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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Students who carry weapons to high school: comparison with other weapon-carriers.

PURPOSE: To determine if those who have recently carried a weapon on school grounds differ from those who carry weapons elsewhere. We hypothesized that involvement in other problem behaviors and exposure to school crime and violence would be associated with risk for weapon carrying on school grounds. METHODS: The data for this study were from the 1995 Youth Risk Behavior Survey of 10,904 high school students. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine risk for weapon carrying on school grounds. RESULTS: Among the students who carried a weapon, 48% carried a weapon on school grounds. Female gender, lower parental education levels, substance use on school grounds, involvement in physical fights, exposure to school crime and violence, frequency of weapon-carrying, and gun carrying distinguished students who carried weapons on school grounds from those who carried weapons off school grounds. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that weapon-carrying on school grounds is associated with individual and school-related characteristics. Efforts to reduce weapon-carrying on school grounds might focus on reduction of students' actual and perceived vulnerability to victimization, as well as by helping students understand that other problem behaviors increase their risk for violence.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2003

Some samples of weapons and instruments used as weapon in criminal offenses in Turkey.

The variety of instruments used for crime of violence is wide. Besides the manufactured legal weapons, there are comparable numbers of purchased instruments, which are used as lethal weapons and significant numbers of comprising home-made ones. The instruments used during the commission of a crime shows similarity throughout the countries. Nevertheless, there are small differences to be seen. The topic of this subject features the types of weapons used in criminal offenses in Turkey.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

A cross-modal weapon focus effect: The influence of a weapon's presence on memory for auditory information.

To examine whether a weapon's presence impairs witnesses' memory for auditory information (as it impairs memory for visual information), we conducted two experiments in which undergraduates watched one version of a videotape depicting a male target who held either a weapon or a neutral object and conversed with a female character. The semantic content of his remarks was either easy or difficult to comprehend. The weapon's presence did not affect voice identification accuracy or memory for the target's vocal characteristics (e.g., pitch, loudness, speech rate) but did worsen memory for semantic content in the Difficult Comprehension condition. Our results can be explained by multiple resource models of attention, which propose separate resource "pools" for different sensory modalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Medical and technical aspects of weapon effects on man. Part 5--Common weapons].

"Weapons at hand" are tools of everyday life, which can be used as instruments for fighting. The investigation offers a survey concerning instruments, which were actually used for conflicting bodily injuries (cases selected from 1029 expertises) or for killing (cases selected from 474 autopsies). The findings are complemented by non-medical publications about self-defence. In the Austrian legal system the use of "weapons at hand" is interpreted like weapons in the technical sense.

Expert Testimony↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemical weapon functional exercise--Cincinnati: observations and lessons learned from a "typical medium-sized" city's response to simulated terrorism utilizing Weapons of Mass Destruction.

In the wake of the September 11, 2001, attacks and the subsequent anthrax scare, there is growing concern about the United States' vulnerability to terrorist use of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). As part of ongoing preparation for this terrible reality, many jurisdictions have been conducting simulated terrorist incidents to provide training for the public safety community, hospitals, and public health departments. As an example of this national effort to improve domestic preparedness for such events, a large scale, multi-jurisdictional chemical weapons drill was conducted in Cincinnati, Ohio, on May 20, 2000. This drill depicted the components of the early warning system for hospitals and public health departments, the prehospital medical response to terrorism. Over the course of the exercise, emergency medical services personnel decontaminated, triaged, treated, and transported eighty-five patients. Several important lessons were learned that day that have widespread applicability to health care delivery systems nationwide, especially in the areas of decontamination, triage, on-scene medical care, and victim transportation. As this training exercise helped Cincinnati to prepare for dealing with future large scale WMD incidents, such drills are invaluable preparation for all communities in a world increasingly at risk from terrorist attacks.

Ambulances↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pump-gun as a weapon. Type of injuries, prohibition of weapons].

Pumpguns are shotguns with pump action whose injuries and wound mechanisms have several special features: extremely high kinetic energy of the shot (2500 to 3500 J) frequent cases of "Krönlein shots" (exenteration of the brain) punchmark/imprint immediately adjacent to the entrance wound from the front of the pipe magazine exit wounds from buckshot may be similar to pellet entrance injuries from a distant shotgun discharge the use of various shotgun cartridges (plastic ammunition, slug bullet, various lead pellets) within the same weapon. The change in the Austrian gun law and the banning of the pumpgun in 1995 is also discussed in the article.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Types of weapons and patterns of use in a forensic hospital.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe types of weapons and weapon use patterns among inpatients at a state forensic hospital to assist staff in evaluating the weapon-screening program. METHODS: Data for a five-year period were drawn from special incident reports, hospital police crime reports, and supervisory logs to document weapon use in a 973-bed, all-male maximum security forensic hospital. Weapons were categorized as weapons of opportunity (objects available at the site of the attack) and manufactured or contraband weapons. Repeat use of weapons by a patient was documented. RESULTS: Weapon use was relatively rare. During the five-year period less than 3 percent of inpatients used weapons, and less than 3 percent of violent incidents involved weapon use. Available objects were used in most attacks. Only 17 patients were responsible for a fourth of all weapons assaults, and these patients repeatedly used the same types of available objects, particularly furniture. Staff and patients were targeted equally in the weapon assaults. CONCLUSIONS: Weapon-screening programs may prevent weapon carrying but not weapon use. Detailed histories of weapon use should be part of each patient's assessment and should be made known to staff.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1997

The association of weapon carrying and fighting on school property and other health risk and problem behaviors among high school students.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between weapon carrying on school property and engaging in health risk and problem behaviors such as fighting and substance use on school property, fear of attending school, and victimization at school. DESIGN: A complex 2-stage probability survey (Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey). SETTING: High schools in Massachusetts. PARTICIPANTS: Three thousand fifty-four high school students. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Number of days a weapon was carried on school property during the 30 days prior to the survey. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-reported weapon carrying on school property was 15% among male students and 5% among female students (P < .001). Weapon carrying on school property was significantly (P < .001) associated with frequency of physical fights on school property (r = 0.26), being a victim of threat or injury with a weapon on school property (r = 0.27), being a victim of stolen or damaged goods on school property (r = 0.14), not attending school owing to fear (r = 0.15), and substance use while at school, including smoking cigarettes (r = 0.20), using chewing tobacco (r = 0.18), smoking marijuana (r = 0.24), and using alcohol (r = 0.29). The association between weapon carrying and alcohol use in school was higher among students who were afraid to come to school (r = 0.49) than among students who were not afraid (r = 0.28). Students who had engaged in same-sex sexual activity (P < .001) or had been offered, given, or sold illicit drugs at school (P < .001) were more likely to carry a weapon at school. Multiple regression analysis showed that male sex and the frequencies of physical fighting, being a victim of a threat or injury, drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes, and being offered or sold an illicit drug while on school property accounted for 21% of the variance in weapon carrying in school. When weapon carrying was dichotomized and analyzed with logistic regression, a model containing age, male sex, lower academic achievement, days not attending school owing to fear, times threatened or injured with a weapon at school, frequency of fighting at school, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and being offered or sold illicit drugs on school property correctly classified 91.83% of the students who did or did not carry weapons. CONCLUSIONS: Weapon carrying at school was more strongly associated more with use of violence and the use of substances at school than with previous victimization and fear of attending school. However, there is a subgroup of students that seems to have been victimized at school, is afraid to come to school, is using alcohol at school, and is carrying weapons at school.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The association between weapon carrying and the use of violence among adolescents living in and around public housing.

PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that adolescents who carry lethal weapons are more likely to engage in violent behavior than adolescents who do not carry weapons. DESIGN: Cross-sectional Survey. SUBJECTS: Black adolescents (N = 225) from a lower socioeconomic (SES) background living in or around nine Housing and Urban Development housing projects. MEASUREMENTS: An anonymous questionnaire containing scales from the CDC Youth Risk Behavior Survey and Self-Reported Delinquency Questionnaire was administered. Data were analyzed with Spearman rho correlation coefficients (r), followed by partial correlation coefficients controlling for age and gender. RESULTS: Thirty-five percent of males and 16% of females reported carrying a weapon during the previous 30 days. Frequency of weapon-carrying was correlated (r = .33, p < or = 0.0001). with the frequency of physical fights in the last month, but the relationship was stronger among males than females. Weapon-carrying was also associated (r = .20, p < or = 0.003) with frequency of receiving a serious injury during a fight and the frequency of attacking someone with a weapon with the idea of seriously hurting or killing them (r = .48, p < or = 0.0001). Although males were more likely to carry a hidden weapon than females, the frequency of weapon-carrying was more highly correlated with the frequency of carrying a hidden weapon by females (r = .63, p < or = 0.0001) than males (r = .49, p < or = 0.0001). Females who carried weapons were more likely than males to be involved in gang fights. Among males (r = .27, p < or = 0.008), frequency of weapon-carrying was correlated with frequency of attacking someone with whom they lived. This was not so among females (r = .02). CONCLUSION: These data support the hypothesis that the lower SES black adolescents in this sample who carried weapons were more likely to engage in violent behaviors than those who did not carry weapons.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Emergency medical services providers and weapons in the prehospital setting.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate emergency medical services (EMS) providers' experience with weapons encountered while working, and evaluate the training they have received regarding searching for and confiscating weapons in the field. METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional survey anonymously completed by a convenience sample of EMS providers in the metropolitan Boston and Los Angeles (LA) areas. RESULTS: Of 2,672 surveys distributed, 2,224 (83%) were returned. Forty-two percent of the respondents (39% of Boston and 46% of LA) reported searching patients for weapons, and 62% (51% of Boston and 76% of LA) reported finding weapons. The LA respondents were more likely than the Boston respondents to have found a firearm. Twenty-seven percent of the respondents reported they had found more than five weapons in their careers. One thousand seven hundred seventy-two (80%) providers replied that they would report discovered weapons, most frequently to law enforcement personnel. Providers with higher EMS education and ones who received weapons-related training were more likely to search for, find, and report weapons. Four hundred fifty-one (20%) respondents reported receiving formal weapons-related training, 291 (13%) considered their initial EMS training on weapons-related topics to be adequate, and 292 (13%) considered their continuing education in these areas adequate. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that weapons encountered in the field are a widespread problem for EMS providers. Although many EMS providers search for and find weapons on their patients, most of them feel they have been inadequately trained in this area. Prospective studies are needed to document the actual incidence of weapon encounters in the prehospital setting. Multidisciplinary discussions are needed to address the above issues.

Adult↗