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Biomedical subjects

A B Poletaev

Publications and source records attributed to A B Poletaev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Dialectics and implications of natural neurotropic autoantibodies in neurological disease and rehabilitation.

The role of natural idiotypic (Id-Abs) and anti-idiotypic (AId-Abs) autoantibodies against neuroantigens observed in different neurological disorders is not fully understood. In particular, limited experimental evidence has been provided concerning the qualitative and quantitative serological response after acute injuries of the central nervous system or during chronic mental diseases. In this study, we analyzed the specific Id-Abs and AId-Abs serological reactivities against 4 neuro-antigens in a large population of patients with ischemic stroke, schizophrenia, as well as healthy individuals. Patients with ischemic stroke were tested at different time points following the acute stroke episode and a correlation was attempted between autoantibodies response and different patterns of functional recovery. Results showed variable and detectable Id-Abs and AId-Abs in different proportions of all three populations of subjects. Among patients with different functional recovery after ischemic stroke, a difference in time-related trends of Id-Abs and AId-Abs was encountered. Our observations suggest that changes in the production of natural neurotropic Abs may engender a positive homeostatic, beside a possible pathogenic effect, in specific neurological disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

The immunological homunculus (immunculus) in normal state and pathology.

The immunculus is considered as the system (general network) of constitutively expressed natural autoantibodies against different extracellular, membrane, cytoplasmic, and nuclear self-antigens (ubiquitous and organ-specific). It is specially noted that the repertoires of natural autoantibodies are surprisingly constant in healthy persons, independent of gender and age, and characterized by only minimal individual peculiarities (individual immune fingerprints). On the other hand, abnormal metabolic changes which precede the clinical manifestation of different diseases showed easily detected changes, rather quantitative than qualitative, in the systems of natural autoantibodies in patients' sera (immunculus distortions). This phenomena could supposedly be used for "mapping" the state of physiological norm in terms of the millions of natural autoantibody repertoires, and for elaboration of the methods for early (preclinical) detection of potentially pathogenic metabolic changes. Could the individual features of the general network of constitutively expressed natural autoantibodies reflect the functional state of the body and be used for "mapping" of normal and pathological functional state? Could the changes in production of some biologically active natural autoantibodies not only reflect the state of the body, but be used for partial compensation of functional deficiency of certain molecular systems? These and related questions are discussed in this article. The research project "immunculus" is proposed for international cooperative investigations.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed2000

Serum anti-S100b, anti-GFAP and anti-NGF autoantibodies of IgG class in healthy persons and patients with mental and neurological disorders.

Natural autoantibodies of IgG class to proteins S100b, glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), and nerve growth factor (NGF) are presented in serum of healthy adults and those levels/affinities are relatively constant and may vary among individuals within narrow limits. In patients with depressive disorder, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease dispersion of such autoantibodies serum levels were often found beyond the normal ranges. Most of the patient groups include cases with significantly elevated as well as abnormally decreased immunoreactivity parameters. This leads us to assumption that changes in some basic mechanisms of individual immune state represent the common features of different forms of pathology of the nervous system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[The humoral immunity characteristics of women with neurotic depressions].

The levels of autoantibodies and their anti-idiotypes to proteins of nervous tissue (S100b, GFAP, MP65 and nerve growth factor) were studied in 85 women of 18-48 years of age with psychogenic neurotic depressions. It was found that the changes of the levels of autoantibodies to the proteins of nervous tissue correspond to various somatoautonomic manifestations and correlate with severity of depression, its typological variations and duration of the disease. The data obtained show a close relationship between nervous and immune systems that was expressed by some parallelism of the dynamics of the changes of both neurotic depressive symptoms and serum immunoreactivity to neuroantigens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Possible mechanisms of diabetic fetopathy.

By using immunoaffine chromatography and ELISA it was found that 30-35% polyclonal of anti-insulin antibodies (AB1) in sera of diabetes patients has bound with high-affinity to Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). This indicates the presence of common epitop(s) in both molecules and could be a reason for NGF deprivation during formation of the nervous system in fetuses of diabetic pregnant women. Patient sera also usually characterized by elevated level of antiidiotypic antibodies (AIAb2) which interact with membrane insulin receptors, and may induce the general metabolic disturbances in fetus and newborns from diabetic mothers, fatal sometimes. High levels of anti-insulin/NGF Ab1 may bind excess of AIAb2 and prevents the insulin receptors dysfunction (typical for newborns in satisfactory health state). On the other hand--children with elevated levels of Ab1 at age 1-3 years often revealed clinical signs of neuropathology.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Changes of maternal serum natural antibodies of IgG class to proteins MBP, S100, ACBP14/18 and MP65 and embryonic misdevelopments in humans.

Immunoreactivity that is contents/affinity of natural antibodies (N-Ab) of IgG class to developmentally related proteins MBP, S100, ACBP14/18 and MP65 were measured in serum samples of 1987 women at their pregnancy terms of 3-12 weeks. The pregnancy results of the examined women were analyzed 4-9 months later. It was revealed that frequencies of cases of stopped early pregnancies, intrauterine and antenatal fetal deaths, and births of newborns with coarse inborn defects are directly related to deviation of the examined maternal N-Ab content/affinity from the physiological limits: abnormally high as well as abnormally low reactivity during first trimester of pregnancy, both could be related to unfavorable results of pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Transfer of elevated anti-S-100 autoimmunity from mother to offspring in rats.

Pregnant Wistar female rats were injected with polyclonal rabbit antibodies (AB) to S-100 brain protein. Control groups received equivalent amount of AB to bovine serum albumin or non-immune rabbit's IgG. An increased level of anti-S100 immunoreactivity was detected by ELISA or its enhanced variant ASPAG (from Amplified Solid Phase Attached Antigen-Antibody Grid formation) in the serum of 1 month old offsprings of group treated with AB to S-100. Obtained data indicate the possibility of inborn epigenetical "imprinting" of specific autoimmune reactions which may be important for the development of certain forms of nervous system diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Serum antibodies to brain protein antigens in cerebral palsy in children].

Using special brain antigen test-system ELITEST-24, ELISA assays of the serum of children with cerebral palsy were conducted. The data obtained were compared to relevant characteristics of the sera from neurologically and somatically healthy persons and patients with diagnoses of multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, epilepsy and hepato-cerebral dystrophy according to special PC program VIZUAL and DIAGNOST. High specificity of the cerebral palsy anti-brain antigens reactivity was revealed by ELITEST technique. Moreover, the comparison of the mother-child pair immunoreactivity has been conducted. Evidence for hypothesis of epigenetically performing of children antibodies repertoires by mother-during-pregnancy immune status were obtained. Possible immunopathologic mechanisms of the disease are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of beta endorphin and delta-sleep inducing peptide on resistance to emotional stress].

Enzyme immunoassay was used to study the contents of beta-endorphin and delta-sleep inducing peptide (DSIP) in blood and hypothalamus in rats of Wistar and August lines under acute emotional stress. The stress-resistance of the animals was determined by using preliminary behavior tests. The rats were divided into two groups and predisposed to acute emotional stress. It was found that the contents of these peptides in Wistar-rats, which are more resistant to emotional stress, were higher compared with the August-rats, which are more predisposed to emotional stress. It was shown that the contents of beta-endorphin and DSIP in Wistar-rats is higher than in predisposed Wistar-rats.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Delta sleep-inducing peptide in the blood and hypothalamus of rats with various resistance to emotional stress].

Enzyme immunoassay was used to study delta-sleep peptide content in blood and hypothalamus in rats of Wistar lines under acute emotional stress. It was found that the content of delta-sleep peptide in blood and hypothalamus of stable rats was higher as compared with rats predisposed to emotional stress. After 1.5-hour emotional stress the content of delta-sleep peptide increased in blood and hypothalamus both in stable rats and predisposed ones. After 3-hour stress there was an increase in delta-sleep peptide content in hypothalamus, and contrary to its decrease in blood in both stable and predisposed animals. It is supposed that delta-sleep peptide along with other oligopeptides is one of the factors determining individual animal resistance to emotional stress, which is supported by significant delta-sleep peptide increase in hypothalamus in stable rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Limited proteolysis of brain-specific protein S100. Isolation, physico-chemical and immunochemical characteristics of the neuropeptide AT-1-1].

Six peptides (presumably products of natural protein S100 catabolism) were isolated from bovine brain extracts by hydrophobic chromatography, affinity chromatography on immobilized antiprotein S100 antibodies, gel filtration and chromatography on TSK HW-40 columns in a methanol: water system. At 10(-12) M, peptide AT-I-I caused a 70% inhibition of the specific binding activity of endogenous benzodiazepine brain receptors. When used at higher concentrations (10(-9)-10(-5) M), AT-I-I inhibited the binding activity of central serotonin, dopamine and m-cholinoreceptors. Immunochemical analysis revealed the presence of identical material in rat brain glial cell nuclei (astrocytes). Using a solid phase immunoenzymatic assay, it was shown that peptide AT-I-I was not identical to any other of the 14 peptides tested (commercial preparations). Data from immunochemical analysis testified to the species non-specificity of AT-I-I. It was concluded that in brain tissue natural proteolysis of proteins S100 leads to the formation of biologically active oligopeptide products that are involved, in particular, in the modulation of the functional activity of central benzodiazepine receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[New data on the molecular heterogeneity of brain-specific protein S100].

A comparative study of distribution of labeled products of endogenous limited proteolysis of the "major" (MF) and "minor" (S100-26) fractions of proteins S100 from rat brain by ion-exchange chromatography was carried out with a view of testing the hypothesis on the formation of proteins S100 molecular associates as a possible cause of molecular weight heterogeneity of proteins S100. There is evidence that proteins S100-MF and S100-26 are different species of brain-specific S100 proteins. The experimental results also suggest that the brain-specific proteins S100-MF and S100-26 are adsorbed both by glial cells and by neurons. Some physico-chemical properties of peptide proteolytic products of various species of proteins S100 were investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Brain-specific proteins S 100 and reception of neuromediators by membrane preparations from the rat brain].

Study on specific binding of ligands of various nervous cell membrane neuromediator receptors revealed that brain-specific proteins S100 modulated in a dose-dependent fashion the level of specific binding. Proteins S100 (but not BSA or blood gamma-globulins) changed the Kd values of the ligand-receptor complexes and the number of binding sites. The effects of proteins S100 were specifically blocked by antibodies to S100. Proteins S100 influenced the functions of acetylcholine, serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline and GABA receptors but not of opiate, imipramine, histamine and benzodiazepine receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Immunoenzyme analysis of the antigenic orientation of "anti-brain" autoantibodies in the serum of epileptics].

With the help of a solid-phase ELISA and the test system of rat brain antigens (protein fractions divided by isoelectrofocusing into zones differing in pI values) the authors discovered autoantibodies to species-nonspecific protein antigens of the brain in the blood sera of epileptic patients and obtained data on the spectra of the antigenic orientation of these autoantibodies. It has been noted that the epileptics' blood sera are characterized by high titres of autoantibodies to glial brain-specific proteins of the group S-100, as well as by undifferentiated proteins, with pI values 3-3.5 and 5-5.5. There were no significant differences in the spectra of the antigenic orientation of autoantibodies in patients with different frequencies of seizures and the localization of the epileptic focus. Considerable differences in the orientation of cerebral autoantibodies in patients with different disease standing were discovered.

Animals↗