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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Influence of Concave Versus Convex Emergence Profiles on Midfacial Mucosal Stability-A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To systematically evaluate the influence of concave versus convex emergence profiles on midfacial mucosal stability in partially edentulous patients restored with implant-supported single restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251139042). An electronic search in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Embase was performed up to May 7, 2026. Eligible studies included RCTs comparing concave (test group) and convex (control group) transmucosal prosthetic designs and reporting midfacial mucosal level changes (mm). Data extraction and risk of bias assessment (RoB 2) were performed independently. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using weighted mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the findings. RESULTS: Four RCTs including 144 implants with a 12-month follow-up were included. Of these, 128 implants contributed to the quantitative synthesis, with 66 implants allocated to the concave/modified emergence profile group and 62 implants allocated to the convex/non-concave emergence profile group. The pooled analysis demonstrated a mean difference of -0.31 mm (95% CI -0.63 to 0.02; p = 0.064), indicating a trend toward greater midfacial mucosal recession with convex emergence profiles compared with concave designs. Between-study heterogeneity was low to moderate (I2 = 28%), suggesting consistent findings across studies. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the direction of the effect, with pooled estimates ranging from -0.12 to -0.43 mm. Exclusion of one study resulted in a statistically significant difference favoring concave emergence profiles (-0.43 mm; 95% CI -0.70 to -0.16; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Convex emergence profiles are associated with a tendency toward increased midfacial mucosal recession. Concave profiles are preferable to support peri-implant soft-tissue stability. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Emergence profile design should be considered an integral component of prosthetic and surgical planning. The use of concave transmucosal contours during provisionalization and definitive restoration may contribute to improved peri-implant soft tissue stability and enhanced esthetic outcomes.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Copper-Containing Surface Engineering for Soft-Tissue Biomedical Devices: Structure-Function Relationships and Ion Release-Driven Biological Performance, A Systematic Review.

Copper and copper-based materials have gained increasing attention for the functional modification of implantable medical devices intended for prolonged soft-tissue contact, including vascular stents, catheters, and intrauterine devices. Owing to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, redox reactivity, and involvement in angiogenesis and cellular signaling, copper-based systems offer significant potential for multifunctional surface engineering. However, achieving a balance between antibacterial efficacy, corrosion behavior, controlled ion release, and cytocompatibility remains a critical challenge. This PRISMA-compliant systematic review analyzes copper-containing materials and surface modification strategies for soft-tissue biomedical applications. A structured search of Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed (2015-2025) identified 65 eligible studies. The review encompasses bulk copper-containing alloys, electrochemical and chemical surface modification techniques, physical vapor deposition approaches, and advanced hybrid systems integrating copper with polymers, hydrogels, or metal-phenolic networks. Across the reviewed literature, antibacterial performance was strongly dependent on copper concentration, microstructural distribution, and spatiotemporal ion release profiles. Moderate, well-controlled copper incorporation frequently improved antibacterial efficacy while maintaining acceptable hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility, particularly in vascular and blood-contacting devices. In contrast, excessive copper loading often accelerated corrosion and induced adverse cellular responses. Emerging multifunctional architectures demonstrated improved regulation of biological interactions, enabling simultaneous antibacterial, antithrombotic, and proendothelial effects. Overall, copper-based surface technologies represent a versatile platform for soft-tissue implant modification. Future translational progress will require precise control of copper release kinetics and comprehensive long-term in vivo validation to ensure safety and sustained therapeutic performance. From the authors' perspective, the most promising future direction involves multifunctional copper-based hybrid coatings capable of dynamically regulating ion release, host tissue integration, and antibacterial performance simultaneously. Strategies integrating hierarchical architectures, stimulus-responsive release systems, and clinically scalable fabrication methods are expected to play a key role in translating copper-containing surfaces from experimental concepts toward commercially viable soft-tissue biomedical devices.

Copper↗
PubMed1978

What is interstitial fluid? Biochemical and physiological analysis of fluid obtained from tissue cages.

Multiperforated polypropylene balls implanted in soft-tissue and renal parenchyma deliver fluid which represents interstitial fluid, which was characterized biochemically and physiologically. In a time-concentration study, the serum antibiotic level was compared to levels in interstitial fluid of the kidney (RIF), interstitial fluid of soft-tissues of the abdominal wall (STIF) and urine, measured simultaneously after intravenous injection of six different antibiotics. A direct time-concentration relationship between the concentration of antibiotics in the serum and in the renal interstitial fluid was found. This study helps delineate the basic pharmacokinetics in renal interstitial tissue and suggests guidelines for optimal therapy in renal parenchymal infections.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1977

Implantation of porous polymethylmethacrylate resin for tooth and bone replacement.

This study suggests that: 1. The porous plastic material tested is compatible with and showed no undesirable reactions in subcutaneous, intracerebral, intramuscular, and especially, intraosseous sites. 2. By standardizing porosity (e.g., a desired hole, any dimension, uniformly distributed) with the implant material (P.P.M.M.), one can predict with a degree of certainty that connective-tissue (collagen fibers) or hard-tissue (osteogenesis and reparative bone) ingrowth into these micropores will definitely occur. 3. The various shapes employed for implantation of the plastic material were not carcinogenic and did not cause a malignant reaction in any implanted region. 4. A close "amalgamation" with adjacent tissues was a result regardless of the implant site (e.g., intramuscular, intracerebral, or subcutaneous). Intraosseously, there was a variation. Depending upon the pore size, one observes either connective tissue or osseous ingrowth into the micropores. At a 100 micron pore size (B material), connective tissue ingrowth into the P.P.M.M. was seen. At the 450 micron size (E material), osseous tissue ingrowth into the P.P.M.M. was clearly observed. 5. The P.P.M.M. implant material can be used as a tooth replacement (e.g., for a root) at a small pore size (100 micron) and as a bone replacement (e.g., for bony defects) at a larger pore size (450 micron). 6. To secure vascularization of the implant material, porosity throughout is indicated at a large pore size. Surface porosity regardless of size will encourage only soft-tissue ingrowth into the implant material. 7. Any hard-tissue size or shape can be duplicated with the material, at any pore size, with compatibility to the adjacent tissue, regardless of the region of placement in the body. 8. There is a possibility of bone "induction" or stimulation of bone growth in predetermined directions with all its implications (e.g., periodontal disease). The replacement and repair of any hard tissue in the body (e.g., bone and teeth) are possibilities.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Incorporation of stainless steel, titanium and Vitallium in bone.

Operative trauma, implant instability and corrosion are recognized as aetiological factors in the production of the soft-tissue capsule often present round a metal implant in bone. In the present experimental study, the isolated effect of corrosion was evaluated under standardized experimental conditions when operative trauma was minimal and implant movement was negligible. The reaction of bone to stainless steel, titanium and Vitallium was studied by histological and biomechanical methods, and compared to that provoked by copper. No soft-tissue capsule was found round the modern materials, but copper gave rise to a marked tissue reaction. It is concluded that a traumatic operative techniques and implant immobility are more effective for stable incorporation of metallic implants in bone than the nature of the implant itself, provided that one of the modern, low-corrosive metals or alloys is used.

Angiography↗
PubMed1992

Status of the hydroxyapatite-coated unilateral subperiosteal implant using direct bone impressions.

The hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated unilateral subperiosteal implant is a highly predictable and successful implant system when specifically indicated. Osseous and soft-tissue adaptability and compatibility appear enhanced through the use of this HA-coated framework. Indications, techniques, common complications, and typical case studies are presented. HA coatings may provide the next generation of already proved successful subperiosteal implant systems.

Dental Implantation, Subperiosteal↗
PubMed1978

[The use of gentamicin-polymethylmethacrylate chains for the treatment of soft-tissue wounds in the region of the urinary tract (author's transl)].

Bactericidal concentrations of gentamicin can be attained by implanting at the site of the infection pellet chains of gentamicin-polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) that permit the protracted release of the antibiotic for several weeks. Satisfactory healing of the wound was achieved in two cases of extensively infected soft-tissue wounds in the region of the urinary tract after temporary implantation of gentamicin-PMMA chains.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Endoprosthetic replacement following resections of malignant tumors of the extremities (author's transl)].

Due to advances in chemotherapy and endoprothetics, amputation is increasingly being replaced by local resectioning in malignant tumors. While suitable implantations for bridging defects in the proximal humerus and proximal femur are available, prostheses for resectioned tumors in the knee area have not yet been fully developed. From 1966 to 1978, 77 endoprostheses were implanted in 29 primary bone tumors, 3 malignant soft-tissue tumors and 45 bone metastases. There were 43 endoprostheses of the proximal femur, 31 endoprostheses of the proximal humerus and 3 special endoprostheses of the knee region. In most cases, eliminating the tumor radically was successful and a functional extremity was retained.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Silicone implants for contour deformities of the trunk.

A follow-up study of 12 patients who had preformed silicone implants inserted for correction of body contour deformities (8 for pectus excavatum and 4 for soft-tissue deformities of the shoulder and pectoral region) has demonstrated the safety of this technique and its lack of significant early or late complications. No implants have been removed, and 10 of the 12 patients regarded the overall results as good or excellent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Mangement of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue and floor of mouth after excisional biopsy.

A review of the records of 23 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue and floor of mouth treated with irradiation after excisional biopsy has shown that: (a) Radiotherapy, primarily using interstitial radium implants, results in excellent local control of the primary area (100%) with preservation of function. (b) The frequency and severity of soft-tissue and bone necrosis may be reduced by not exceeding 5,500-6,000 rads from radium implants when only subclinical aggregates of cancer cells are probably present. (c) Theincidence of subsequent neck disease is low-8.7% (2 of 23 patients), and does not warrant routine elective irradiation of the cervical lymphatics.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Application of mini-septopal in surgery of the hand].

Successful application of the Septopal in treatment of osteomyelitis has created the demand for this form of drug available for implantation into the small operation field, e.c. in the hand. The Chair and Clinic for Traumatology of the Medical Academy in Wrocław has been chosen to cooperate in the clinical trial on application of the Septopal-minichains in surgery of hand. There were 76 patients treated with the Mini-Septopal implantation. In 18 cases the osteomyelitis or active bacterial soft tissue infection gave indications for this type of treatment. In 58 cases Mini-Septopal was implanted because of high risk of infection in contaminated wounds. In both groups bacteriological examinations have been performed and statistical study revealed successful results even in primary resistant for gentamicin bacteries. Very good results of treatment let us estimate very high the usefulness of Mini-Septopal in bone and soft-tissue infections treatment, if the proper surgical procedures are performed to clean the focus of infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Craniofacial applications for the Medpor porous polyethylene flexblock implant.

We describe use of flexblock, a newly designed Medpor porous polyethylene implant. This implant is ideally suited for repair of small to medium-sized cranial defects and correction of contour deformities. Medpor is used for a wide variety of maxillofacial procedures, and its properties make it an excellent choice for the cranium. It is a highly stable and somewhat flexible porous alloplast that has been shown to exhibit rapid soft-tissue and bone ingrowth. Flexblock, which was designed as an onlay for calvarial bone graft donor sites, has a smooth exterior surface and a series of conical ridges on its undersurface that enable easy bending, good contour adaptability, and suitable strength. We used the Medpor flexblock implant in 12 patients over 2 years for correction of contour deformities, cranial defects, and reconstruction of the supraorbital rim. There were no complications. Larger cranial defects and complex reconstructions can be performed using customized Medpor implants. The properties of Medpor and the flexblock design make this implant an excellent alternative to the existing methods of cranioplasty and cranial contour correction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

8. Self-compressing implants in the management of fractures.

Internal fixation of fractures has become increasingly important since the introduction of self-compressing implants. Rigidity of fixation thus ensured permits primary bone healing. Two types of self-compressing implants are available--screws and plates. The former produces compression between fracture fragments, the latter, along the long axis of the bone. Two common types of plates are the dynamic compression plate and the Osteo self-compressing plate. Use of self-compressing implants requires familiarity with the technique, a definite plan of operation, and strict asepsis and lack of infection in the patient. Indications for the technique include failure or unsuitability of closed reduction of fractures, care of associated serious soft-tissue injuries, and displaced intra-articular fractures. Use of self-compressing plates hastens rehabilitation, lessens joint stiffness and reduces the duration of hospitalization. The incidence of nonunion with self-compression techniques is lower than with traditional methods of fracture management.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1978

Metastatic abdominal implants of endometrial carcinoma demonstrated on 99mtc-methylene diphosphonate bone scan.

Metastatic serosal and omental implants from a primary papillary endometrial carcinoma were well demonstrated by radionuclide uptake on a bone scan utilizing 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate. Imaging of an endometrial malignancy by a 99mTc-labeled phosphate compound has not previously been reported. While the exact mechanism of accumulation in such soft-tissue neoplastic foci is not known, several possibilities have been suggested. In this particular case, the mechanism appears related in some way to the presence of dystrophic calcifications within the metastatic deposits.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Interface radiation dosimetry in mandibular reconstruction.

When a beam of radiation crosses the interface between two substances, secondary electrons are generated. This results in enhancement of the absorbed dose of radiation roughly proportional to the difference in atomic numbers. Interfaces are created in reconstruction of the mandible with implantable trays containing hematopoietic bone marrow and cancellous bone chips. Radiation was measured in tissue-equivalent material surrounding mandibular tray implants of titanium, vitallium, stainless steel, and Dacron/polyetherurethane. The absorbed dose was enhanced by 29% to 36% adjacent to the metallic trays; 1% dose enhancement was noted adjacent to the Dacron/polyetherurethane tray. We conclude that, when radiation therapy is necessary following mandibular reconstruction, homogeneity of dose is maintained and local soft-tissue reactions to excessive irradiation may be avoided by using a nonmetallic tray.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1992

Experimental applications of porous (coralline) hydroxylapatite in middle ear and mastoid reconstruction.

Hydroxylapatite is a ceramic implant material which has been extensively investigated in the orthopedic and oral surgical literature. A set of animal experiments was carried out to determine the feasibility of the use of porous (coralline) hydroxylapatite for middle ear and mastoid reconstruction. Coralline hydroxylapatite was placed in the mastoid bulla of dogs and was carved into struts which were placed into the middle ear and against the tympanic membrane. Coralline hydroxylapatite is a highly biocompatible material which showed abundant ingrowth when in contact with host bone. There was also good soft-tissue ingrowth and fibrous tissue fixation within the middle ear and against the tympanic membrane. Hydroxylapatite is generally accepted to be osteoconductive, but not osteogenic. However, one of the specimens described with chronic inflammatory mucosal changes, shows de novo new bone formation within the pores of the graft. While normally the bone formed in coralline hydroxylapatite is secondary (lamellar), in this specimen primary (woven) bone was found. Porous (coralline) hydroxylapatite appears to be an excellent otologic graft material. It biointegrates with the host, is osteoconductive, and under certain circumstances may be osteogenic.

Animals↗