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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Perceived latitude of choice of institutionalized and noninstitutionalized elderly women.

An Importance, Locus and Range of Activities Checklist, designed to assess self-perceived latitude of choice, a self concept and a life satisfaction scale were administered to 25 institutionalized and 25 noninstitutionalized elderly females. The checklist contained statements about 37 activities of daily living which subjects rated for personal importance and degree of choice available to them. The derived latitude of choice score was based jointly on importance and choice ratings for each activity. Institutionalized respondents, living in a relatively restrictive environment, earned significantly lower latitude of choice scores than did noninstitutionalized subjects. Latitude of choice, self concept and life satisfaction scores were significantly correlated. These findings attest to the appropriateness of the technique used to assess perceived latitude of choice. Modifications of the Importance, Locus and Range of Activities Checklist designed to provide a more profound measure of latitude of choice and to improve the applicability of the scale to different categories of respondents were discussed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

Variation of melanoma incidence with latitude in North America and Europe.

The relationship between melanoma incidence and latitude was investigated in North American and Europe, using the data collected by 43 population-based cancer registries. In North America melanoma incidence increased with decreasing latitude, supporting the role of UV light in the induction of melanoma. Within England the data from the National Cancer Registration scheme also showed that trend of decreased frequency of melanoma with decreasing latitude. In contrast, across Europe the trend was in the opposite direction, of increasing melanoma incidence with increasing latitude. It is suggested that across Europe there is a range of skin colour from dark in the south to light in the north, which gives rise to a range of susceptibility to the induction of melanoma by UV. The effect of this susceptibility must be large enough to overwhelm the opposing effect of decreased UV intensity at higher latitudes, and this emphasizes the dangers of excessive solar exposure to fair-skinned individuals. The populations of England may be a sufficiently random mix of skin colour, owing to repeated invasions, for the effect of UV intensity to be observed.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMed1979

[In vivo-measurements of the latitude of Schlemm's canal in buphthalmos (author's transl].

In 9 cases of buphthalmos 'in vivo-measurements of the latitude of Schlemm's canal gave us a mean value of 678 micron. The extreme values ranged between 600 micron and 800 micron. Therefore these values differ significantly from those measured 'in vivo' in chronic simple glaucoma (x:542 micron, extreme values 425 micron and 625 micron). The latitude of Schlemm's canal correlates with the diameter of cornea and the rise of intra-oculare pressure. In cases of buphtha-mos the success of trabeculotomy seems to be better, if the latitude of Schlemm's canal is less than l50 micron. Trabeculotomy should therefore be performed as soon as possible.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1978

Sunlight and incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Effect of latitude and domicile in Sweden.

The relationship between tumour incidence rate and habitation patterns was investigated in 3289 patients registered between 1959 and 1968 as cutaneous malignant melanoma in the Swedish Cancer Registry. A linear correlation analysis between latitude and melanoma incidence rate in various regions showed a coefficient, r, was -0.74, which implies a decreasing incidence with increasing latitude. This result supports the hypothesis that ultraviolet irradiation is the predominant cause of melanoma. However, considerable deviations from the regression line were seen in some regions. Moreover, a comparison between town and country indicated melanoma incidence increased with population density, an increase not explained by overdiagnosis and thus not in agreement with the working hypothesis of UV-irradiation as the predominant cause of melanoma. Increase of foreign travel, as estimated by passport issue, may explain the overrepresentation of melanoma in some regions namely city and county of Stockholm, city of Malmö and Göteborg county. As foreign travel in Sweden generally means sunshine trips, this town versus country paradox may also be explained on the basis of increased irradiation, as may the anomalies observed in some counties. A regression analysis of the epidemiological index for UV-irradiation and melanoma incidence, adjusted for foreign travel, demonstrated a close agreement with the results of the latitude gradient analysis.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Mercury concentrations in Pacific hake, Merluccius productus (Ayres), as a function of length and latitude.

Mercury concentrations in Pacific hake increase with fish size and with the latitude of collection. While the mercury-size trend is consistent with data for other species, the latitudinal trend is opposite to that reported for other fishes over the same geographical area. Consequently, latitudinal trends of mercury concentrations in fishes do not necessarily indicate trends of mercury concentrations in water. Food habits and metabolism may cause the observed variations.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Latitude, migration, and the prevalence of multiple sclerosis.

Prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) was determined in three groups of Caucasians in King and Pierce Counties (Washington) and in Los Angeles County (California): natives (born in study state), migrants from high-risk states (North), and migrants from low risk states (South). A diagnosis of definite or probable MS (excluding migrants with onset before migration) was established in 1816 of the persons found. The prevalence in Los Angeles County natives and in migrants from the South to either Los Angeles County or King-Pierce Counties were relatively low, while prevalence in King-Pierce Counties among natives and migrants from the North were high. The prevalence in migrants from the North to Los Angeles was intermediate. The results suggest that some degree of protection is provided to migrants by residence in low-prevalence areas, either early or later in life.

California↗