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Results for “labor productivity”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Study on the occupational stress norm and it's application for the marketing group, public service/safety group and production laborer group].

OBJECTIVE: A study of the occupational stress norm and it's application for the marketing group, public service/safety group and production laborer group. METHODS: In this study, cross-sectional study method is used, and a synthetic way of sorting and randomized sampling is adopted to deal with research targets (36 marketing group, 331 public service/safety group, 903 production laborer group). RESULTS: Descriptive statistics for OSI-R scale scores for the marketing group, public service/safety group and production laborer group were modulated. Scale raw score to T-score conversion tables derived from the OSI-R normative sample for marketing group public service/safety group and production laborer group were established. OSI-R profile from for marketing group, public service/safety group and production laborer group were established. For the ORQ and PSQ scales, scores at or above 70 indicate a strong levels of maladaptive stress and strain. Score in the range of 60 to 69 suggest middle levels of maladaptive stress and strain. Score in the range of 40 to 59 indicate normal levels of stress and strain. Score below 40 indicate a relative absence of occupational stress and strain. For the PRQ scales, score below 30 indicate a significant lack of coping resources. Score in the range of 30 to 39 suggest middle deficits in coping resources. Score in the range of 40 to 59 indicate average coping resources. Scores at or above 60 indicate a strong levels of coping resources. CONCLUSION: The authors combined subjective and objective environment match model of occupational stress. Different intervention measure should be take to reduce the occupational stress so as to improve the work ability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The labor productivity effects of chronic backache in the United States.

OBJECTIVES: Back pain afflicts approximately 31 million Americans, and is the number one cause of activity limitation in young adults. Little is known about the labor productivity costs associated with this chronic disease. Such information could provide useful input to employers considering alternative health benefits plans for managing their employees' health care needs. The goals of this study were to generate employee-level as well as national estimates of the labor productivity losses associated with chronic back ache. METHODS: Multivariate methods were used to isolate the effects of chronic backache on employment status and disability days. These results were combined with information on earnings to generate labor productivity cost estimates associated with chronic backache. The study used data from the National Medical Care Expenditure Survey (NMES), which provides information on health status, health care utilization and cost, work, disability, and sociodemographic characteristics for a nationally representative sample of the noninstitutionalized civilian population of the United States in 1987. RESULTS: Average annual productivity losses per worker due to chronic backache were $1,230 for male workers, measured in 1996 dollars, and $773 per female worker. These figures translated into aggregate annual productivity losses from chronic backache of approximately $28 billion in the United States. CONCLUSION: The labor productivity losses from chronic backache differed by gender and other sociodemographic characteristics. The aggregate labor productivity losses associated with chronic backache were quite large and comparable to estimates of the direct medical costs associated with treating this chronic illness.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1992

The trend in hospital output and labor productivity, 1980-1989.

This paper analyzes changes in hospital labor productivity from 1980 through 1989. Our primary measure is called aggregate productivity, defined as the ratio of admissions (after controlling for the complexity of patients treated) to full-time equivalent employees. To scrutinize changes in aggregate productivity more closely, we also developed two component measures. These are intermediate productivity, which examines the labor necessary to produce a set of patient care services, and the intensity of services. The data show that hospitals clearly became more efficient in producing services during the 1980s. However, these gains were overwhelmed by more services being provided, resulting in a decline in aggregate productivity. The pattern of intensity and productivity changes can be associated with some distinct phases of the Medicare prospective payment system.

Diagnosis-Related Groups↗
PubMed2001

Use data benchmarks to boost labor productivity.

The key to effective and long-lasting improvement in labor productivity is to equip middle managers with the right tools, says a former hospital administrator now serving as a consultant. One strategy is to look hard at typically ignored labor benchmarks.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed2002

Work environment effects on labor productivity: an intervention study in a storage building.

BACKGROUND: Although increased attention has been focused on the relationship between occupational health and productivity, solid scientific data on this topic are sparse. The purpose of the present case study was to assess the relationship between productivity and work environment in a storage building. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was implemented as an intervention consisting of the renovation of a harbor storage facility. The study design consisted of a single group of employees working in the storage hall. The physical and chemical factors, perceived environment, and labor productivity were measured before and after the renovation. RESULTS: As a result of the renovation, thermal conditions, air quality, and lighting conditions improved notably. In addition, the employees' subjective evaluations showed the significant decrease in dissatisfaction ratings. The direct measure for the labor productivity, expressed as zinc tons/work-hour (tn) increased about 9% after the renovation. DISCUSSION: We conclude that increased productivity is most likely related to the combined effect of the improved work environment, i.e., better thermal climate, reduced contaminant concentrations, and better lighting conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

On the relationships between rural labor productivity, family investment in education, and population quality.

The authors consider "the relationships between labor productivity and population quality in order to demonstrate the importance of economic development, and of improving population quality in rural areas. This study is made on the basis of surveys conducted in 1979 and 1986 on the age-specific VP and VC [volume of production and volume of consumption] in certain areas of Jiangsu Province [China]." Population quality is defined primarily in terms of the educational status of the labor force.

Asia↗
PubMed1982

Determining labor production time for roast entrées in hospital food services.

The Master Standard Data (MSD) Quantity Food Production Code was used to simulate entrée production in a hospital food service for 100 through 400 portions of roast entrée at intervals of 25 portions. Increases in labor time occurred at 125, 225, and 325 portions and were due to increased handling of containers and pans by employees. Production schedules, based on the MSD Quantity Food Production Code, may be developed and implemented in facilities where managers have identified standards for labor production time.

Food Service, Hospital↗
PubMed1977

Quantity food production labor time.

To facilitate the development and use of production time data in quantity foodservice, Master Standard Data (MSD) were applied to determine the feasibility of developing a standard code for synthesizing and predetermining production times. Observations were made in a 2,000-meal-per-day foodservice system to determine basic activities common to the production of single-item entrées. An MSD Quantity Food Production Code was developed through the use of MSD and verified by stop-watch time study. Three formulas for single-item entrées were analyzed, divided into basic elements of production, from which production time for preparation of 100 portions of each entrée was synthesized. Stop-watch studies were performed on three replications of the production of 100 portions of each item. Differences between synthesized time values determined by applying the MSD and stop-watch technique were within acceptable limits. The MSD Quantity Food Production Code was, therefore, considered valid and reliable. Repeated occurrence of similar elements within production methods indicated that the code could serve as a structural framework for establishing a universal data code applicable to all aspects of quantity food production.

Computers↗
PubMed1978

Master standard data quantity food production code. Macro elements for synthesizing production labor time.

Preparation procedures of standardized quantity formulas were analyzed for similarities and differences in production activities, and three entrée classifications were developed, based on these activities. Two formulas from each classification were selected, preparation procedures were divided into elements of production, and the MSD Quantity Food Production Code was applied. Macro elements not included in the existing Code were simulated, coded, assigned associated Time Measurement Units, and added to the MSD Quantity Food Production Code. Repeated occurrence of similar elements within production methods indicated that macro elements could be synthesized for use within one or more entrée classifications. Basic elements were grouped, simulated, and macro elements were derived. Macro elements were applied in the simulated production of 100 portions of each entrée formula. Total production time for each formula and average production time for each entrée classification were calculated. Application of macro elements indicated that this method of predetermining production time was feasible and could be adapted by quantity foodservice managers as a decision technique used to evaluate menu mix, production personnel schedules, and allocation of equipment usage. These macro elements could serve as a basis for further development and refinement of other macro elements which could be applied to a variety of menu item formulas.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Labor productivity in hospitals.

Increased competition as a means of health care cost control has brought hospital productivity under scrutiny. Hospital personnel per adjusted census has been increasing. Productivity increases require active participation of workers at all levels, including doctors and trustees. Participation is its own powerful reward; external standards inevitably imply sanctions. Real gains in productivity require integration of clinical and nonclinical activities. These will also require reduced hospital employment. A four-step outline for increased productivity is included.

Efficiency↗