former is used for a conservative treatment, the latter for irreversible treatment. In view of the poor long-term success of repositioning therapy, the cost of subsequent dental treatment, and the great potential for iatrogenic occlusal and muscular problems, the authors believe that the initial treatment approaches should be, in any case, conservative, reversible, and non invasive. The authors prescribe to their patients the repositioning splint for use either part-time or full time use. Part-time use is effective for preventing disc displacement without reduction. If used full time, once joint noises, pain, and displacement are decreased, the appliance should be adjusted to/or replaced with a stabilization appliance to allow posterior positioning of the mandible into a more physiologically stable position. The authors present a clinical case, a 27 yo female with disc displacement with reduction was treated with stabilization splint. After 6 weeks of therapy she returned reporting a temporary closed lock and sharp pain in the left TMJ. An anterior repositioning splint was fabricated in order to position the mandible forward. After 10 weeks of this treatment the patient reported absence of joint/muscle symptoms and of joint noise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

RFLP mapping on potato chromosomes of two genes controlling extreme resistance to potato virus X (PVX).

Two different chromosomal locations of major genes controlling extreme resistance to potato virus X (PVX) were found by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of two populations segregating for the resistance. The resistance gene Rx1 mapped to the distal end of chromosome XII, whereas Rx2 was located at an intermediate position on linkage group V in a region where reduced recombination and segregation distortion have also been observed. These linkage anomalies were due to abnormal behaviour of the chromosome contributed by the resistant parent P34. The results presented were obtained using two different strategies for mapping genes of unknown location. One approach was the use of probes revealing polymorphic loci spread throughout the genome and resulted in the mapping of Rx1. The second approach was based on the assumption of possible linkage between the resistance gene and clone-specific DNA fragments introduced from a wild potato species. Rx2 was mapped by adopting this strategy.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1991

[Guided regeneration of the periodontal tissues with resorbable and nonresorbable membranes. II. Microbiological evaluation].

The present experimental study has been undertaken in order to analyze the influence of bacterial recolonization on periodontal wound healing following guided tissue regeneration therapy in humans. Two different surgical techniques has been carried out: one using a non absorbable membrane and the other a absorbable one. Microbiological data indicate no statistically significant difference between the techniques employed. Furthermore our data have confirmed the necessity of maintaining the healing sites free from the main periodontal pathogens.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical experience with an anticholinergic spasmolytic cimetropium bromide in the treatment of patients with renal colic].

We treated 38 consecutive outpatients with ureter colic with a new anticholinergic spasmolytic agent, cimetropium bromide, in order to evaluate its efficacy in this condition. After assessing pain intensity by means of a visual analogic scale, we administered 5 mg i.v. Already after 30 minutes, 4 patients (11%) reported complete subsidence of pain. In 21 patients (55%) pain subsided almost completely within one hour. Eighteen patients required a second 5 mg i.v. injection after one hour; of these, 13 (72%) had complete regression or marked reduction of pain. Apart from dryness of the mouth which appeared in two cases after the second injection and was of moderate intensity, no side effects were observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[The treatment of refractory hyperlipoproteinemias].

The authors have studied a group of 25 patients treated with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor associated with DEAE-dextran, a safe and useful drug for the treatment of dyslipidemia. The patients were selected from a group of subjects previously submitted to long-term treatment with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor only who had failed to achieve normal cholesterol blood levels. The combined treatment with DEAE-dextran (1.5 g 3 times daily) and simvastatin (20 mg once daily) for 90 days lead to a further significant decrease in cholesterol and triglyceride blood levels. These findings confirm the validity of the association of an ion exchange resin with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in the treatment of refractory dyslipidemias.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1990

[A large case load of patients with dyslipidemia: effects of treatment with deae-dextran].

The authors report the results of an open trial in 859 dyslipidemic patients, performed with the cooperation of general practitioners, treated with isocaloric diet and daily doses of 3 g deae-dextran for 3 months. Deae-dextran was effective in reducing cholesterol and triglyceride blood levels and in controlling body weight. The drug was very well tolerated and no significant side effects were registered during treatment with deae-dextran.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Localization by restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping in potato of a major dominant gene conferring resistance to the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis.

A major dominant locus conferring resistance against several pathotypes of the root cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis was mapped on the linkage map of potato using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. The assessment of resistance versus susceptibility of the plants in the experimental population considered was based on an in vivo (pot) and an in vitro (petri dish) test. By linkage to nine RFLP markers the resistance locus Gro1 was assigned to the potato linkage group IX which is homologous to the tomato linkage group 7. Deviations from the additivity of recombination frequencies between Gro1 and its neighbouring markers in the pot test led to the detection of a few phenotypic misclassifications of small plants with poor root systems that limited the observation of cysts on susceptible roots. Pooled data from both tests provided better estimates of recombination frequencies in the linkage interval defined by the markers flanking the resistance locus.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Primary adult lactose malabsorption in Italy: regional differences in prevalence and relationship to lactose intolerance and milk consumption.

A study of regional differences in prevalence of primary adult lactose malabsorption in Italy was conducted on 205 subjects. Their origin was determined by their grandparents' birthplace, 89 from northern, 65 from central, and 51 from southern areas of Italy. Lactose malabsorption was diagnosed with standard oral lactose tolerance test and blood glucose determinations. Lactose malabsorbers showed symptoms more frequently than absorbers after the test load of lactose (p less than 0.01) they also reported milk intolerance more frequently (p less than 0.01). Prevalence of lactose malabsorption is significantly lower in the central sample (19%) than in the northern (52%) and southern (41%) samples (p less than 0.01). This finding contrasts with the hypothesis of a continuous increase in frequency of lactose malabsorption from northern to southern Europe and is probably due to the complex genetic history of the Italian population.

Adult↗