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Biomedical subjects

A Aiello

Publications and source records attributed to A Aiello.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A6--a new 45RO monoclonal antibody for immunostaining of paraffin-embedded tissues.

The authors report on the extensive characterization, on normal and pathologic tissues, of the T-cell-specific monoclonal antibody (MoAb) A6, which the authors previously found to identify a fixation- and paraffin-embedding-resistant epitope. A6 reacted with most T lymphocytes, macrophages, and Langerhans' cells of normal tissues and with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (31 of 34), Ki-1+ lymphomas (12 of 18), and T-cell leukemias (1 of 5). All cases of X and non-X histiocytosis examined and monocytic leukemias with mature phenotype only were A6 positive. Three of 47 cases of B-cell lymphoma and leukemia were labeled. Hairy cell leukemias, multiple myelomas, and Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells were negative. The A6 reactivity was preserved with different fixatives (formalin, Bouin's fluid, Carnoy's fixative, and B5) and decalcification procedures and was slightly enhanced by trypsin digestion. The pattern of reactivity of A6 was similar to that obtained with MoAb UCHL-1, recognizing the CD45RO determinant of leukocyte common antigen; however, in pathologic tissues, A6 labeled a higher percentage of cells than UCHL-1. Cross-blocking and enzyme digestion studies (Pronase E [Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO] and neuraminidase [Sigma Chemical]) indicated that the two MoAbs may identify close epitopes on the same molecule. In conclusion, the authors' study indicates that A6 is an excellent reagent for detection of the CD45RO molecule on paraffin-embedded normal and pathologic tissues.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[Lymphocyte subpopulations and the soluble interleukin-2 receptor in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and subacute thyroiditis].

There are no univocal experimental data in literature about T cell clone alterations in the peripheral blood during Hashimoto's thyroiditis (TH), autoimmune disease, and during subacute thyroiditis (TSA), an inflammatory thyroid lesion with possibility of "self-perpetuation". The object of our research was to examine the T cell clones, soluble fraction of interleukin 2 receptor and HLA-DR modifications in patients with TH and TSA compared with healthy population. Our results show significant increase of sIL-2r in the TSA compared with normal subjects and with patients TH, where on the contrary, a constant increase of HLA-DR was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Immunologic and cytologic aspects of Hashimoto's thyroiditis during therapy with thymopentin].

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of thyroid autoantibodies and frequent coexistence of other autoimmune disorders. The object of our research was to examine the peripheral blood and fine-needle cytology modifications in patients with this disease during therapy with Timopentina. Our results suggested a possible therapeutic effect of Timopentina, as an alternative to traditional cortisone treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in the thyroid function during treatment of psychiatric disorders using lithium salts].

Lithium, a monovalent cation used mainly in the management of certain psychiatric disorders, appears to act on thyroid function and to interfere with T3 and T4 secretion. The authors have followed 10 patients treated with lithium salts for two years and have monitored some parameters of thyroid function. Clinical and laboratory signs of hypothyroidism appeared in one case and subsided after withdrawal of lithium treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and situs viscerum inversus.

We describe a 74-year-old woman with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and situs viscerum inversus. The radiographic alterations typical of DISH were present only on the left side of her thoracic spine. The role of the thoracic aorta in preventing DISH adjacent to its side and some pathogenetic aspects of this skeletal disorder are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

CD1c but neither CD1a nor CD1b molecules are expressed on normal, activated, and malignant human B cells: identification of a new B-cell subset.

The CD1 cluster of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c, identifies molecules that are differentially expressed on hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic tissues. Our earlier finding that the mantle zone (MZ) but not the germinal center (GC) of normal lymph nodes (LN) is CD1c+, CD1a-, and CD1b- prompted us to further investigate the expression of these molecules on normal, activated, and malignant B cells. We report that blood and spleen contain CD1c+ B cells that account for 49% +/- 20.4% (mean +/- SD) and 50.9% +/- 4.4% of the total B cell population, respectively. CD1a- and CD1b-specific MoAbs are unreactive with both B and T cells; these latter are CD1c- as well. When CD1c+ and CD1c- B cells are activated in vitro, the CD1c molecule is upregulated in the former subset and induced de novo in the latter. Conversely, activated blood T cells remain CD1c-. Neither CD1a nor CD1b molecules are detected on activated T and B lymphocytes. At ultrastructural level, the CD1c+ B cells exhibit distinctive features, namely, condensed chromatin with or without a nucleolus and a unique cluster of cytoplasmic vesicles and organelles; the number of nucleolated cells is higher in the spleen (95%) than in the tonsil (40%) or blood (5%). These findings further confirm the similarity between blood and MZ B cells. The CD1c expression assessed on 27 B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias (B-CLL) and 46 B non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL) was detected on 41% and 32% of cases, respectively; the latter comprised four follicular and 11 diffuse histotypes. The Burkitt's lymphomas were CD1c-negative. The B-cell neoplasms were all CD1a- and, except for four with a weak cytoplasmic staining, all CD1b- as well. The clear-cut CD1c distribution in normal LN (MZ+, GC-) contrasted with the evidence that some B-NHL cells of GC origin (eg, follicular with predominantly small cleaved cells) were CD1c+. Overall, the finding that CD1c expression is restricted to a fraction of B cells present in lymphoid organs and in peripheral blood indicates that CD1c is a powerful marker for the identification and dissection of B-cell subsets whose functional properties can now be evaluated.

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1988

Isolation of a nonendotoxic antitumor preparation from Serratia marcescens.

White-type polysaccharide preparation (WPS) obtained from Serratia marcescens bacteria by hot 0.2 N acetic acid extraction was shown to have antitumor effects. These were manifested by enhanced resistance to the take of TA3 transplantable murine adenocarcinoma and by the induction of regression of Meth A sarcoma in mice. Optimal conditions for the liberation and isolation of these substances were sought to achieve the highest antitumor activity and the lowest endotoxin (ET) content. Simultaneously, the activities of the WPS preparations were tested in various tests which are frequently used as in vitro correlates of in vivo antitumor effects, such as the activation of macrophage cytotoxicity, activation of natural killer (NK) cells, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) generation. We found that the enhanced resistance to the take of TA3 tumor correlated with ET content of the WPS preparations. Preparations with reduced or no ET content showed diminishing activity in this assay or were without any measurable effect. The induction of TNF production and NK activation did not show such close relationship with the ET content. This was particularly evident if testing WPS samples obtained after 60 or 120 min hydrolysis at 90 degrees C. The greatest discrepancy was found between ET content and the Meth A regression induction. Samples with no detectable ET content and no activity in the macrophage, NK, or TNF tests were potent inducers of Meth A regression. Partial purification of such WPS samples could be achieved and a preparation was obtained with high Meth A regression capacity. Preliminary chemical analysis of this preparation showed 25.5% amino acid, 53.7% neutral carbohydrate, less than 0.4% KDO, 0.8% hexosamine, less than 0.1% phosphorous, and less 1.0% long-chain carboxylic acid content. The above chemical analytical data are not consistent with designating such preparations as ET or ET derivatives, such as Lipid A or its split products. This conclusion was confirmed by the lack of endotoxic properties as determined by biological assays on this preparation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Lymphocyte populations in peripheral blood and in liver biopsy specimens from patients with acute and chronic hepatitis.

Lymphocyte subpopulations, both in peripheral blood and in liver specimens obtained with the Menghini needle, were evaluated by E and EA rosette technique in 30 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 8 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 11 patients with acute viral hepatitis (AVH) and 11 patients with normal histology or minimal non-specific changes. Circulating E-RCF concentration and percentage were significantly decreased in CAH and CPH patients. Only one patient with acute hepatitis had a decreased number of circulating E-RFC. The ratio of peripheral blood E-RFC to liver tissue E-RFC was decreased in the patient with chronic disease. In all the groups studied, the percentage of liver tissue and peripheral EA-RFC was similar to that found in the blood from controls. Significant differences were not found between patients with and without evidence for HB viral infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of differentiation and adhesion molecules in sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma.

The phenotypic features of 44 cases of sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) were investigated by monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). The majority of cases were positive for HLA-DR (97 per cent), CD19 (100 per cent), CD20 (92 per cent) and CD37 (83 per cent) pan-B markers, in accordance with the B-cell derivation of the tumour; the B-cell restricted markers CD21, CD22 and FMC7 reacted with 28 per cent, 66 per cent and 75 per cent of cases, respectively. Of the mantle zone B-cell specific MoAbs, CD1c was always negative, whereas CD23 and 2.7 were positive with one and two cases, respectively. CD39 was weakly reactive on two specimens, one of which was CD23+. The germinal centre specific MoAbs CD10 and CD77 (Burkitt's lymphoma antigen) displayed a heterogeneous pattern of reactivity and allowed to identify 4 subgroups: CD10+/CD77+ (44 per cent), CD10+/CD77- (15 per cent), CD10-/CD77+ (36 per cent) and CD10-/CD77- (5 per cent). Of 15 cases tested for the expression of CD11a and CD18 lymphocyte-function-associated (LFA-1) antigens and their ligand ICAM-1 (CD54), seven were positive and six negative for the three markers, while the other two cases expressed alternatively the two molecules. Analysis of the putative normal BL cell counterpart, identified with the CD77 marker in normal lymphoid tissues, showed that all CD77+ B-cells were constitutively CD11a+/CD18+, suggesting that BLs are likely to arise from a LFA-1 positive B-cell and may down-regulate these molecules during neoplastic transformation.

Adolescent↗