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Biomedical subjects

A Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to A Adachi.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Experimental parainfluenzavirus infection in mice: fatal illness with atrophy of thymus and spleen in mice caused by a variant of parainfluenza 3 virus.

Intracerebral inoculation of the YN strain of parainfluenza 3 virus was found to induce an acute fatal illness characterized by marked thymic and splenic atrophy in newborn mice. Previously we showed that the YN strain contains three distinct plaque-type variants, LT, SC, and M. Of these, the M-type variant induced this fatal illness, whereas the other two variants induced hydrocephalus.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Fv-1 determinants in xenotropic murine leukemia viruses studied with biological assay systems: Isolation of xenotropic virus with N-tropic Fv-1 activity in the cryptic form.

By a biological assay system using phenotypically mixed ecotropic and xenotropic murine leukemia viruses, we investigated whether in the virions of a xenotropic virus there is N- or B-tropic Fv-1 determinant in active form. The existence of N-tropic Fv-1 determinant was demonstrated in SL-XT-1 xenotropic virus isolated from the spleen of a 3-month-old SL mouse, and the N-tropic Fv-1 tropism was confirmed by analysis of the phenotypically mixed viruses harvested from clonal SC-1 cells doubly infected with the SL-XT-1 and B-tropic ecotropic viruses. However, neither N- nor B-tropic Fv-1 determinant was demonstrated in any xenotropic viruses isolated from embryo cells of BALB/c, NZB, or DBA/2 mice, or Cas E #1-IU, and xenotropic-like virus isolated from a wild mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Electrophysiological study of hepatic vagal projection to the medulla.

Medullary projection of the hepatic branch of vagus was examined electrophysiologically. Analysis of compound field potentials elicited by the hepatic vagal stimulation revealed that this nerve branch projects dominantly in the left side of the medulla. Afferent neurons in the solitary tract nucleus were identified by the electrical stimulation of the nerve branch. A collision test was also employed to separate the afferent from the efferent. Some afferent neurons which innervate the liver were responsive to the portal infusion of isotonic glucose solution, hypertonic saline and water. Their response patterns were almost similar to those of the hepatic afferent nerves.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1981

Parainfluenza 3 virus: plaque-type variants lacking neuraminidase activity.

Virus clones lacking detectable neuraminidase activity (SC-YN and M-YN) as well as those possessing it (LT-910N and LT-YN) were isolated from bovine strains of parainfluenza 3 virus. LT-910N and LT-YN viruses produced large turbid plaques in MDBK cells, and SC-YN virus produced small clear plaques. Incorporation of a bacterial neuraminidase in agar overlay medium made SC-YN virus form large turbid plaques, whereas it made M-YN virus form large clear plaques. However, M-YN virus formed only pinhole plaques or no plaques in the absence of neuraminidase. The exogenous neuraminidase had little effect on the plaque formation of LT-910N and LT-YN viruses. M-YN virus induced extensive syncytial formation, and SC-YN virus produced less extensive syncytial formation. The exogenous neuraminidase enhanced replication of SC-YN and M-YN viruses and reduced syncytial formation by these viruses. The enzyme had little effect on replication and cytopathic effect of LT-910N and LT-YN viruses. The reason for these effects of the exogenous neuraminidase is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effects of combination treatment with vitamins E and C on chloasma and pigmented contact dermatitis. A double blind controlled clinical trial.

A multi-clinical double-blind study on therapeutic effect of combination preparation of vitamins E and C was undertaken in comparison with single preparation of vitamin E and vitamin C in the treatment of chloasma or pigmented contact dermatitis (PCD). Combination treatment resulted in significantly better clinical improvement than vitamin C alone in both diseases. Objective data compiled from color difference measurements and color photographs revealed significantly better results with combination treatment in chloasma than vitamin C alone and, in PCD, than vitamin E or C alone. Differences in skin luminosity between hyperpigmented and normal areas significantly decreased in all three groups, with the combination group producing the most significant change. The total serum lipoperoxide level and its ratio to total serum lipids tended to decline in the combination group, and decreased significantly in vitamin E group. The sebum lipoperoxide level decreased significantly only in the combination group (EC).

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1980

Isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of Sendai virus.

Sixteen temperature-sensitive mutants of Sendai virus were isolated from mutagenized stocks (10 mutants, designated numerically) and persistently infected cultures (6 mutants, designated alphabetically). Based on complementation tests, virion-associated activities, thermal inactivation, and viral RNA and hemadsorbing antigen synthesis as well as virion production in chick lung embryo cells at nonpermissive temperature, these mutants were divided into seven groups as follows. i) HANA group mutants (ts-5, -9, -10, -201), defective in hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein, complementation group I. ii) F group mutants (ts-18, -108), defective in hemolytic and cell-fusing activity, complementation group II. iii) Ts-43, defective in RNA polymerase activity, complementation group III. iv) Ts-23, defective in RNA polymerase activity, interfered with the other mutants in complementation tests. v) Ts-25, defective in the incorporation of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein into the virion at the stage of virus assembly. vi) Ts-110, belongs to F group mutants on one hand, but is considered to carry another undetermined defect. vii) C group (carrier culture-borne group) mutants (ts-a, -b, -c, -d, -e, -f), defective lesion not yet determined and belong to neither complementation group I nor II. Assignment of mutants in groups iv), v), vi), and vii) to complementation groups could not be achieved.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1979

Characterization of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3.

Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) has a buoyant density of 1.197. The RNA of PIV-3, like that of Sendai virus, is a single continuous chain which lacks polyadenylic acid sequences and tends to self-anneal to a marked extent. It has a sedimentation coefficient of 42S and a molecular weight of 4.5 X 10(6), being slightly smaller than Sendai virus RNA (47S, 5.3 X 10(6)). PIV-3 has 5 main structural proteins, of which 2 are glycoproteins. The molecular weights of protein 1, protein 2, protein 3, glycoprotein 1, and glycoprotein 2 were estimated to be 79,000, 68,000, 35,000, 69,000, and 55,000, respectively. Protein 2 was suggested to be nucleocapsid protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Identification of vitamin D3 and 7-dehydrocholesterol in cow's milk by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and their quantitation by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Identification of vitamin D3 and 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) in cow's milk by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and their quantitation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were investigated. When vitamin D and provitamin D fractions purified from a sample of commercial cow's milk were applied to GC-MS, the results showed that the fractions contained vitamin D3 and 7-DHC, respectively, while neither vitamin D2 nor ergosterol could be detected in the milk. HPLC methods for the determination of vitamin D3 and 7-DHC in cow's milk were then proposed as routine methods. The method for assaying vitamin D3 included the isolation of lipids from milk according to the directions of Bell and Christie (5), saponification, isolation of unsaponifiable matter, digitonin-Celite column chromatography, preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and application to HPLC. On the other hand, 7-DHC in milk could be simultaneously determined without the purification by digitonin-Celite column chromatography. The peak corresponding to either vitamin D3 or 7-DHC in the respective HPL-chromatograms was clearly separated from possible interfering substances and the recovery experiments for both vitamin D3 and 7-DHC gave satisfactory results. When the proposed methods were applied to 10 samples of commercial cow's milk, the assayed values of vitamin D3 and 7-DHC were 19--79 I.U./liter and 14--56 microgram/liter, respectively.

Animals↗