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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Screen-film mammography versus xeromammography in the detection of breast cancer.

There are two common methods of obtaining high-quality screening mammography: screen-film mammography (more simply, mammography) using a dedicated unit, and xeromammography. We studied the accuracy of the two techniques in detecting breast cancer by a retrospective study, analysing accuracy of interpretation in cases where both mammography and xeromammography were performed. Seventy-six patients were considered with 86 biopsies and mammograms resulting in detection of 32 cancers and 54 benign lesions. There was no difference in accuracy of interpretation between mammography and xeromammography. The sensitivities were: mammography 0.91, xeromammography 0.88. The specificities were: mammography 0.63, xeromammography 0.75. We conclude that both modalities are comparable in detecting cancer when optimal technique and experienced personnel are used.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical examination, xeromammography, and fine-needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of breast tumours.

The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination, xeromammography, and fine-needle aspiration cytology was compared with definitive histological findings in 255 breast lumps excised during one year. When suitable aspirates were obtained for cytological examination the diagnostic accuracy of aspiration cytology was higher than clinical examination or xeromammography. A diagnostic accuracy of 99% was achieved when all three screening tests were in agreement. As well as confirming a clinical diagnosis of malignancy, cytology is useful in identifying malignancy when clinical findings suggest that the tumour is benign. The availability of accurate cytology has affected patient management in many ways. Xeromammography did not enhance the diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination and aspiration cytology in patients presenting with a breast lump and, as a procedure with potential hazard, the benefit of routine xeromammography is questionable when an efficient cytological service is available.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1977

Single view negative mode xeromammography: an approach to reduce radiation exposure in breast cancer screening.

With the increasing use of xeromammography in mass screening for breast cancer, the potential risk to women from repeated exposure to low energy ionizing radiation must be weighed against the benefit of early detection of breast cancer. Although xeromammography allows detection of 80-90% of breast cancers before metastases occur, the radiation hazard from repeated xeromammographic screening must be considered and attempts made to reduce radiation exposure. The dose from xeromammography can be reduced by greater than one half with the single mediolateral view, negative mode imaging technique. Moreover, no reduction of diagnostic accuracy of xeromammography in early detection of breast cancer was found with this technique.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Carcinoma of the breast: detection with MR imaging versus xeromammography.

Detectability of breast cancer with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging versus xeromammography was quantitatively compared. MR images were obtained of breasts of 120 women who underwent xeromammography. T1 values were determined for masses larger than 2 cm. Cancer was histologically confirmed in 39 breasts and was considered excluded from 81 due to results of biopsy, cyst aspiration, or sonography or absence of change in xeromammographic findings over time. Images were blindly interpreted by three observers, and results were expressed as receiver operating characteristic curves. Detectability of breast cancer was substantially better with xeromammography than with MR imaging for all observers (P less than .03, 10(-6), and .001). On MR images, spiculation of a mass, distorted architecture, skin thickening, and nipple or skin retraction were specific but relatively insensitive indicators of cancer. Masses with smooth, distinct margins and signal intensity greater than that of fat on T2-weighted images were always benign. Other findings and T1 values were not diagnostically useful. The authors conclude that xeromammography is superior to MR imaging in detection of breast cancer.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1980

The Monte Carlo calculation of integral radiation dose in xeromammography.

A Monte Carlo computer program has been developed for the computation of integral radiation dose to the breast in xeromammography. The results are given in terms of the integral dose per unit area of the breast per unit incident exposure. The calculations have been made for monoenergetic incident photons and the results integrated over a variety of X-ray spectra from both tungsten and molybdenum targets. This range incorporates qualities used in conventional and xeromammography. The program includes the selenium plate used in xeroradiography; the energy absorbed in this detector has also been investigated. The latter calculations have been used to predict relative values of exposure and of integral dose to the breast for xeromammograms taken at various radiation qualities. The results have been applied to recent work on the reduction of patient exposure in xeromammography by the addition of aluminium filters to the X-ray beam.

Computers↗
PubMed1978

Contact spot xeromammography in the early diagnosis of breast cancer.

As currently used, xeromammography is a sensitive and specific test to detect early breast cancers. However small the incidence of false positive and false negative diagnoses may be, they do lead to either false assurance of health in some breast cancer patients or cause some cancer-free women to undergo further radiologic and/or surgical diagnostic workup. To improve the accuracy of xeromammography in breast cancer diagnosis, contact spot xeromammography was used to enhance the image detail when findings on the conventional xeromammogram proved ambiguous. This contact spot technique has now been used about 2,500 times in 10,000 asymptomatic women. Our experience with contact spot xeromamography is described, including instances in which it led to correct diagnoses.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Comparative study between film mammography and xeromammography; including specimen radiography].

We retrospectively evaluated preoperative film- and xeromammography of 23 cases with breast cancers, and compared with postoperative specimen radiography to assess tumor delineation and microcalcification detectability. In tumor detection and margin delineation, film mammography was superior to xeromammography, and in microcalcification, film mammography was equal to xeromammography. These results had a effect on the diagnosis of breast cancers.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[Xeromammography (author's transl)].

Film- and xeromammography are good diagnostic methods of breast diseases. Concerning praeclinical situations xeromammography is as well as film-mammography. Radiation hazard of xeromammography is on a lower range.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Xeromammography in screening for breast cancer.

Xeromammography is a safe, low-dose type of breast x-ray study that often enables us to detect breast cancer before it is palpable and before it has metastasized. Xeromammographic identification of parenchymal pattern makes possible determination of risk of breast cancer and of appropriate intervals for follow-up mammographic examination. The real hazard is not in performing, but in omitting, xeromammography--a potentially lifesaving examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Xeromammography in early detection of breast cancer.

Sixty-four carcinomas were detected in 1,315 women examined by xeromammography in 1973. Seventeen carcinomas were occult and 14 were detected in women referred for clinically benign lesions. The remaining 33 carcinomas were diagnosed on the basis of both clinical and roentgenographic examination. There were three false-negatives. Two of these lesions were obscured by very dense fibrocystic disease. The third lesion was called benign due to an error in interpretation. There were eight false-positives; four of these demonstrated intraductal hyperplasia and asymmetry, which may be a precursor to frank malignant change. Xeromammography is suggested as a highly accurate means of detecting occult mammary carcinomas and clarifying the nature of clinically suspected lesions.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1981

Ultrasound demonstration of giant malignant breast cyst undetected by xeromammography.

The present case is unusual because, despite the underlying fatty breast pattern, the large size of the mass, and the presence of carcinoma, an essentially normal xeromammogram was obtained. This case demonstrates the necessity of performing a subsequent ultrasound examination on any patient in whom a palpable breast mass is not detected by xeromammography. The present case report clearly demonstrates that cyst aspiration plays a vital role in the evaluation of cystic breast masses.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1977

Xeromammography: five years and 559 carcinomas.

This study encompasses five years and includes 559 cancers, diagnosed at the Kaiser-Permanente Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. With current low-dose techniques, we have shown the efficacy of xeromammography, even in younger women. One third of the breast cancers, one third of the occult breast cancers, occurred in women under 50 years of age. Most important are the 161 occult cancers which were detected radiographically in these five years.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Xeromammography.

Early detection of breast malignancy can insure more effective treatment and a more likely cure. The early detection of cancer of the breast has become the most vital factor in determining successful treatment, arresting the malignancy before it spreads to other organs. Women do not die from breast cancer--it is the cancer's invasion throughout the body and its affect on vital organ systems which ultimately kills the patient. It is, therefore, understandable why the earliest possible detection offers any woman the most favorable prognosis. Evaluation of the female breast using xeromammography techniques provides us with the technical capability of detecting breast cancer at the earliest and, in the majority of women, the most favorable stage. Using today's reduced dose techniques, any proposed risk, hypothetical or real, becomes insignificant.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Dose reduction in xeromammography (author's transl)].

The use of a total filter of 3 mm of aluminium permits a considerable reduction of the radiation dose in xeromammography using the senographe. In comparison with conventional xeroradiography radiation is reduced by a factor of 2 to 3, in comparison with foilless film by a factor of 10 to 12. The applied tissue dose is between 0.14 and 0.30 rad per exposure. The presently still hypothetic radiogenic risk of carcinoma due to mammography is thus lower for this system than with other systems. The quality of the radiograph and the diagnostic validity are not reduced by this technique.

Female↗
PubMed1977

[Comparative filmmammography and xeromammographie (author's transl)].

Under optimal conditions xeromammography and filmmammography can reach about the same diagnostic accuracy. However because of the difficulty to detect xeroradiographically tiny microcalcifications filmmammography is to be considered as the optimal mammographic method provided it is carried out with rotating molybdenum anode and industrial type film for longer processing time.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1977

Xeromammography--a reason for using saline-filled breast prostheses.

In 5 patients, silicone gel implants obscurred the image, while in 5 patients with saline-filled implants a good 3-dimensional examination of the breast was possible with xeromammography. If saline-filled implants routinely allow better cancer diagnostic surveillance than do silicone gel implants, this should be considered by the surgeon at the time he does an augmentation mammaplasty.

Breast↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resolution and noise in xeromammography.

The resolution and noise characteristics of the xeromammographic image are analyzed by means of a multistage model which considers the exposure, toner deposition, and toner transfer steps. A frequency-dependent theory of xeromammographic noise is developed and comparison is made with experimental results. Central to this theory is the concept of a toner electrode formed in the immediate vicinity of the Se layer. Comparison is also made between the imaging capabilities of xeromammography and screen/film systems. The paper concludes by addressing the question of normalization of the transfer function in an electrostatic system.

Information Theory↗