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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Clinico-genetic features of epilepsy in isolates and a panmictic population with intra-pair, intra-isolate and inter-isolate analysis].

Clinico-genealogical investigation revealed certain specific clinico-genetic characteristics of epilepsy under the conditions of isolation (62 cases) as compared to a panmictic population (76 cases). Itra-pair inter-isolate (31 pairs) and intra-isolate (29pairs) comparison has shown a higher frequency of complete phenotypic similarity in cases of intraisolate (24,1%), than in cases of inter-isolate (9,7%) epilepsy. A more conspicuous interisolate (than intra-isolate) clinical polymorphism of epilepsy combined with an equal frequency of intra-pair inter- and intra-isolate similarity with respect to exogonia and with a distinct (two-fold) increase of the average inbreeding coefficient between the parents of the patients (F = 0,0285) as compared to the general population of the isolates affords the evidence of the genetic heterogeneity of the disease. One of the mechanisms of the hereditary heterogeneity is assumed to be the polylocularity (genocopying).

Epilepsy↗
PubMed1979

Demonstration of human apolipoprotien A in isolated mucosal cells from small intestine and isolated hepatocytes.

Isolated mucosal cells from the human jejunum and stomach, cryostat sections from the jejunum, isolated parenchymal liver cells and lymphocytes were investigated for the presence of apolipoprotien A (apoA). Antisera against purified human apoA-I and apoA-II were raised in rabbits and conjugated with fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC). Mucosal cells from jejunum and stomach were isolated with pronase from tissue obtained from operated patients. ApoA-I and apoA-II could be demonstrated in isolated mucosal cells as well as in cryostat sections from the jejunum. The fluorescence pattern in isolated jejunal cells was coarse granular. In the radial gel diffusion test the homogenate from mucosal cells of jejunum showed a single precipitation line with anti-apoA-I and with anti-apoA-II, respectively. The reaction was more intensive with anti-apoA-I than with anti-apoA-II. Isolated gastric cells were negative for apoA. Hepatocytes incubated with FITC anti-apoA-I showed a fine granular fluorescence pattern in the cytoplasm. Anti-apoA-II did not react with hepatocytes. There was no evidence for an in vivo fixation of serum-apoA at the surface of isolated mucosal cells from jejunum or isolated hepatocytes. The results support the hypotheses that in man apoA is synthesised in the epithelial cells of the small intestine and in parenchymal liver cells.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of alpha- and beta-cell secretory responses in islets isolated with collagenase and in the isolated perfused pancreas of rats.

The inhibitory actions of somatostatin (100 ng./ml.) on insulin release, stimulated by high glucose (20 mM), and on glucagon release, stimulated by arginine (15 mM), were studied with two in vitro systems: the isolated perifused rat islets prepared by the collagenase procedure and the isolated perfused rat pancreas. Suppression of arginine-induced glucagon release by glucose (20 mM) and glyceraldehyde (5 mM) was also assessed in both systems. With the perfused pancreas, somatostatin caused 32 per cent inhibition of glucose-mediated insulin release and inhibited arginine-induced glucagon release by 72 per cent. In the same system, glucose and glyceraldehyde were similarly potent inhibitors of arginine-induced glucagon secretion. In contrast to the isolated perfused pancreas, there was no significant somatostation suppression of glucose-induced insulin release or arginine-induced glucagon release whether the inhibitor was present prior to or was added during stimulation by glucose or arginine. Furthermore, glucose was only minimally active and glyceraldehyde ineffective in inhibiting glucagon secretion due to arginine in the perifusion system. The most plausible explanation for the difference in the endocrine response of islet cells in the two types of widely used in vitro systems is that the alpha and beta cells have lost inhibitory receptors in the plasma membrane as a result of the collagenase isolation technic.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Lysogeny in Escherichia coli isolated from birds and the spectrum of the lytic action of isolated phage].

Studies was the lysogenicity in a total of 70 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from birds. As many as 19 lysogeneic strains were isolated, yielding 19 phages that had the signature of lysogenic strains. Two serologic groups of phages were established by means of the neutralization reaction. It was found that phages 30 and 229, representing the two serologic groups of bacteriophages could lyse up to 44 per cent of the E. coli strains isolated from birds, 7 per cent of those isolated from calves, and 4 per cent of those from pigs. Out of 74 Salmonella strains, belonging to ten species, the same phages lysed two strains of Salmonella newport and 1 strain of Salmonella anatum. It is believed that phage lysis could be used to establish the source of infection and to evaluate the effectiveness of the prophylactic measures applied, incl. disinfection.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Synergy between carbenicillin and an aminoglycoside (gentamicin or tobramycin) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with endocarditis and sensitivity of isolates to normal human serum.

Isolates from the blood of 30 patients with endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa were tested for synergy between carbenicillin and an aminoglycoside, either gentamicin or tobramycin, by in vitro checkerboard methods in modified (cation-supplemented) Mueller-Hinton broth. Twenty-five of the 30 isolates were affected synergistically. Whether given low (2.5--5 mg/kg) or high (8 mg/kg) doses of aminoglycoside along with 30 g of carbenicillin daily, all of the five patients infected with pseudomonads that were not synergistically affected were refractory to treatment with pseudomonads that were not synergistically affected were refractory to treatment with the carbenicillin-gentamicin combination, whereas the finding of synergy of carbenicillin with gentamicin (or tobramycin) did not assure a medical cure. Tests for synergy between carbenicillin and gentamicin yielded different results in Mueller-Hinton agar than in modified Mueller-Hinton broth. The majority (28) of 30 isolates of endocarditis-producing P. aeruginosa were resistant to the bactericidal effects of 50% pooled normal serum that had been freshly separated. One of the endocarditis-producing strains that was sensitive to 50% serum was resistant to 10% serum. However, sensitivity or resistance to freshly separated, pooled normal human serum did not predict the outcome of antibacterial therapy for pseudomonas endocarditis.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of seven isolants of infectious bronchitis virus by interference with the B-1 isolant of Newcastle disease virus.

Seven isolants of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) interfered with the development of hemagglutinins (HA) by the B-1 isolant of Newcaslte disease virus (NDV) in eggs previously inoculated with these IBV isolants. The I50 [defined as the minimum amount of IBV needed to produce, upon inoculation in embryonating chicken eggs (ECE), HA interference in 50% of these ECE reioculated 10 hr later with 10(2,41 EID50 (HA) of the B-1 strain of NDV] was less than 1 EID50. The interference was considered specific for IBV because if could be eliminated by addition of homologous anti-IBV serum. Furthermore, three other common poultry viruses (laryngotracheitis, fowlpox, and CELO viruses) did not interfere with NDV. In view of its sensitivity, specificity, and simplicity of performance, the IBV-NDV interference test appears to have considerable potential as a diagnostic test for IBV under field conditions.

Coronaviridae↗
PubMed1975

Isolation and characterization of an adenovirus and isolation of its adenovirus-associated virus in cell culture from foals with respiratory tract disease.

An adenovirus was isolated from a foal with respiratory tract disease. The virus produced cytopathic effects (CPE) in equine embryo kidney (EEK) cell culture, contained deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), was resistant to chloroform and pH 3, and was moderately resistant to heat. The virus caused hemagglutination of human (type O) erythrocytes. Viral density was 1.34 g/cm,3 and diameter was 75 nm. An adenovirus-associated virus (AAV) isolated from the infected cell culture was 22 nm in diameter. These viruses are classified as equine adenovirus and equine AAV.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antigenic determinants in the composition of the hemagglutinins of the influenza virus H1N1 isolated in 1977 and of the H1N1 viruses isolated in 1947--1956].

A comparative analysis of hemagglutinins (HA) of the A/USSR/090/77 (H1N1) virus isolated in 1977 and A/FM/47, A/Leningrad/49, A/Pan/52, and A/Netherlands/56 viruses with the antigenic formula (H1N1) was done. By the method of cross adsorption of rabbit influenza antisera, HA of the viruses under study were found to contain three antigenic determinants: one is common for all the variants studied, another characterizes the relationships of individual variants isolated in different years, and the third is strain-specific, determining the antigenic differences between the variants. According to our results, the influenza A/USSR/090/77 (H1N1) virus has in its HA three antigenic determinants closely related or identical to those of HA of a/leningrad/49 and A/Pan/52 viruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Multiple sclerosis and parainfluenza 1 virus. History of the isolation of the virus and expression of phenotypic differences between the isolated virus and Sendai virus.

54 cultures were established from brain tissue obtained 2-3 hrs after death from 1 case of multiple sclerosis and 30 cultures from another case. Following fusion with indicator cells in the presence of lysolecithin, a parainfluenza type 1 virus (6/94 virus) was isolated from cultures representing one plaque area in the first case and one plaque area in the second case. A cell line chronically infected with the 6/94 virus has been maintained for more than 100 passages in vitro. A close relationship to the Sendai Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan (HVJ) is indicated from RNA-RNA hybridization and the patterns of electrophoretic mobilities of viral polypeptides. Conversely, differences in optima for growth-requirement temperatures, hemolytic activity and the capability to fuse mammalian cells, distinguishes 6/94 virus and HVJ as distinct phenotypic entities of a closely related genotype.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Pseudaquabacterium prasiolae sp. nov., Isolated from the Freshwater Green Alga Prasiola japonica, and Rubrivivax soli sp. nov., Isolated from Soil, with Reclassification of Aquabacterium humicola as Pseudaquabacterium humicola comb. nov.

Two Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, non-flagellated rod-shaped bacteria, designated OR-4T and RP6-9T, were isolated from the freshwater green alga Prasiola japonica and soil in Republic of Korea, respectively. Strain OR-4T exhibited gliding motility, whereas strain RP6-9T lacked gliding motility. Strain OR-4T grew at 10-30 °C, pH 6.0-9.0, and 0-1.5% (w/v) NaCl, while strain RP6-9T grew at 20-35 °C, pH 6.0-9.0, and 0-1.0% (w/v) NaCl. Both strains contained ubiquinone-8 as the sole respiratory quinone and phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol as major polar lipids; strain OR-4T additionally possessed an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified polar lipid. The predominant fatty acids of OR-4T were C12:0, C16:0, summed feature 3 (C16:1ω6c and/or C16:1ω7c), and summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1ω6c), whereas RP6-9T contained C12:0, C16:0, and summed feature 3 as major components. The genomic DNA G + C content of both strains was 71.0 mol%. Whole-genome-based phylogenomic analyses placed OR-4T and RP6-9T within the genera Pseudaquabacterium and Rubrivivax, respectively, forming distinct lineages. Comparative analyses of average nucleotide identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and average amino acid identity further supported their assignment to these genera while confirming their separation from previously described species. Based on combined phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genomic evidence, strains OR-4T and RP6-9T represent novel species, for which the names Pseudaquabacterium prasiolae sp. nov. (type strain OR-4T =KACC 22752T =NBRC 116024T) and Rubrivivax soli sp. nov. (type strain RP6-9T =KACC 24055T =DSM 119932T) are proposed. Phylogenomic analyses also support the reclassification of Aquabacterium humicola as Pseudaquabacterium humicola comb. nov. (type strain RJY3T =KCTC 92105T =NBRC 115831T).

Phylogeny↗
PubMed1979

Astroglial and axonal proteins in isolated brain filaments. I. Isolation of the glial fibrillary acidic protein and of an immunologically active cyanogen bromide peptide from brain filament preparations of bovine white matter.

The glial fibrillary acidic protein and an immunologically active cyanogen bromide peptide were purified by immunoaffinity chromatography from 8 M urea extracts of brain filament preparations isolated from bovine white matter according to Norton's procedure. The protein accounted for approximately 30% of the total protein in this preparation and for the largest fraction in the 50 000 molecular weight range. The fraction not absorbed to the immuno-Sepharose column reacted with neurofilament antisera by double immunodiffusion. On sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis the main bands in the non-adsorbed fraction were at 74 000 daltons and above 100 000. Several bands were seen in the 50 000 molecular weight range. It is concluded that glio- and neurofilaments co-purify together in Norton's procedure and that neurofilaments are probably heterogeneous in polypeptide composition.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The isolation and lipid composition of subcellular fractions derived from neuronal perikarya isolated in bulk from rabbit cerebral cortex.

(1) Neuronal perikarya were isolated from rabbit cerebral cortex and were homogenized and separated into a number of subcellular membrane fractions using differential and discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. (2) The efficiency of homogenizing the nerve cell bodies could be greatly increased by the preliminary passage of the cell body fraction through a micropipet tip. (3) Of a number of density media, a discontinuous gradient of metrizamide gave the best resolution of the mitochondrial and lysosomal marker enzymes found in the crude mitochondrial fraction. This yielded a purified mitochondrial fraction and several lighter membrane fractions. (4) The lighter membrane fractions in metrizamide contained a degree of mitochondrial contamination which could be removed by a second gradient spin on 1.2 M sucrose, producing a second mitochondrial fraction and two light membrane fractions. (5) Based on marker analyses, fractions enriched in nuclei, mitochondria, microsomes and plasma membrane/lysosomes were produced. (6) The two mitochondrial fractions showed the highest, and the nuclear fraction the lowest specific phospholipid content. Cholesterol: phospholipid molar ratios showed a gradient of values from a low (0.2) for the mitochondria and nuclei to an intermediate value (0.4) for the microsomes to a high (0.6) for the light membrane fractions. (7) Phospholipid distributions indicated that for the nuclear and mitochondrial fractions phosphatidylinositol was more abundant than sphingomyelin or phosphatidylserine, while for the microsomes and the two light membrane fractions these three phospholipids were present in almost equal amounts.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed2026

A Rapid Poly(ethylene glycol)-Assisted Magnetic Isolation Approach for High-Throughput Extracellular Vesicle Isolation and Subsequent Biomarker Analysis.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial mediators of intercellular communication and have the potential to serve as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. However, most EV isolation methods often require large sample volumes and specialized instruments or involve trade-offs between purity, yield, cost, and scalability. We developed MagPEG, a workflow that combines poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-mediated EV aggregation with magnetic beads to provide a simple, reproducible alternative to ultracentrifugation, size-exclusion chromatography, and commercial precipitation kits. Our optimization experiments clarified the PEG concentration, ionic strength, and bead surface chemistry that collectively influence EV aggregation, capture efficiency, and contaminant coprecipitation, allowing us to define conditions that improve purity while maintaining high recovery. Compared with commonly used methods, MagPEG produced EVs with comparable size distribution, EV markers, and proteomic profiles while relying only on standard laboratory supplies. A key feature of the platform is that EVs and EV-associated DNA, RNA, and proteins can be sequentially extracted from the same bead-bound material, reducing sample loss and hands-on time and enabling multiomic analysis for limited clinical or small animal samples. MagPEG is compatible with downstream applications including proteomics, bead-based assays, and miRNA quantification. When applied to human serum, the method supported high-throughput EV proteomic profiling and enabled the identification of Alzheimer's disease-associated protein signatures, illustrating its utility for biomarker discovery. Overall, our results establish MagPEG as a powerful, rapid, scalable, and high-throughput solution for translational applications in biomarker discovery.

Polyethylene Glycols↗
PubMed1978

Differences in postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptor populations between isolated cat urethra and various other isolated tissues.

This study was undertaken with the aim of determining whether the postsynaptic alpha-adrenergic receptor population of the cat urethra differed from that of other isolated tissues (rabbit aorta and rat vas deferens) and if so the possibility of selectively affect these receptors. For this purpose the substances 2-methylammonio-1-(spiro[cyclopentane-1,1'-indene]-3'-yl)ethanol (KABI 2023), noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) were used. KABI 2023 and NA acted as full agonists on all three tissues investigated. DA was a full agonist on the vas deferens but was almost inactive on urethra. The contractile response of urethra to KABI 2023 was of an alpha-adrenergic nature, as it could be blocked with phentolamine. Compared with NA, KABI 2023 showed a 10 times higher selectivity for the receptors of urethra than for those of aorta. Affinity constants (log KB) for phentolamine and haloperidol with use of the various agonists were estimated. The affinity of phentolamine was found to be significantly different when using NA and KABI 2023 as agonists on the urethra but not on the aorta. Corresponding findings were obtained with haloperidol. On the vas deferens a greater difference in log KB values than that on the urethra was found. On the basis of the results, it is suggested that the population of postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors in the urethra (cat) differs from that in the aorta (rabbit). On the vas deferens a heterogenicity of postsynaptic receptors seem to exist which makes the interpretation of the results more difficult on this organ. In the presence of phentolamine and haloperidol the maximum responses to NA were potentiated on the aorta and vas deferens, but not on the urethra. Investigations to evaluate this difference are now in progress.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Microbial oxidation of methane and methanol: isolation of methane-utilizing bacteria and characterization of a facultative methane-utilizing isolate.

A methane-utilizing organism capable of growth both on methane and on more complex organic substrates as a sole source of carbon and energy, has been isolated and studied in detail. Suspensions of methane-grown cells of this organism oxidized C-1 compounds (methane, methanol, formaldehyde, formate); hydrocarbons (ethane, propane); primary alcohols (ethanol, propanol); primary aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde); alkenes (ethylene, propylene); dimethylether; and organic acids (acetate, malate, succinate, isocitrate). Suspensions of methanol-or succinate-grown cells did not oxidize methane, ethane, propane, ethylene, propylene, or dimethylether, suggesting that the enzymatic systems required for oxidation of these substrates are induced only during growth on methane. Extracts of methane-grown cells contained a particulate reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent methane monooxygenase activity. Oxidation of methanol, formaldehyde, and primary alcohols was catalyzed by a phenazine methosulfate-linked, ammonium ion-requiring methanol dehydrogenase. Oxidation of primary aldehydes was catalyzed by a phenazine methosulfate-linked, ammonium ion-independent aldehyde dehydrogenase. Formate was oxidized by a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-specific formate dehydrogenase. Extracts of methane-grown, but not succinate-grown, cells contained the key enzymes of the serine pathway, hydroxypyruvate reductase and malate lyase, indicating that the enzymes of C-1 assimilation are induced only during growth on C-1 compounds. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was induced during growth on glucose. Extracts of methane-grown cells contained low levels of enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, including alpha-keto glutarate dehydrogenase, relative to the levels found during growth on succinate.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1978

Type C oncornavirus isolation studies in systemic lupus erythematosus. III. Isolation of a putative retravirus by triple cell fusion.

A putative retravirus was isolated from a cell culture derived by fusion of mink and dog cell lines with cultured placental cells from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. The virus was detected by reverse transcriptase assay of supernatant medium after prolonged subculturing. Its characterisation, including species of origin, is in progress, but it is probably a new type C virus. Its role, if any, in lupus erythematosus in unknown.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of the characteristics of avian reoviruses isolated from the digestive and respiratory tract, with viruses isolated from the synovia.

Two-week-old gnotobiotic chicks were inoculated in the foot pad with viruses isolated from synovia and synovial membrane-WVU 1464-29H, WVU 1675, WVU 2937, WVU 2986, and WVU 71-212; from digestive tract-reoviruses 24, 25, and 59; or from respiratory tract-reovirus Fahey-Crawley (FC). All viruses induced swelling of the foot pad and inflammatory changes of synovial membrane. Serum from virus-infected chicks had a common agar gel precipitin (AGP) line. On the basis of the plaque-reduction test in primary chicken kidney (PCK) cells, the viruses were classified into 4 major serotypes. All viruses produced cytopathic effects (CPE) in primary chicken tissue cultures. Other than reovirus FC and WVU 1464-29H, all viruses produced CPE in the Vero cell line.

Animals↗