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Results for “hyperandrogenism”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Adrenal hyperandrogenism: detection by adrenal scintigraphy.

Hyperandrogenism is a common endocrinopathy in women. Localization of the source of excess androgen production is mandatory for proper management. Ovarian hyperandrogenism has been implicated in the majority of patients studied, though the true prevalence of adrenal hyperandrogenism is not yet known. Adrenal scintigraphy is a simple non-invasive technique which detects adrenal functional abnormalities. The detection of adrenal hyperandrogenism by adrenal scintigraphy in three women with mild hirsutism is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2026

From premature adrenarche to adult metabolic risk and hyperandrogenism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

CONTEXT: Idiopathic premature adrenarche (IPA) has been associated with a higher risk of metabolic and reproductive dysfunction, but long-term/adult outcomes remain incompletely known. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between IPA and metabolic syndrome, as well as polycystic ovarian syndrome, in premenarcheal adolescent and adult women. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies reporting outcomes in females with IPA after menarche. Databases were searched through February 2025. Primary outcomes included body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance markers, and clinical and biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism. Data were pooled using random-effects models. The GRADE approach was applied to assess the certainty of evidence. RESULTS: A total of 21 studies comprising 635 females with IPA and 307 age-matched controls were included. Compared to controls, IPA individuals showed significantly higher BMI (mean difference: 1.4; CI: 1.0-1.9), fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, indicating persistent insulin resistance. Markers of hyperandrogenism, including Ferriman-Gallwey score, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and Free androgenic index, were also elevated. Secondary analyses revealed higher triglycerides, lower high-density lipoprotein, increased leptin, and greater carotid intima-media thickness, supporting an early pattern of cardiometabolic risk. GRADE assessment rated most outcomes as low certainty. CONCLUSION: Women with a history of IPA are at increased risk of long-term insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, with early signs of adverse cardiometabolic profiles. These findings support the need for long-term monitoring in this population.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Ovarian hyperandrogenism with normal and abnormal histologic findings of the ovaries.

Thirty-one patients with clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) were studied to determine the correlation between biochemical and histologic findings. The biochemical features investigated were the effects of adrenocortical and ovarian suppression by dexamethasone and oral contraceptives (Ovulen) on plasma free androgens. Four patients showed a histologic picture consistent with PCO (Group A), and five had histologically normal ovaries (Group B). The remaining 22 patients had no tissue available for histologic examination (Group C). The baseline values of plasma free testosterone (FTel) were higher and those of testosterone-binding globulin (TeBG) were lower (p less than 0.05) in Group A than in Group B, although plasma total testosterone (T) and the free 17beta-hydroxysteroid androgen index (FHSl) were similar in the two groups. During dexamethasone administration in all study groups, T and FTel fell slightly (17.7% to 33.8%), and FHSl levels decreased moderately (36% to 46.6%); in no case did both indices of free androgen levels fall to the normal range for dexamethasone-suppressed women. However, no change was noted in TeBG in all three groups. On the other hand, Ovulen treatment suppressed T and free androgens to normal in all groups, and raised TeBG more than 350% from the baseline. These data suggest a decrease in androgen production. The effects of dexamethasone and Ovulen on all three groups were similar in percent changes. As Group B patients resemble those of Group A biochemically and clinically, except for possibly being less hyperandrogenic, the concept of ovarian hyperandrogenism should be expanded to include patients with no anatomic ovarian abnormality, particularly in milder cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of prednisone on plasma testosterone levels and on duration of phases of the menstrual cycle in hyperandrogenic women.

A group of 106 women of reproductive age with laboratory and clinical evidence of hyperandrogenism was treated with prednisone. The daily dosage varied between 7.5 and 10 mg. Ovulatory activity was assessed prior to and during therapy by basal body temperature and observation of changes in the cervical os and cervical mucus. Plasma testosterone levels were significantly suppressed by prednisone therapy. This was associated with initiation of ovulatory activity in 5 of 14 (35.7%) amenorrheic patients and 10 of 11 (90.9%) anovulatory patients. In 81 ovulatory patients, prednisone therapy resulted in statistically significant shortening of the follicular phase and lengthening of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The mean length of the menstrual cycle was unchanged. Significant correlations between percentage suppression of plasma testosterone and shortening of the follicular phase or lengthening of the luteal phase were observed. Suppression of plasma testosterone by prednisone was maximal after 2 months of treatment, while the effect on the phases of the menstrual cycle was progressive with duration of treatment. The effects of prednisone at daily dosages of 7.5 or 10 mg were not significantly different. These results suggest that prednisone therapy in hyperandrogenic women exerts an effect on both phases of the menstrual cycle, possibly related to suppression of plasma testosterone levels.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adrenal hyperandrogenism due to enzyme disturbance of late onset (author's transl)].

In the context of hyperandrogenism, the group of hyperandrogenism due to disturbances in hormon-synthesis of late onset is worthy of being considered separately, not by virtue of its prevalence but by the fact that its course may be one of isolate hirsutism (3 cases out of 11 in this study), or even sterility. The diagnosis may be of varying difficulty, because of the incomplete nature of the block. Eleven cases are reported, ten due to a partial deficit in 21 hydroxydation, and one due to a deficit in 11 hydroxydation. The presence of cortisone precursors is often more significant in stimulation tests. Estimation of blood testosterone levels may give somewhat high results in certain cases, but it must be emphasized that it may be diminished dexamethasone and the estimateion of delta 4 androstenedione is of value. In difficult cases, the diagnosis of a minor or incomplete disturbance is based upon a combination of biological, statistical and dynamic arguments. However this diagnosis is important since cortisone at low inhibitory doses are effective, in particular against menstrual disorders, sometimes making it possible to rapidly correct sterility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of chlormandinone acetate upon seizures in epileptic children with latent signs of hyperandrogenism].

The effect of chlormadinone acetate (24 mg/day) upon the plasma levels of pituitary gonadotropins and gonadal hormones on the number of generalized convulsions and spike EEG density was investigated in a group of epileptic children with intractable seizures and with clinical signs suggestive of hyperandrogenism. In each case, the effect of chlormadinone was evaluated in relation to hormonal levels and seizures observed during a control period and under the effect of placebo as follows: Control (PC)-Chlormadinone acetate (PCL1)-Placebo (PP)-Chlormadinone acetate (PCL2). In a male child (4MS), the number of convulsive attacks observed in the control period (26/month) was reduced during PCL1 (2/month) increased during PP (12/month) and was reduced again during PCL2 (0/month). Spike EEG density showed a parallel course to the clinical attacks. In this case, control levels of testosterone were markedly elevated (40 ng/ml) and were decreased during PCL1 to 4.0 increased again during PP to 34.0 and decreased again during PCL2 to 1.2 ng/ml. Plasma levels of pituitary gonadotropins were unchanged throughout the entire period of study. In other cases, neither the number of epileptic attacks nor spike EEG density were apparently affected by this regime and plasma levels of pituitary gonadotropins and gonadal hormones were also unmodified. These results suggest that a latent state of hyperandrogenism may be detected in some epileptic patients with intractable seizures and that chlormadinone may reduce convulsive attacks in these patients, probably by decreasing testosterone plasma levels.

Androstenedione↗
PubMed1977

[Etiopathogenetic and clinical notes on the syndrome of the micropolycystic hyperandrogenic ovary and matrimonial sterility].

The nosological, clinical, aetiopathogenetic and therapeutic aspects of hyperandrogenic micropolycystic ovary are examined with particular reference to matrimonial sterility. There is not doubt about the existence of a syndrome substantially characterized, clinically, by menstrual trouble, inability to procreate, more or less evident signs of hyperandrogenism and a tendency to obesity and, morphologically, by ovarian micropolycystic alterations of typical pathognomonic aspect: the marked production of androgens on the part of the female gonad possibly accompanied by peripheral alterations interfering with their metabolism. The syndrome is not too frequent and, in personal experience, occurs in less than 1% of the series. The main therapeutic approach remains cuneiform resection of the ovary. Still in personal experience, 21.2% of cases treated led to pregnancy but not more than eight-ten months after operation. The effect would therefore appear to be transitory and the operation is decisively rejected where unmarried women are involved.

Androgens↗
PubMed1976

The significance of the combined dexamethasone-HCG test for the assessment of hyperandrogenism.

The combined dexamethasone-HCG test was employed in 57 patients with excessive androgen secretion in order to differentiate the Stein-Leventhal syndrome from other disorders associated with increased androgen production. The patients were classified according to the test results. All except two of the patients gave a test result typical for the Stein-Leventhal syndrome.

17-Ketosteroids↗