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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2025

Extensive Recombination Suppression and Genetic Degeneration of a Young ZW Sex Chromosome System in Halfbeak Fish.

Sex chromosome systems have evolved independently across the tree of life, at different times in the past, and the evolutionary consequences of lacking recombination in sex-linked regions have been characterized in many old-established systems. However, empirical studies of young sex chromosomes are still scarce, especially in vertebrates. Integrating whole-genome sequencing data of two species of halfbeak fish, Hyporhamphus sajori and Hyporhamphus intermedius, we identified the sex-determining system in H. sajori as female heterogamety, involving a large fully sex-linked ZW region (∼26 Mb) on chromosome 5. The closest relative, H. intermedius, has a small sex-linked region on a different chromosome and shows male heterogamety, suggesting at least one turnover in this fish genus. The H. sajori sex-linked region includes two evolutionary strata, but the estimated Z-W divergence times are small, less than 3 million years for the older stratum, which is less than between the two species. Nevertheless, this evolutionarily young W-linked region is enriched with repetitive sequences, differs from the ancestral state by five inversions, and about one-third of its protein-coding genes have already become nonfunctional. Transcriptomic analysis suggests that some form of dosage compensation may already be evolving for some sex-linked genes.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Evolution and domestication-trait associations of ultra-long centromere haplotypes in pepper plants.

Centromeric and pericentromeric regions of most eukaryotic genomes are highly repetitive and strongly recombination-suppressed, confounding efforts to resolve genetic variation, population structure and phenotypic associations. Pepper (Capsicum annuum) centromeres are nearly devoid of satellite repeats, facilitating assembly and population-level comparison of centromeric regions. Here we integrate 9 near-complete genome assemblies, CENH3 ChIP-seq profiles from 26 diverse accessions, and resequencing and phenotypic data from ~400 cultivated and wild accessions to investigate population-level diversity and phenotypic relevance of pepper peri/centromeric regions. Functional centromere positions are largely fixed on 8 of 12 chromosomes, whereas the remaining 4 carry distinct centromeric epialleles shaped mainly by centromere repositioning and pericentromeric inversions. Pepper centromeres are embedded within ultra-long centromere-spanning haplotype (cenhap) blocks, ranging from 29.8 to 112.9 Mb and collectively covering 23.96% of the genome; each block contains only 1-4 major haplotypes. Some cenhaps may act as supergene-like units and are strongly associated with fruit traits, probably because recombination-suppressed intervals harbour multiple fruit-related genes, including OFP and F-box genes. F2 segregation assays further reveal transmission distortion of chromosomes carrying alternative cenhaps. Together, these findings highlight peri/centromeric regions as underrecognized reservoirs of agronomically important variation.

Centromere↗
PubMed1979

A mutation in Caenorhabditis elegans that increases recombination frequency more than threefold.

In higher organisms the rate of recombination between genetic loci is presumably responsive to selective pressure. Recently, selective pressures and mutational events that influence recombination have been reviewed. Mutational sites and chromosomal rearrangements that enhance or suppress recombination frequency in specific regions are known, but general mechanisms that enhance recombination have not yet been discovered. We describe here the isolation and characterisation of a strain of the hermaphroditic nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, that has a recombination frequency at least threefold higher than that found in the wild type. In this strain, rec-1, the number of reciprocal recombination events between linked loci is increased. This is true for all pairs of linked loci studies so far. The high recombination strain behaves as if it carries a classical recessive mutation, although a second mutation exists which can alter the recessive behaviour of rec-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Recombination between compatible plasmids containing homologous segments requires the Bacillus subtilis recE gene product.

Plasmid pSL103 was previously constructed by cloning a Trp fragment (approximately 2.3 X 10(6) daltons) from restriction endonuclease EcoRI-digested chromosome DNA of Bacillus pumilus using the neomycin-resistance plasmid pUB110 (approximately 2.8 X 10(6) daltons) as vector and B. subtilis as transformation recipient. In the present study the EcoRI Trp fragment from pSL103 was transferred in vitro to EcoRI fragments of the Bacillus plasmid pPL576 to determine the ability of the plasmid fragments to replicate in B. subtilis. Endonuclease EcoRI digestion of pPL576 (approximately 28 X 10(6) daltons) generated three fragments having molecular weights of about 13 X 13(6) (the A fragment), 9.5 X 10(6) (B fragment, and 6.5 X 10(6) (C fragment). Trp derivatives of pPL576 fragments capable of autonomous replication in B. subtilis contained the B fragment (e.g., pSL107) or both the B and C fragments (e.g., pSL108). Accordingly, the B fragment of pPL576 contains information essential for autonomous replication. pSL107 and pSL108 are compatible with pUB110. Constructed derivatives of the compatible plasmids pPL576 and pUB110, harboring genetically distinguishable EcoRI-generated Trp fragments cloned from the DNA of a B. pumilus strain, exhibited relatively high frequency recombination for a trpC marker when the plasmid pairs were present in a recombination-proficient strain of B. subtilis. No recombination was detected when the host carried the chromosome mutation recE4. Therefore, the recE4 mutation suppresses recombination between compatible plasmids that contain homologous segments.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed2026

Icaritin Sensitizes Hepatocellular Carcinoma to PD-L1 Therapy by NQO1-Dependent Ferroptosis Induction.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging with limited immunotherapy response. Despite its clinical promise in advanced HCC, the mechanisms of icaritin, especially concerning ferroptosis induction and immune modulation, remain elusive. This study aims to determine if the antitumor effect of icaritin involves the induction of ferroptosis via NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and if it can augment the efficacy of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy by potentiating natural killer (NK) cell activity. Using human HCC cell lines (Huh7, Hep3B, PLC/PRF/5, SNU-449, and MHCC97-H) and two synergistic mouse models (Hepa1-6 and SgPten/c-Met), we examined icaritin's inhibition of tumor growth and induction of ferroptosis via the NQO1 pathway, monitoring key markers (reactive oxygen species [ROS], glutathione peroxidase 4 [GPX4], ferritin heavy chain 1 [FTH1]). The NQO1 inhibitor dicoumarol was employed to validate the pathway. Tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling was assessed through cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) markers and immune cell profiling, focusing on NK cell infiltration. Combination therapy with anti-PD-L1 was tested in vivo. Icaritin significantly inhibited HCC growth in vitro and in vivo. Its antitumor effect was mediated by NQO1-mediated ferroptosis, via elevated ROS, diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, and downregulated GPX4 and FTH1. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data revealed that NQO1 is overexpressed in human HCC tissues. Icaritin enhanced NK cell infiltration while reducing CAF abundance and suppressing recombinant focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) signaling. Notably, icaritin synergized with anti-PD-L1 therapy to enhance tumor suppression without increasing toxicity, correlating with potentiated NK cell immunity. Our findings demonstrate that icaritin triggered NQO1-mediated ferroptosis and remodeled TME to enhance NK cell recruitment and PD-L1 therapy efficacy. This provides rationale for evaluating icaritin-based combination immunotherapy in HCC through dual action on ferroptosis and NK cell activation.

Ferroptosis↗
PubMed1979

Evidence that induction and suppression of mutations and recombinations by chemical mutagens in S. cerevisiae during mitosis are jointly correlated.

Mutagen-induced intergenic and interallelic recombination as well as forward mutation were studied in one and the same strain of S. cerevisiae. In nontoxic dose ranges, the induction of mutants and recombinants was parallel after treatment with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), N-methyl-N'-nitro-M-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), triethylene melamine (TEM), 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO), sodium nitrite (NaNO2), and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (2,4-DNFB). Acridine orange (AO) after treatment without light induced recombinants, but reduced the frequency of spontaneous mutations. In combination with TEM, AO exerted the same effect, i.e., reduced its mutagenic effect and enhanced its recombinogenic effect. 4,5,6-Trichloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) phenol (Cl5-predioxin) induced mutants and intergenic recombinants, but specifically reduced the spontaneous frequency of interallelic recombinants. In combination with TEM, it enhanced its mutagenic and intergenic recombinogenic effects but reduced its interallelic recombinogenic effect. The main conclusions of the present study, that is 1. Essentially similar lesions can lead to different genetic consequences, and 2. Induction of mutation and recombination are jointly correlated, i.e., suppression of mutations leads to an enhancement of recombinations, while suppression of recombinations leads to an enhancement of mutations, are used to set up a speculative concept for mutation and recombination induction in the diploid yeast cell during mitosis.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1977

Recombination and response to selection in Drosophila melanogaster.

Most biologists beleive that recombination speeds response to selection for traits determined by polygenic loci. To test this hypothesis, sixteen Drosophila melanogaster populations were selected for positive phototaxis for twenty-one generations. In some populations, balancer chromosomes were used to suppress autosomal recombination, and in others the autosomes were free to recombine. Suppression of recombination had no effect on mean rate of response to selection, though it may have increased variability in the rate of response among replicate lines. Suppressed recombination lines did not shift selection response to the freely recombining X chromosomes, despite fairly large increased in X chromosome recombination. The results suggest that in populations of moderate size, sex does not accelerate short term response to selection.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The cytogenetics of a recessive visible mutant associated with a deficiency adjacent to the notch locus in Drosophila melanogaster.

The recessive visible faswb allele in Drosophila is an interband deletion between salivary band 3C5, 6 and 7. Heterozygosity for the deletion does not suppress recombination between faswb and mutant sites at Notch adjacent to it.--Df(1)w67k30, deficient for salivary bands 3C2 to 6, is the left of faswb. By crossing over within the homologous bit of interband retained in w67k30 and faswb, the two deficiencies can be linked. Cytologically, 3C7, "fused" to 3C5,6 in faswb, becomes "fused" to 3C1 when the two are coupled. In the double deletion, the recessive visible phenotype of the faswb "allele* is suppressed. Both w67k30 and faswb can be recovered by uncoupling the two deficiencies.--The data suggest that the mutant faswb does not represent a lesion at Notch; the entire gene or locus seems to be present. The interband deletion in faswb has secondarily moved an intact Notch locus to a foreign environment that interferes with its normal function. When faswb is linked to w67k30, the interference is eliminated and normal Notch functions resume.--The position of Notch on the salivary gland chromosome is reviewed in relation to the information obtained in these experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Tracing the evolution and genomic dynamics of mating-type loci in Cryptococcus pathogens and closely related species.

Sexual reproduction in basidiomycete fungi is governed by MAT loci (P/R and HD), which exhibit remarkable evolutionary plasticity, characterized by expansions, rearrangements, and gene losses often associated with mating system transitions. The sister genera Cryptococcus and Kwoniella provide a powerful framework for studying MAT loci evolution owing to their diverse reproductive strategies and distinct architectures, spanning bipolar and tetrapolar systems with either linked or unlinked MAT loci. Building on recent comparative genomic analyses, we generated additional chromosome-level assemblies, uncovering distinct trajectories shaping MAT loci organization. Contrasting with the small-scale expansions and gene acquisitions observed in Kwoniella, our analyses revealed independent expansions of the P/R locus in tetrapolar Cryptococcus, possibly driven by pheromone gene duplications. Notably, these expansions coincided with a pronounced GC-content reduction best explained by reduced GC-biased gene conversion following recombination suppression, rather than relaxed codon usage selection. Diverse modes of MAT locus linkage were also identified, including three previously unrecognized transitions: one resulting in a pseudobipolar arrangement and two leading to bipolarity. All three transitions involved translocations. In the pseudobipolar configuration, the P/R and HD loci remained on the same chromosome but genetically unlinked, whereas the bipolar transitions additionally featured rearrangements that fused the two loci into a nonrecombining region. Mating assays confirmed a sexual cycle in C. decagattii, demonstrating its ability to undergo mating and sporulation. Progeny analysis in K. mangrovensis revealed substantial ploidy variation and aneuploidy, likely stemming from haploid-diploid mating, yet evidence of recombination and loss of heterozygosity indicates that meiotic exchange occurs despite irregular chromosome segregation. Our findings underscore the importance of continued diversity sampling and provide further evidence for convergent evolution of fused MAT loci in basidiomycetes, offering new insights into the genetic and chromosomal changes driving reproductive transitions.

MAT genes↗
PubMed2025

The complex evolution and genomic dynamics of mating-type loci in Cryptococcus and Kwoniella.

Sexual reproduction in basidiomycete fungi is governed by MAT loci (P/R and HD), which exhibit remarkable evolutionary plasticity, characterized by expansions, rearrangements, and gene losses often associated with mating system transitions. The sister genera Cryptococcus and Kwoniella provide a powerful framework for studying MAT loci evolution owing to their diverse reproductive strategies and distinct architectures, spanning bipolar and tetrapolar systems with either linked or unlinked MAT loci. Building on recent comparative genomic analyses, we generated additional chromosome-level assemblies, uncovering distinct trajectories shaping MAT loci organization. Contrasting with the small-scale expansions and gene acquisitions observed in Kwoniella, our analyses revealed independent expansions of the P/R locus in tetrapolar Cryptococcus, possibly driven by pheromone gene duplications. Notably, these expansions coincided with a pronounced GC-content reduction best explained by reduced GC-biased gene conversion following recombination suppression, rather than relaxed codon usage selection. Diverse modes of MAT locus linkage were also identified, including three previously unrecognized transitions: one resulting in a pseudobipolar arrangement and two leading to bipolarity. All three transitions involved translocations. In the pseudobipolar configuration, the P/R and HD loci remained on the same chromosome but genetically unlinked, whereas the bipolar transitions additionally featured rearrangements that fused the two loci into a nonrecombining region. Mating assays confirmed a sexual cycle in Cryptococcus decagattii, demonstrating its ability to undergo mating and sporulation. Progeny analysis in Kwoniella mangrovensis revealed substantial ploidy variation and aneuploidy, likely stemming from haploid-diploid mating, yet evidence of recombination and loss of heterozygosity indicates that meiotic exchange occurs despite irregular chromosome segregation. Our findings underscore the importance of continued diversity sampling and provide further evidence for convergent evolution of fused MAT loci in basidiomycetes, offering new insights into the genetic and chromosomal changes driving reproductive transitions.

Genes, Mating Type, Fungal↗
PubMed2025

Dual genetic loci and flavonoid metabolism orchestrate fruiting body coloration in Flammulina filiformis: a multi-omic roadmap for fungal pigmentation.

BACKGROUND: The fruiting bodies of macrofungi exhibit diverse coloration, traditionally attributed to melanin and carotenoid biosynthesis. This study is the first to reveal that flavonoids, rather than these classical pigments, are the predominant contributors to yellow pigmentation in the Flammulina filiformis. OBJECTIVE: To uncover the genetic basis and key regulatory genes involved in pigment formation in F. filiformis fruiting bodies, and to establish a model framework for studying color genetics in macrofungi. METHODS: Metabolomic profiling was conducted on yellow and white F. filiformis fruiting bodies to identify key pigment components. A segregating population was constructed, followed by integrated multi-omics analyses-including bulk segregant analysis (BSA), genome-wide association study (GWAS), and transcriptomics-to map regulatory loci and candidate genes. Functional roles were validated via genetic transformation and protein structural modeling. RESULTS: Flavonoid accumulation was identified as the biochemical hallmark of pigmented fruiting bodies. Genetic analysis revealed a dual regulatory mechanism: a qualitative locus governing pigmentation presence and a quantitative trait determining color intensity. Combined BSA and GWAS pinpointed a major locus, Ffcrs, within a recombination-suppressed region. Transcriptomic analysis identified two key regulators, Ffakr (a transcriptional activator) and Ffpal (encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase). Functional verification via transformation, structural modeling, and metabolite profiling in transgenic lines confirmed their essential roles in flavonoid biosynthesis and pigmentation. CONCLUSION: This study uncovers a flavonoid-based pigmentation mechanism in F. filiformis and elucidates a complex genetic architecture shaped by both qualitative and quantitative loci, providing a new paradigm for understanding pigment formation in macrofungi. The identified regulatory factors establish a molecular foundation for the precise manipulation of economically important pigmentation traits in edible mushroom.

Flavonoids↗
PubMed2025

Chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of Petunia hybrida.

Petunia hybrida is the world's most popular garden plant and is regarded as a supermodel for studying the biology associated with the Asterid clade, the largest of the two major groups of flowering plants. Unlike other Solanaceae, petunia has a base chromosome number of seven, not 12. This along with recombination suppression has previously hindered efforts to assemble its genome to chromosome level. Here we achieve a chromosome-level assembly for P. hybrida using a combination of short-read and long-read sequencing, optical mapping (Bionano) and Hi-C technologies. The resulting assembly spans 1253.6 Mb with a BUSCO score of 99.8%. A total of 35,089 genes were predicted and of those 29,655 were functionally annotated. Syntenic regions between petunia, tomato and pepper were identified, highlighting rearrangements that have occurred since their divergence indicating that the 12 chromosomes of Solanaceae did not originate from whole genome duplication of an ancestral species with seven chromosomes like petunia. This assembly will enhance trait mapping efficiency and serve as a valuable resource for functional genomic studies.

Petunia↗
PubMed2025

Evolutionary Genomics Unravels the Responses and Adaptation to Climate Change in a Key Alpine Forest Tree Species.

Despite widespread biodiversity loss, our understanding of how species and populations will respond to accelerated climate change remains limited. In this study, we integrate population genomics, experimental evolution, and environmental modeling to elucidate the evolutionary responses to climate change in Populus lasiocarpa, a key alpine forest tree species primarily distributed in the mountainous regions of a global biodiversity hotspot. Over historical timescales, our findings demonstrate that demographic dynamics, divergent selection, and long-term balancing selection have shaped and maintained genetic variation within and between populations. In examining genomic signatures of contemporary climate adaptation, we found that haplotype blocks, potentially caused by inversion polymorphisms that suppress recombination, are linked to enriched combinations of locally adaptive environmental variations. We further assessed the relative contributions of environmentally induced plastic responses, constitutive expression divergence between genetic clusters, and their interactions in driving gene expression variation and divergence. Notably, we observed a strong correlation between sequence divergence and constitutive differential expression among genetic clusters. Finally, by incorporating genetic adaptation, migration, and genetic load into our predictions of population-level climate change risks, we identified western populations-primarily distributed in the Hengduan Mountains, a region known for its environmental heterogeneity and significant biodiversity-as the most vulnerable to climate change. These populations should be prioritized for conservation and management. Overall, our study advances the understanding of the relative roles of long-term natural selection, local environmental adaptation, and immediate plastic expression changes in shaping the responses of natural populations of keystone species to climate change.

Climate Change↗
PubMed2026

Hidden genomic structure and widespread structural polymorphism across environmental gradients in the spiny sea star Marthasterias glacialis.

Genomic regions of reduced recombination can preserve linkage among co-adapted alleles, facilitating local adaptation despite high connectivity. Such regions-often generated by chromosomal inversions-may be especially important in highly dispersive marine taxa yet remain poorly documented in echinoderms. Here, we combined a chromosome-level reference genome with genome-wide ddRAD-seq from 296 Marthasterias glacialis individuals across 19 Atlantic-Mediterranean locations to quantify population structure and scan for recombination-suppressed haploblocks. Genome-wide neutral markers showed significant population differentiation together with evidence of high connectivity, revealed by the presence of inter-ecoregion migrants. Additionally, we identified 16 polymorphic haploblocks with patterns consistent with putative chromosomal inversions spanning 18.6% of the genome. Haploblock haplotypes were strongly environmentally and geographically structured and contained genes with key functions in stress response, osmoregulation and thermal tolerance. Haplotype distributions also paralleled previously described mitochondrial lineages despite nuclear gene flow, consistent with a model of ancient divergence followed by secondary contact. Overall, our results suggest a role for widespread structural polymorphism in adaptive differentiation in Echinodermata, providing a framework for linking echinoderm genome rearrangements to ecological divergence. Marthasterias glacialis thus emerges as a promising system to explore how structural variation contributes to adaptation and genome evolution in highly dispersive organisms.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

The inversion In(2L)t impacts complex, environmentally sensitive behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetic variation in behavioral traits allows organisms to respond and adapt to environmental challenges. Genetic variation in behavior is often affected by many genes and thus has a complex genetic basis. Inversions, the reorientation of genes along the chromosome, tightly link genetic variants together because they suppress recombination. Therefore, inversions are believed to have a major impact on phenotypic variation because they combine the effects of multiple genes, which can pleiotropically alter multiple aspects of behavior. This study investigates how the inversion In(2L)t, found in Drosophila melanogaster populations around the world, impacts different aspects of behavior in an environment-sensitive manner. We test the activity, foraging, and startle-induced behavior of flies with different In(2L)t genotypes across sex and temperatures. We observe that Drosophila homozygous for In(2L)t sleep less frequently, spend more time away from a food source, and have a longer duration of startle response. Additionally, the impacts of In(2L)t on aspects of behavior can be sex-specific and are largely consistent across temperatures. Taken together, our research demonstrates that inversions can regulate aspects of behavior, and suggests hypotheses explaining the distribution of In(2L)t across space and time.

Behavior↗
PubMed1978

Isolation of TOL and RP4 recombinants by integrative suppression.

We obtained genetic and molecular evidence of non-thermosensitive recombinants of RP4 (Kmr Tcr Cbr/Apr) and the thermosensitive TOL plasmid. As first isolated in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO, the recombinant plasmid pTN1 specified noninducible synthesis of TOL enzymes and was transmissible to Escherichia coli on selection for the transfer of kanamycin resistance. The phenotypic expression of TOL genes of pTN1 in E. coli was low and also noninducible. A spontaneous segregant, pTN2, appearing from pTN1, conferred inducible synthesis of TOL enzymes. These plasmids carry all of the TOL determinants as evidenced by the ability of Pseudomonas putida carrying recombinant plasmids to grow on toluene, xylene, and m-toluate. In E. coli the expression of TOL genes with normal regulation (pTN2) appears to be extremely low without induction, and the induced expression is comparable to that with defective regulation (pTN1). The measurement of the molecular weight of pTN2 by electron microscopy gave a value of about 74 X 10(6).

Conjugation, Genetic↗
PubMed2025

Heterologous expression and optimization of the antimicrobial peptide acidocin 4356 in Komagataella phaffii to target Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pose a serious global health threat due to their increasing prevalence and limited therapeutic options. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer promising alternatives to traditional antibiotics, yet their large-scale application remains constrained by high production costs and technical challenges. This research sought to develop a yeast-based system for the cost-efficient synthesis of acidocin 4356 (ACD), an antimicrobial peptide proven effective against P. aeruginosa. A codon-optimized ACD gene was cloned into the pPICZα-A expression vector and integrated into the Komagataella phaffii (formerly Pichia pastoris) GS115 genome. Colony PCR confirmed successful integration, and specific transformants demonstrated expression of the 6 × His-ECS-rACD fusion protein, as verified by SDS-PAGE and dot blot analysis. After Ni-NTA chromatography and enterokinase digestion, rACD was found at ~ 20 kDa instead of 8.3 kDa, suggesting oligomerization or post-translational modifications. Response surface methodology determined the optimal temperature, pH, and methanol concentration for peptide synthesis. Under optimal circumstances (21 °C, pH 6.24, and 1.089% methanol), rACD synthesis increased by 34.12% over baseline conditions (30 °C, pH 6, 1% methanol). AlphaFold structural modeling identified three α-helices in high-confidence regions, implicated in bacterial membrane disruption. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated potent rACD activity against P. aeruginosa, yielding a 58.29% reduction in growth at 150 µg/mL and MIC50 and MIC90 values of 143.04 and 320.64 µg/mL, respectively. These findings underscore K. phaffii as a robust platform for AMP production and highlight rACD's therapeutic potential as an effective agent against MDR P. aeruginosa, warranting further investigation into its clinical and industrial applications. KEY POINTS: • Developing a novel K. phaffii strain for heterologous expression supports efficient rACD peptide production. • Optimized conditions boosted expression yield by 34.12% above the reference fermentation settings. • Recombinant acidocin suppressed Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth by 58%, indicating anti-MDR activity.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa↗
PubMed1977

Formation of HfrH-type donor cells as a result of integrative suppression by R-F recombinant plasmids.

Three recombinant plasmids, resulting from recombination between an R plasmid of the FI incompatibility group and the F of HfrH, were introduced in a temperature-sensitive dnaA mutant to isolate Hfr-type-donors. All of the temperature-insensitive clones isolated from two of the three recombinant plasmids had the same origin and transfer pattern as the parental HfrH strain.

Chromosomes, Bacterial↗