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Biomedical subjects

A Abraham

Publications and source records attributed to A Abraham.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effect of carbohydrate intake on kidney function and structure in SHR/N-cp rats. A new model of NIDDM.

The SHR/N corpulent (cp) rat is a genetically obese rat that develops hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and proteinuria. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of high carbohydrate (CHO) intake on renal function and structure in this animal model and to determine whether the renal effects are related to the type of CHO ingested. Two groups of 5-wk-old obese male SHR/N-cp rats and lean male littermates were fed diets containing 54% CHO in the form of sucrose or starch. After 12 wk, renal function parameters, including creatinine clearance, urinary glucose excretion, and urinary protein excretion, were measured. Renal morphology was evaluated by semiquantitative light and electron microscopy. On either diet, obese rats had significantly higher urinary glucose and protein excretions than their lean littermates. Mean creatinine clearance (ml/min) in obese rats did not differ significantly from values observed in lean rats. When corrected for body weight, creatinine clearance (ml.min-1.kg-1) tended to be lower in obese than in lean rats, but the difference was significant (P less than .02) only for obese and lean sucrose-fed animals. Obese rats fed sucrose compared with their obese counterparts fed starch had higher body weight (+8%, P less than .05), glucose excretion (+63%, P less than .02), and protein excretion (+242%, P less than .005). In obese rats, protein excretion correlated with glucose excretion (r = .71, P less than .01). Glomerular lesions consisting of mesangial expansion and intercapillary nodules were found in obese but not in lean rats. Moreover, obese rats fed sucrose had a significantly greater number of involved glomeruli than obese rats fed starch.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Malignant lymphoma of the larynx].

Primary localized laryngeal lymphoma is rare. The presenting symptoms are hoarseness of long duration and increasing dyspnea. Clinical and histological diagnosis is difficult and in some cases repeated biopsies are needed for conclusive diagnosis. Radiotherapy appears to be the treatment of choice for the disease. As in addition there may be head, neck or distant localizations, there should be a complete clinical evaluation before treatment, including lymphangiography, IV pyelography, liver and spleen scans, and total body CT scan. Although in a significant number of cases laryngeal lymphoma has been cured or has remained a localized disease, it is very likely that in some cases additional treatment for the tumor at other sites may be required. Lifelong follow-up and careful periodic evaluation by experts is imperative.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Carcinoma in situ of the vocal cords: a retrospective study.

Between the years 1960 and 1981, 21 patients with the diagnosis of carcinoma in situ of the vocal cords were treated in the ENT department of Beilinson Medical Center. All 21 patients received initial irradiation therapy, identical to patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma--7200 rads Co60 tumour dose. No patient died as a result of tumour. One patient had local recurrence of invasive carcinoma after 3 years and subsequently underwent total laryngectomy. One patient died after 15 years as a result of myocardial infarction. It is important to mention that 20 patients (95.2%) were free of tumour during a follow-up of 4-25 years (mean 11 years). This study shows that radiotherapy is a highly effective method of management for carcinoma in situ of the glottic region.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Laryngeal carcinoma in patients 40 years of age and younger.

Between 1950 and 1985, 570 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were diagnosed and treated in the Otolaryngology Department of the Beilinson Medical Center. Of these, 20 patients (2.8%) were aged 40 years or younger. Twelve patients (60%) had glottic carcinoma in Stage I (T1N0M0) when initially diagnosed, one patient had supraglottic carcinoma in Stage I (T1N0M0) and seven patients (35%) had laryngeal carcinoma in Stage II (T2N0M0) and III (T3N0M0). Patients with T1N0M0 received only radiotherapy. Three patients with T2N0M0 underwent total laryngectomy and also received postoperative radiotherapy. Four patients with the tumor in T3N0M0 received pre-operative and postoperative radiotherapy in addition to total laryngectomy. The 5-year survival rate for T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 was 100% and for T3N0M0 66%. Although a high percentage of the young patients presented for treatment with advanced disease, the survival rate compared the same or favorably with rates in older patients. This supports the concept of aggressive treatment when there is a recurrence or second primary, particularly because it is well tolerated in the young age group who do not exhibit many of the conventional risk factors and therefore, have a better prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Complete cricotracheal separation following blunt trauma to the neck.

We report a case of complete cricotracheal transection with wide separation of the ends, a rare injury. Because of the good general and respiratory condition of the patient on admission, the pathognomonic signs of laryngeal injury were not noticed, causing an unnecessary delay in treatment. Deteriorating respiratory status with progressing cervical subcutaneous emphysema brought up the diagnosis of laryngotracheal injury. Treatment was immediate and included tracheotomy and primary end-to-end anastomosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Minor components of Hb Bart's.

The minor components of Hb Bart's were separated by CM-cellulose chromatography, reverse-phase HPLC, and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. These were characterized by amino acid analysis, tryptic peptide analysis by HPLC, electrophoresis, and carbohydrate and phosphate analysis. Acetylated and glycated components of Hb Bart's were present in cord blood red cells. The ratio of gamma Ic/total gamma in Hb Bart's was nearly the same as that of Hb FIc/Hb F which may indicate that the gamma chain after its release from the ribosome is not a better acetylation substrate than Hb Fo. Glycation of the free gamma-chains seems to take place in vivo as readily as the major Hb components.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium↗
PubMed1987

The in vitro cellular immune response to quartz.

It is known that macrophages release into medium in vitro biologically active substances which modulate immune response. In recent years, increase attention has been directed towards the role of prostaglandin in macrophage function. Guinea pig splenic lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophage cultures were incubated with quartz (DQ12), Corundum and aspirin as prostaglandin inhibitor. Lymphocyte proliferation measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation, and lymphokine release by Bendixen-Soborg capillary test (MIF) were applied. EA rosetting and phagocytosis were determined for macrophage function assessment. Quartz suppressed the immune response evidenced by reduced 3H-thymidine incorporation and decreased lymphokine production. Aspirin (as a specific prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor) restored the affected by quartz immunological parameters. This observation gives support to the hypothesis that the immunological response to quartz involves macrophage prostaglandin release, presumably as a first step of lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

High-performance liquid chromatographic separation and quantitation of glycosylated hemoglobin A2 as an alternate index of glycemic control.

By a combination of DEAE-cellulose chromatography and cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography glycosylated components of hemoglobin (Hb) A2 were separated and quantitated from persons with diabetes and some common hemoglobinopathies. Hb A2Ic values correlated well with total glycosylated Hb levels assayed by affinity chromatography, and Hb AIc, Hb SIc and Hb CIc levels, determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results indicate that Hb A2Ic may serve as an alternate index of glycemic control.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1986

Heterotopic salivary tissue and branchial sinuses.

Heterotopic salivary tissue and branchial sinuses occur not infrequently (Goodman et al., 1981; Stingle and Priebe, 1974), caused probably by heteroplasia within remnants of the second cleft (Stingle, 1974). Bilateral lesions which presented clinically as branchial cleft sinuses have been removed from a patient's neck; both of them proved to be branchial cleft sinuses with elements of salivary tissue. The paper describes salivary tissue and branchial sinuses along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on both sides of the neck and bilateral preauricular fistulae occurring in a boy and probably in his sister.

Branchial Region↗
PubMed1986

Standardization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for avian influenza virus antibodies in turkeys.

The signal-to-noise ratio was useful in determining the optimal dilution of rabbit anti-turkey conjugate. Optimum dilution for rabbit anti-turkey conjugate to be used in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was 1:1,000. The avian influenza virus antigen concentration was 128 hemagglutinating units (0.3 microgram of protein) per well, as determined by checkerboard titration. Bovine serum albumin fraction V increased nonspecific binding of conjugate and was not used to coat the plates in subsequent tests. Using ELISA, nonspecific binding to avian influenza virus-coated plates were not found with antibodies to Newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease, Salmonella, or Escherichia coli. Chromogens o-phenenediamine, and 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethyl-benz-thiazoline sulfonic acid) were almost equal in sensitivity for detecting released oxygen from the H2O2. The substrate plate was more sensitive than was the polystyrene plate. Dual wavelength was reliable in reading ELISA results.

Animals↗