Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “wall lizards”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Enterobacteria of emerging pathogenic significance from clinical cases in man and animals and detection of toads and wall lizards as their reservoirs.

A total of 416 samples comprising faecal samples from diarrhoeic cases of man, calves, sheep and goats, and urine samples from patients with urinary tract infections, were examined for the presence of enterobacteria of emerging pathogenic significance. Citrobacter freundii from 20, C. intermedius biotype-a from four, Serratia marcescens (serotype 05:H13, bactericin type 16) from one and Erwinia herbicola from two human stool samples were isolated. Only two urine samples yielded C. freundii. Citrobacter freundii was isolated from 10 and C. intermedius biotype-a from two calves. From sheep and goats, two isolates of C. freundii and three of C. intermedius biotype-a were obtained. None of these samples yielded Edwarsiella tarda or Yersinia enterocolitica. The examination of 99 toads and 145 wall lizards revealed that toads were reservoirs for C. freundii, C. intermedius biotype-a and Salmonella brijbhumi, whereas wall lizards were reservoirs for C. freundii, C. intermedius biotype-a, E. herbicola, Enterobacter cloacae and Salmonella spp. These bacteria were present in the range of 2.0 x 10(6) to 6.0 x 10(11) organisms per gram of intestinal contents. In addition, toads were carriers for Edwardsiella tarda (new serotypes 04167:H1 and 05159: non-motile). None of the toads and wall lizards proved positive for C. intermedius biotype-b (C. koseri), S. marcescens and Y. entercolitica. C. freundii, C. intermedius biotype-a, E. herbicola and S. marcescens were resistant to penicillin and erythromycin whereas E. tarda isolates were also resistant to gentamycin, neomycin, colistin and sulfamethaxazole.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed2025

The genome sequence of the Tyrrhenian Wall Lizard, Podarcis tiliguerta (Gmelin, 1789) (Squamata: Lacertidae).

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Podarcis tiliguerta (Tyrrhenian Wall Lizard; Chordata; Lepidosauria; Squamata; Lacertidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 1 462.31 megabases and 1 394.94 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (99.26%) is scaffolded into 20 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes. Most of haplotype 2 (99.2%) is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 17.19 kilobases.

Podarcis tiliguerta; Tyrrhenian Wall Lizard; genom↗
PubMed2026

Weak but repeated patterns of co-introgression of nuclear OXPHOS genes and mitochondrial DNA in Iberian wall lizards.

In this study, we took advantage of the previously reported instances of mitochondrial DNA capture in the Podarcis Iberian group, a speciose group of Iberian wall lizards, to test the hypothesis that nuclear genes from the OXPHOS (Oxidative phosphorylation) chain can co-introgress with the mitochondria as an evolutionary response to mitigate the costs of mitonuclear incompatibilities. Using dense population sampling and transcriptome data, we generated capture-sequence datasets for nuclear OXPHOS chain genes (nucOXPHOS), random nuclear loci (nucControl) and the complete mitochondrial genome. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial genes confirmed two previously identified events of mitochondrial introgression in the Podarcis Iberian group and revealed two new cases. Three of these cases have led to complete local mitochondrial DNA replacements, where the introgressed mitotypes have replaced the native ones in several populations, and involve a currently unknown and presumably extinct donor species, so-called "ghost lineage". Detecting introgression from ghost lineages, whose genomes are not accessible, remains challenging. To overcome this issue, we designed or adapted several tests aimed at detecting differential signals of introgression between our nucOXPHOS and nucControl gene sets. One of these tests, based on the effects of introgression on branch lengths in phylogenetic trees, uncovered a weak but consistently significant signal of partial co-introgression of nucOXPHOS genes compared to the genomic background (represented by the nucControl gene set) in three out of four cases of mtDNA introgression.

mitochondrial introgression↗
PubMed1977

[Neurosensitive contacts and new kind of synapses in wall lizard (Lacerta muralis, Laurenti) pineal body].

The neurosensitive synapses between photoreceptor cells and nerve ganglion cells are numerous enough to constitute an additional argument for a photosensitive function of the pineal gland. A new type of synapse, observed between the secretory rudimentary photoreceptor cells and nerve ganglion cells presents a direct relation from cells showing an active secretory function to the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Histochemical observation of the cortical zone of oocyte of Indian wall lizard, Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Rüppel).

The cortical zone of oocytes, which lies just below the follicular epithelium appears in the early stages of development, but reaches its fullest growth in vitellogenic oocytes. In the present studies it was found that the cortical zone of Hemidactylus flaviviridis consists of proteins, lipoproteins, carbohydrates, fatty yolk, RNA and little amount of DNA in mature oocytes along with mitochondria and Golgi bodies. In the early oocyte, this zone is fine granular in nature, but during the yolky stages of oocyte, it becomes filled by the vacuolar structure, which shows in it's the presence of fatty and compound yolk. The L1 and L2 types of lipid globules are also observed in the cortical zone during vitellogenic oocyte.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Influence of temperature on the rate of spermatogenesis, duration of spermatogenic activity and development of secondary sex characteristics in the wall-lizard, Lacerta muralis L. (Reptilia, Lacertidae)].

A series of experiments was carried out primarily between the 22nd of March and the 27th of June, on 60 Lacerta muralis maintained either under semi-natural conditions in large enclosures or in constant-temperature cabinets maintained at 17.5 degrees C, 20 degrees C, 22.5 degrees C and 27.5 degrees C with a natural photoperiod. Following an injection of tritiated thymidine, the animals were sacrificed at regular intervals and the rate of spermatogenesis was deduced from the progression of the radioactive front in the seminiferous epithelium. The following results were obtained: 1. The rate of spermatogenesis is temperature dependent and increases by a factor of approximately 1.2 per degree centigrade between 17.5 and 27.5 degrees C. The rate is seven times greater at 27.5 degrees C than at 17.5 degrees C. 2. Under semi-natural conditions the interval leptotene-spermatozooid lasts 70 days, slightly less than that found at a constant temperature of 22.5 degrees C. 3. Under semi-natural conditions the rate of spermatogenesis was similar to that in August-September, April-May and May-June which indicates that the lizards were able to maintain their body temperature at an equivalent level by behavioural temperature regulation during the greater part of their activity period. 4. Under semi-natural conditions, or at temperatures in excess of 22 degrees C, spermiogenesis lasts 1.8 times as long as meiosis. 5. At constant temperatures lower than 21 degrees C the development of the cellular lineage is aressted at the young spermatid stage. 6. Constant temperatures between 17.5 and 22.5 degrees C had no effect on the time of involution of the testis at the start of summer. 7. At low constant temperatures, secondary sexual characteristics regress before the usual time: after 4 weeks at 20 degrees C and after 8 weeks at 17.5 degrees C. An expected regression after 8 weeks produced after exposure to a temperature of 22.5 degrees C is probably due to factors other than temperature. 8. In the case of different individuals kept either under natural, semi-natural or experimental conditions, there was no close relationship observed between the time of involution of the seminiferous tubules and regression of secondary sexual characters. ters. 9. These results confirm the concept of endogenous control of sexual regression at the commencement of summer and argue in favour of 2 separate gonadotrophic hormones in reptiles.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Lung architecture volume and static mechanics in five species of lizards.

Compared with mammals, lizards have large, highly compliant lungs and a compliant body wall. High lung compliance is not necessarily associated with high body wall compliance but rather with the degree of development of the caudal and ventral dilatations of the lung. Comparison of the midinflation distance between inflation and deflation curves on standard volume--pressure diagrams indicates hysteresis may have an intrapulmonary component related to the degree of lung partitioning and an extrapulmonary component, attributable to forces hindering the free movement of the lung in the body cavity. Simultaneous consideration of lung structure, mechanical properties and certain nonrespiratory functions such as buoyancy and display indicate that the function of the lung in gas exchange may be only one of several factors important in determining lung structure in lizards.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eimeria nebulosa n. sp. and Klossia pachyleparon n. sp. from the monitor lizard Varanus nebulosus in Malaysia.

Eimeria nebulosa n. sp. and Klossia pachyleparon n. sp. are described from the monitor lizard Varanus nebulosus in Malaysia. The flask shaped oocysts of E. nebulosa average 20.7 by 12.6 mum. The oocyst wall is composed of a single layer. There is a single polar granule but no residuum. Ellipsoidal sporocysts average 11.1 by 5.6 mum. A sporocyst residuum is present. Endogenous stages develop in the epithelial cells of the small intestine. The splerical oocysts of K. pachyleparon average 33.6 mum in diameter. The wall is about 2.5 mum thick and is composed of 3 layers. The spherical sporocysts average 10.8 mum in diameter. Sporocysts contain 4 sporozoites and residuum. Developmental stages were not observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Histochemical study of glutamate dehydrogenase activity in the medulla, bulb and in the central cerebellar nuclei of various vertebrates].

In this work we research into the GDH location of the spinal cord, in the medullar oblongata and in the central cerebellar nuclei of the rat, cat, dog, chicken, lizard (Lacerta lepida), and Toad (Bufo calamita). The GDH is located at the cytoplasm and at the neuronal prolongations, at oligodendrocytes cells, at Lecerta ependimary glial cells, and at the capillary walls.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Development of pineal complex in Calotes versicolor.

The general plan of the development of the organ in Calotes versicolor in no way differs from that of Sphenodon and Lacerta. The lens of the parietal eye of Calotes appears at a comparatively later state of development than in Sphenodon and Lacerta. The papaphysis in the embryos of Calotes versicolor is a simple structure. Histologically all the structures resemble the wall of the brain from which they arose.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[The ependyma of the lateral ventricle in Acanthodactylus pardalis (Reptilia, Lacertidae)].

Within the lateral ventricles of the brain of Acanthodactylus pardalis, different zones of ependymal cells are recognizable through their fluctuating changes from one into the other. The frontal pole of the hemisphere shows a rather homogeneous ependyma whose cells are laying together. Cell fibers are not visible. Farther caudally, the ventricular wall is subject to some alterations; there are more long-shaped cell nuclei. The ventricular sulci are areas of different ependymal structures. The sulcus terminalis represents a zone of dense-laying cells, whose nuclei possess in several regions more round or more elongated forms. An apical cytoplasmatic border and cilia are often clearly built out. The sulcus lateralis and the sulcus septo-archipallialis have a dense cell layer. The region below the medial cortex, near the sulcus septo-archipallialis, shows tanycytes with long basal fibers. The ependyma of the dorsal striatum shows dorsally as well as laterally, at the ventricle, areas with loosely arranged cells. The orientation of the cell nuclei to the ventricular surface is variable, especially at the ventricular wall of the septum and the opposite side of the striatum, where cell nuclei are to be found whose axis lays no more vertical but parallel to the ventricular surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Cytochemistry of blood cells in peripheral smears of some West African reptiles.

The distributions of lipid, glycogen, peroxidase, acid and alkaline phosphatases, beta-glucuronidase and naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase have been studied in the cells of peripheral smears from the wall ghecko and the crocodile. The erythrocytes react differently from those of mammalian erythrocytes with regard to peroxidase reactivity. The need to take such species differences into consideration when engaged in histochemical investigations is stressed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

[Blood supply of the compact and spongy myocardium of fish, amphibia and reptiles].

Coronal arteries were injected with lead carbonate suspension and with Indian ink and cleared preparations 150--300 mkm thick were made in 195 hearts of fish, amphibians and reptiles and studied roentgenographically. It was stated that in Chondrichthyes (shark, skate) and in Chondrostei (beluga, stellate sturgeon, sturgeon), as well as in alligator both compact and spongy myocardium of the cardiac ventricle possess blood vessels. In teleostei, amphibians and reptiles (except alligator) spongy myocardium is avascular and receives its nutrition from the ventricle. In view of the data on the presence of blood vessels in the spongy myocardium in some vertebrates, it is impossible to accept the theory suggested by Grant and Regnier according to which vessels in the heart walls appear only in connection with compactization of the myocardium. Vascularization of the spongy myocardium is closely connected with oxygen saturation of the blood flowing through the heart. When this saturation is not satisfactory, the spongy myocardium has blood vessels. In alligator, vascularization of the spongy myocardium is connected with the fact that the heart has four chambers and there are arterial and venous blood streams.

Alligators and Crocodiles↗