Vulvar erythema. Vulvitis chronica plasmacellularis (Zoon's vulvitis).
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Adult↗
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Isolation of Ureaplasma from bovine granular vulvitis.
Cultures for mycoplasmatales, viruses and bacteria were made from bovine vulvar swabs to determine whether ureaplasma was associated with a clinical granular vulvitis observed in 16 Ontario dairy herds. Ureaplasma was isolated from 23.5% of 34 clinically normal cows, 74% of 27 cows with mild to moderate vulvar hyperemia but no discharge and 100% of 20 cows with acute vulvar hyperemia accompanied by purulent discharge. There were statistically significant differences in rates of isolation among clinical groups. Mycoplasma bovigenitalium was isolated from 7.7% and 20% of cows with moderate or acute vulvitis respectively but not from normal cows. Haemophilus somnus was isolated from 25% of cows with acute vulvitis. There were no significant differences in isolations of Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium pyogenes and alpha-hemolytic streptococcus between normal and clinically affected animals. Cultures of 135 repeat samples from 33 cows revealed that ureaplasma persisted in some animals for at least three months. No viruses were isolated from any of the animals in this study.
Animals↗
Experimental reproduction of ovine vulvitis with bacteria of the haemophilus/histophilus group.
Ovine vulvitis was experimentally reproduced by intravaginal inoculation of a mixture of bacterial strains of the histophilus/haemophilus group isolated from field cases. Grossly, the experimental vulvitis was identical to the field condition, and bacteria indistinguishable from the inoculated strains were reisolated.
Animals↗
Vulvitis circumscripta plasmacellularis treated successfully with interferon alpha.
A 74-year-old woman with vulvitis circumscripta plasmacellularis was successfully treated with intralesional injections of interferon alpha. Although the patient had been previously treated unsuccessfully for 5 years with topical administration of a potent corticosteroid, with cryotherapy, and with surgical procedures, the disease continually recurred. A course of interferon alpha resulted in a significant clinical improvement of the lesions, a histologically verified decrease of plasma cell infiltrate, and the disappearance of the antigen of herpes simplex virus that had been detected before treatment by direct immunofluorescence staining of the lesion. This clinical course demonstrates the effectiveness of local injections of interferon alpha into those lesions with vulvitis circumscripta plasmacellularis that did not previously respond to conventional therapy. Therefore an implication exists that herpes simplex virus infection may be one of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of this disease.
Aged↗
[Vulvitis in young girls: value of cleansing base with concentrated colloidal oat extract].
Vulvitis is a frequent infection in young girls. Fourty prepubertal children with recurrent vulvitis were submitted, besides usual local hygiene rules, to a twice daily toilet with a cleansing base containing colloidal oat extract (Emulave fluid). It was associated with a colouring product in case of severe local inflammation during the first days of treatment. Minimal duration of the treatment was 15 days. In cases of long-term use, exceeding 3 months, no recurrence of local infection was observed. In all cases, tolerance was excellent.
Child↗
Two urogenital sinus syndromes. Interstitial cystitis and focal vulvitis.
Forty-six young women had unusual and presumably noninfectious disorders of unknown etiology involving tissues derived from the embryonic urogenital sinus (urogenital sinus syndromes). Ten women had interstitial cystitis, and 25 had focal vulvitis. Eleven women had both interstitial cystitis and focal vulvitis. The affected groups were similar in demographic and other characteristics. Most were white and in their mid-20s. Both unusual conditions occurred in the same woman more often than could be expected by chance. This observation suggests that some common, perhaps autoimmune mechanism may be involved in the etiology of these syndromes.
Adolescent↗
Focal vulvitis: a characteristic syndrome and cause of dyspareunia. Features, natural history, and management.
Based on the study of 67 affected women during a period of 15 years, we report the clinical features and natural history of focal vulvitis, a unique syndrome characterized by severe and persistent superficial dyspareunia and the presence of one to 11 (median three) minute, exquisitely tender areas of focal inflammation or ulceration on the mucosa of the vestibule. Three fourths of all lesions occur around the Bartholin gland ducts or between them posteriorly. Histopathologic study of tissues from seven patients has not shown a characteristic pattern of inflammation and fails to confirm a reported association between these lesions and the minor vestibular glands. These histologic studies and an in-depth clinical and epidemiologic investigation in nine patients, including microbiologic studies to identify infection by herpes simplex virus. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic streptococci, Chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasmas, Candida sp., trichomonads, or Mycobacterium sp., have not established an infectious etiology for this syndrome or evidence that it represents an unusual form of an autoimmune disease or Behcet's syndrome. Treatment with topical antimicrobial or corticosteroid creams, antibiotics given systemically, or cryotherapy has not been of demonstrable benefit. Approximately one half of patients eventually experience spontaneous remission but many appear to remain symptomatic indefinitely. Surgical excision of the hymenal ring and contiguous mucosa of the vestibule has brought relief and permitted resumption of sexual activity in seven of eight treated patients. While promising, operation should be reserved for patients who have experienced unremitting dyspareunia associated with the characteristic focal inflammatory lesions for at least 6 months.
Adolescent↗
Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a case of vulvitis granulomatosa or vulval variant of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.
A case of vulvitis granulomatosa or the vulval variant of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) in a young adult patient with systemic lupus erythematosus is presented. She also had evidence of cervicovulvovaginal human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Nine years later she developed a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the vulva. HPV 6/11 was found by DNA in situ hybridization within a vulval condyloma as well as within the carcinoma. This case is unusual in that SCC associated with HPV 6/11 developed in her vulva affected by MRS rather than in the cervix, where SCC was more likely to occur considering this patient's age.
Adult↗
Circinate vulvitis in Reiter's syndrome.
Two cases of Reiter's syndrome in women are described. The diagnosis was based on the presence of increased vaginal and cervical discharge containing excess leucocytes, arthritis, conjunctivitis, and HLA B27 tissue-typing antigen. In addition circinate lesions developed on the vulva similar to those seen on the glans penis. No previous description of these lesions has been traced and the name 'circinate vulvitis' is suggested for these lesions.
Adult↗
Vulvitis granulomatosa and anoperineitis granulomatosa.
We present the case of a 77-year-old female with a rare genital and anoperineal granulomatous cutaneous manifestation resembling cheilitis granulomatosa Miescher. The typical histological findings of epithelioid cell granulomas were localized in the vulva and anoperineal region; the latter manifestation has not yet been described. Based on our personal observations and a review of the literature, the clinical and histological features of vulvitis granulomatosa are described.
Aged↗
[Monosymptomatic Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome with subsequent vulvitis and perivulvitis granulomatosa].
We report on an 40-year-old woman with granulomatous facial swelling followed by vulvitis and perivulvitis granulomatosa. The characteristic histopathology with epitheloid cell granulomas was seen in samples from both the face and the vulva. By immunohistochemistry the lesions were characterized as consisting mainly of histiocytic and CD-30-positive T cells. The possible aetiology is discussed briefly.
Adult↗
Desquamative vulvitis.
The typical appearance of inflammatory and bullous diseases may be changed when they occur on the vulva. The moist, warm, occluded environment produces a tendency for the thin skin of the vulva to erode and scar, resulting in a common final appearance often characterized by loss of the labia minora and agglutination of the clitoral hood. The most common diseases that may produce desquamative vulvitis include lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, immunobullous diseases, contact dermatitis, erythema multiforme, lupus erythematosus, and squamous cell carcinoma in situ. The differentiating characteristics and treatment of these diseases are discussed in this article.
Adult↗
[Human papillomavirus (HPV) vulvitis].
Human papilloma virus vulvitis with flat elements resembling leucoplakia may be diagnosed by application of a 5% acetic acid solution and subsequent biopsy and histological examination. The condition causes irritation with dyspareumia and is so frequent that the diagnosis and initial treatment may be undertaken by the general practitioner.
Adult↗
An outbreak of granulomatous vulvitis in feedlot heifers.
An unusual form of vulvitis occurred in outbreak form affecting at least 18 of a group of 35 to 40 heifers soon after their introduction to a feedlot in the western Transvaal area of the Republic of South Africa. Initially, affected animals showed a knob-like swelling of the ventral commissure of the vulva. This grew in size up to approximately 6 cm in diameter and then appeared to burst open and give rise to a granulomatous lesion. Bovine herpesvirus type-1, Moraxella bovis, Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Mycoplasma bovis were isolated from 2 affected heifers referred for diagnostic investigation. Mycoplasma canadense was isolated from one of the heifers. Attempts to reproduce the disease by transferring an excised portion of the lesion to unaffected animals, resulted only in lesions typical of uncomplicated infectious pustular vulvovaginitis. It is proposed that that multifactorial aetiology, including synergistic pathogenic action between the organisms isolated, was responsible for this outbreak. Administration of oxytetracycline to affected animals was followed by prompt resolution of symptoms. No further outbreaks have been reported.
Animals↗
Bovine granular vulvitis associated with ureaplasma infection.
A granular vulvitis syndrome associated with ureaplasma infection was first recognized in Ontario dairy herds in 1972. The acute form of the disease was characterized by a purulent vulvar discharge, an inflamed hyperemic vulvar mucosa and varying degrees of granularity. In the chronic form, there was an absence of a purulent discharge and a gradual decline in the severity of the hyperemia and granularity. Epithelial inclusion cysts were observed in the vulvar epithelium of approximately 10% of affected cows.A seasonal variation in the incidence of the disease was observed. Herd morbidities during the summer months reached a low of 37% and increased to 75% during the winter months with constant housing.When widespread in herds, the acute form of the disease had a significant effect on fertility. In four herds examined, first service conceptions dropped on average by 27%. The chronic form of the disease had a less detrimental effect on fertility with first service conceptions being reduced on average by 13%. Intrauterine infusions of a tetracycline 24 hours postbreeding were found to be of value in improving conception rates in acutely affected herds.
Animals↗
[Vulvitis due to ancylostoma duodenale (author's transl)].
There is reported about a case of vulvitis, which was resistant to usual forms of therapy. Infections as such of Candida or of Trichomonas as well as diabetes could be excluded. But there could be proved an incidence of Ancylostoma duodenale, which is nowadays more often to be observed. Adequate therapy was successful.
Adult↗
Vulvitis and vulvovaginitis: cutaneous considerations.
Vulvar dermatoses (previously dystrophies) include psoriasis, allergic or irritant reactions, lichen sclerosus, lichen simplex chronicus, lichen planus, and tinea. Some of these have bullous or erosive forms, but they differ from the immune-mediated vesiculobullous disease group, which includes vulvar pemphigus, benign familial pemphigus, pemphigoid, linear IgA disease, and dermatitis herpetiformis. Vulvar ulcers can occur in dermatoses resulting from systemic disease (Behçet's syndrome, lupus, pellagra, and Reiter's disease) or malignancies resembling dermatoses (extramammary Paget's disease, squamous cell carcinoma, and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia). Many vulvar dermatoses itch or burn. Vulvodynia occurs with irritant and allergic dermatitis, vulvar dermatoses, complications of steroid use, candidiasis, papillomatosis, vestibulitis, or essential (dysesthetic) vulvodynia. Diagnostic tests (potassium hydroxide, cultures, and biopsy) should establish the diagnosis and therapy should be specific. Few skin diseases are curable but all are treatable; effective management is defined by whether a medication reliably controls outbreaks or symptoms when it is used. Patience is recommended, because treatment may take weeks or months.
Administration, Topical↗
[Ulcerating vulvitis--a rare complication in abdominal typhus].
This article describes the clinical pattern and course of an ulcerating vulvovaginitis occurring within the overall clinical picture of a case of typhus abdominalis as a now rare complication of that severe infectious disease.
Adult↗