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Results for “job redesign”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Control of manual lifting hazards: II. Job redesign.

Job content and workplace components can be altered to assure that lifting stresses remain within the acceptable limits defined for the industrial population-at-large. The plan for redesign advocates (1) maintaining the weight handled within the recommended limits; (2) modifying the workplace to enhance postural stability and to avoid handling weights and excessive physical loading; and (3) increasing available job time by reducing frequency of lifts and/or introducing appropriate rest periods. Limits recommended by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health on acceptable loads are reviewed.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preventing damage to workers' health: redesigning jobs through day-to-day negotiation].

This paper reflects on prevention of harm to workers' health by redesigning jobs. Assuming redesign as the process of negotiating organizational choices, the author discusses the characteristics of routine negotiation at the workplace, illustrated by daily negotiations in work process organization at a Brazilian food-processing factory. Finally, the author discusses both the range and limits of such negotiations in the prevention of harm to workers' health.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1998

Job Redesign Needs for Aged Workers.

The aim of this paper is to explore and present a proposal for redesigning elements of the workplace for agech workers. The method of research was to observe, record, and measure the actions of sitting workers performing assembly operations on electrical products in the Kani Plant Nagoya Works of Mitsubishi Electric Co. (Japan). The evaluation index used in the experiment was obtained by measuring time motion elements, cycle time per product, and motion velocity waves of elderly workers. Those motion characteristics were then compared to the motion characteristics of young workers. The results led to job redesign elements being identified to reduce handling factors of high difficulty for aged workers and to the necessity to consider a coefficient of correction in Method Time Measurement (MTM) according to differences in the manufactured object's weight.

aged workers↗
PubMed1992

Improving nursing home care through training and job redesign.

Nursing assistants have the primary contact with older residents of nursing homes. The Penn State Nursing Home Intervention Project's short-term longitudinal study assessed the single and combined effects of two interventions designed to affect nursing assistants' performance by increasing their knowledge and motivation: skills training and job redesign. Statistically significant differences in nursing assistants' knowledge were evident in comparisons between intervention and control sites, but performance was not improved. Implications for policy, practice, and research are discussed.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1988

An EMG-study of work methods and equipment in crane coupling as a basis for job redesign.

Previous studies have shown that physical strain is perceived as the main work environment problem for crane couplers. During one year, 70% of the crane couplers at two Swedish steelworks (n = 124) indicated complaints of the locomotor system. An experimental field study comprising seven healthy female crane couplers was therefore carried out to determine if crane coupling implies too high a physical strain for healthy individuals, and to suggest ergonomics solutions to such problems if they occur. The significance of using different methods and equipment for reducing physical strain was evaluated by vocational EMG (four shoulder/neck and arm muscles), heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion. The data suggest that crane coupling may have harmful effects on the shoulder/neck. The investigated changes in work methods and equipment reduced the peak loads. If the crane coupler also has to operate the crane by radio control, this implies a rationalisation as well as a reduction in strain.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Technological and environmental characteristics of intensive care units. Implications for job redesign.

Nurse executives are experiencing severe pressures to create systems of care delivery that provide services in more cost-conscious ways. Before care systems can be restructured, a systematic assessment of the work and the environment of the nursing unit must take place. This study found significant differences among nine intensive care units regarding both the nature of their work and their environments. These differences provided information that can be used in staffing decisions, nurse/physician interaction, and staff nurse and managerial recruitment.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Guidelines for redesigning jobs with repetitive tasks].

Preventive measures aimed at minimising the occurrence of work-related musculo-skeletal disorders of the upper limbs (WMSDs) associated with repetitive tasks can be divided into 3 categories: structural, organisational and educational. Whenever specific risk and injury assessments have shown the need for preventive action, this is most often implemented within the framework of a range of assorted measures. In particular, structural measures pertain to optimising the layout of the work area and furnishings, and the "ergonomic" properties of work tools and equipment. Such measures serve to alleviate the problems caused by the use of excessive force and improper postures. The authors refer to the principles guiding such structural measures, in the light of the extensive literature that has been published on the subject. Organisational (or re-organisational) measures essentially relate to job design (i.e. distribution of tasks, speeds and pauses). They serve to alleviate problems connected with highly repetitive and frequent actions, excessively lengthy tasks and inadequate recovery periods. Very few relevant findings are available: the authors therefore illustrate in some detail a practical trial conducted in a major engineering firm. The objective was to lower to acceptable limits the frequency of certain repetitive tasks performed by workers using their upper limbs. The trial made it possible to identify a suitable plan and schedule of measures taking into due consideration the impact of the plan on production levels (and costs). The fundamental principles guiding the adoption of specific educational and training programmes for the workers and their supervisors are presented and discussed.

Arm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analyzing jobs for redesign decisions.

Job analysis, the collection and interpretation of information that describes job behaviors and activities performed by occupants of jobs, can provide nurse administrators with valuable information for redesigning effective and efficient systems of care.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Work stress and patient safety: observer-rated work stressors as predictors of characteristics of safety-related events reported by young nurses.

This study investigates the link between workplace stress and the 'non-singularity' of patient safety-related incidents in the hospital setting. Over a period of 2 working weeks 23 young nurses from 19 hospitals in Switzerland documented 314 daily stressful events using a self-observation method (pocket diaries); 62 events were related to patient safety. Familiarity of safety-related events and probability of recurrence, as indicators of non-singularity, were the dependent variables in multilevel regression analyses. Predictor variables were both situational (self-reported situational control, safety compliance) and chronic variables (job stressors such as time pressure, or concentration demands and job control). Chronic work characteristics were rated by trained observers. The most frequent safety-related stressful events included incomplete or incorrect documentation (40.3%), medication errors (near misses 21%), delays in delivery of patient care (9.7%), and violent patients (9.7%). Familiarity of events and probability of recurrence were significantly predicted by chronic job stressors and low job control in multilevel regression analyses. Job stressors and low job control were shown to be risk factors for patient safety. The results suggest that job redesign to enhance job control and decrease job stressors may be an important intervention to increase patient safety.

Ergonomics↗